icturesque style. Each of these series has been interpolated or revised.
2320: on the Sabbath can hardly be original, for 4 .s clearly the commencement, and 4 also hardly includes the Sabbath under its terms.—%1l4 has been Grpatied: The original elements from P» are clearly seen in 10b-11. 14a. Here a feast of firstfruits is described which is not referred to elsewhere. The morrow after the Sabbath, 11. 15f, requires explanation by some context now missing. But probably it is rightly con- nected with Unleavened Bread.—15-1 relates to Pentecost, or Feast of Weeks. 2 only is preserved from Ps, but in 18f par- ticulars have been incorrectly added from Nu 2827-29. Pb had ye shall present with the bread two he-lambs of the first year for @ sacrifice of peace-oferings.—™ is repeated from 19%,—2-2 institutes the Feast of New Year’s Day, with trumpet blasts.— 26-32 ig marked Ps, because on 16 we found that the Day of Atonement as a yearly fast was not original in Ps. 38 isa briefer title than lf. 28f 33f,—33-36 contains Ps’s ordinance as to the Feast of Booths complete, and 876. 4 his conclusion of the calendar. But in 3942 the editor has introduced from ΡΒ a graphic account of the manner in which it isto be kept. The Stress in this ison the mode of keeping the feast, as above in 9-20, and the date is left indefinite, when ye have gathered in the fruits of the land, 3% being a harmonizing addition by the editor, in accordance with later practice. Similarly 3%, which uses the phraseology of Ps, and mentions an 8th day, is foreign e the context, which like Dt 1613-15 only knows 7 days for the east.
24: On oil fr the lamps 1.4, shewbread **, and blasphemy ®8, 3-4 15. parallel with Ex 27° and Nu 8'4, and it is not easy to determine the order of priority. On the whole, the present passage seems most original. Both it and ὅ9 are regarded as fragments of Ps, put here possibly to replace similar ordinances of te, even as in 23 ἃ like pro- cess has gone on. In each ease the phraseology is purely that of P¥.—!-5 is a curious paragraph, in which a central core 1>-2*, containing various ordinances on blasphemy 156. murder 17-1, assault 1%. killing a beast 18. “18, is found surrounded by a narrative envelope, which resembles others found in Ps, while the phraseology supports this ascrip- tion. The laws are given to P", as they contain
LEVITICUS
LEVITICUS 10%
several words and phrases characteristic of that code, and follow the same models. Contrast also 115 and 1,
25: On the Sabbatical and Jubile years.—*" with 19:29. institutes the Sabbatical year as a general fallow-year for the whole land. The par- ticulars harmonize with the feast regulations of P+, and the phraseology is also that of P®. Its ascription to that code is therefore generally allowed. But it is different with regard to the rest of the chapter, where undoubted marks of Ps or P* are found side by side with words and pia (Baentsch notes 14 such) characteristic of
h, These phenomena point to the intermixture of elements, but how to effect a separation is matter of conjecture. The Analysis above adopts the view that the term jubdile and the clauses or passages in which it occurs are P*. This is thought probable, beeause—(1) Ly 26, which lays stress on the Sabbath years, does not allude to the jubile ; (2) most of these clauses and verses bear other marks of late origin ; and (3) general con- siderations (see art. SABBATICAL AND JUBILE YEARS) support the same conclusion. The lin- guistic evi ence, however, leads to the inference that the main ideas of the institution of the 50th
ear as a year of release were expressed in legal orm by the school of P» and have survived in a modified shape in this chapter.
8:18 js full of redundancies, and when the clauses given to P# are removed, the remainder is almost complete as an intelligible whole. % mentioning the day of atonement as an annual fast must be late, and it is conjectured from Ezk 401 that the 10th day of the 7th month was the old New Year's Day. Thus in the original source the incongruity of the trumpet blasts on the solemn fast day is not found, but has been inserted as an interpretation of 9, 14 shows in Heb. a confusion of sing. and plur. persons, and its last clause seems to be altered to lead u to 15, itself modified by Ps, while something which introduce 14 jis now missing. That 818 breaks the connexion between 7and 19 is another proof that it has been the subject of editorial handling.--23 is given to Ps for linguistic reasons, cf. 30, and from analogy with 41, a jubile piece. It contains, moreover, the final stage of principle, explicitly stated instead of merely implied.—*4 states the rule of which % is a particular case. Like 23, however, it may be Ps, as the plural is less common in Ph,—In 2631 the jubile references are so embedded in the material that no sen an is feasible, though an earlier basis is possible. Contrast and if a man 35. 29 with 25. 35,—2931 providing for city property has the air of later legal refinement.—3254 is the latest addition of all, with its provision for Levites who have not yet been mentioned themselves, much less_ their cities ; οἵ. Nu 351-8,—For further particulars about this difficult chapter, see the art. referred to above.