W. H. BENNETT. MOADIAH.—See MAADIAH.
MOCHMUR (Μοχμούρ B, Μουχμούρ κε"; Machur Old Lat., Peor Syr.; A omits; Vulg. Jth 7° omits LXX 7}7-9),—A wady (χείμαῤῥος) on which CHUsI, near EKREBEL, was situated, apparently S.E. of Dothan (Jth 7).
MOCK, MOCKINGSTOCK.—The verb to mock is both trans. and intrans. Used transitively it has two distinct meanings: (1) To ridicule, as 1 K 18” ‘Elijah mocked them, and said, Cry aloud’ ; Job 12* ‘1 am as one mocked of his neighbour’ (RV ‘one that is a laughing-stock to his neighbour’). (2) To deceive, se he Jg 16 ‘And Delilah said unto Samson, Behold, thou hast mocked me, and told me lies,’ Job 139 ‘As one man mocketh another, do ye so mock him?’ (RV ‘as one de- ceiveth a man, will ye deceive him?’). So Shaks. Rich. III. rv. iv. 87—
* A mother only mocked with two sweet babes’ ;
and Macbeth, τ. vii. 81— ‘ Away, and mock the time with fairest show.’
The ae rape ey | of the intrans. verb is to ridi- cule, as Job 215 ‘Suffer me that I may speak ; and after that I have spoken, mock on’ (from Gen. Bible ; Coy. ‘laugh my wordes to scorne’); Pr 1% ‘I will mock when your fear cometh’; Ac 17% ‘And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked.’ The phrase to ‘mock at’ occurs in Pr 30”, La 17, Tindale has ‘mock out,’ Expositions 39, ‘their sophistical glosses, feigned to mock out the law of God, and to beguile the whole world’; and ‘mock with,’ Works, i. 205, ‘So shamefully doth the covetousness and ambi- tion of our prelates mock with the law of God.’
Mock was once common as a subst.: thus in Matt. Bible, marg. note to Gn 3” ‘Here thys worde do is taken as a mocke as it isin 1 Καὶ 18’; Joy, Apologye to Tindale, 14, ‘This saith Tindale yroniously in a mok as though it were false that oure soulis as sone as we be dead shulde go to heven’; Shaks. Henry V. τ. ii. 285—
‘For many a thousand widows Shall this his mock mock out of their dear husbands ; Mock mothers from their sons, mock castles down ;
And some are yet ungotten and unborn That shall have cause to curse the Dauphin’s scorn.’
The only example in AV is Pr 14° ‘ Fools make a mock at sin.’ Cf. He 6° Tind. ‘ For as moche as they have (as concerninge them selves) crucified the soune of God a fresshe, makynge a mocke of him.’
The subst. ‘ mocking’ (=mod. ‘ mockery,’ which also occurs) is found in Ezk 224 ‘ Therefore have I made thee a reproach unto the heathen, and a mocking to all countries,’ and He 11” ‘ And others had trials of cruel mockings and scourgings.’ Cf. Shaks. Love’s Labour’s Lost, Vv. ii. 59—
‘ We are wise girls to mock our lovers so. They are worse fools to purchase mocking 80.’
Mockingstock is used in 2 Mac 7? ‘to make him a mocking stock’ (ἐπὶ τὸν ἐμπαιγμόν, RV ‘to the mocking’), and 7° ‘ After him was the third made a mocking stock’ (éveraltero), So Raleigh, Hist. World, Vv. v. 7, ‘Philip... was taken by the consul; made a mocking stock; and sent away prisoner to Rome.’ J. ΗΑΒΤΙΝΟΒ.
MODERATION.—For moderation in eating and drinking, see TEMPERANCE. The word itself occurs but once in AV, Ph 4° ‘Let your moderation be known unto all men.’ The Greek is τὸ ἐπιεικὲς ὑμῶν. This adj. ἐπιεικής occurs also in 1 Ti 33, Tit 33, Ja 37, 1 P 218, in the first passage AV gives ‘patient,’ RV ‘gentle,’ in the others both versions give ‘gentle.’ The neut. form (rd ἐπιεικές) does not occur again, but it is common in class. writers as equivalent to ἐπιείκεια. This subst. itself (WH ἐπιεικία] is found in Ac 244 (AV and RV ‘clemency ’), and in 2 Co 10] (AV and RV ‘ gentle-
ness’). Both adj. and subst. oceur in Apocr., chiefly of the ‘ gentleness’ of God. But ‘gentleness’ is not the exact idea. Both τὸ
ἐπιεικές and ἐπιείκεια expressed in class. Greek the spirit that declines to exact its legal right. In
th. vy. 4 Aristotle points out that justice is one thing, equity (ἐπιείκεια) another, and in i. 13, 17f. he ΕἾΤΟΕ a full description of ἐπιείκεια as that which looks to the spirit and not the letter, the intention and not the act, the whole and not the part, ete. This is in exact agreement with what is undoubt- edly the derivation of the word, εἰκός ‘ reasonable,’ ‘ becoming,’ and the idea in Ph 4° may be expressed in Matthew Arnold’s phrase ‘sweet reasonable- ness,’ or in a single word ‘ considerateness.’
In the trans. of the word two mistakes have been made. On the one hand, there was a time when the word degenerated into the expression of re- npecele behaviour, and respectable behaviour is
yays the pursuit of a middle course, in mediis tutissimus. Hence Thue. (i. 76) makes τὸ ἐπιεικές equivalent to τὸ μετριάζειν ‘moderation.’ This idea was seized by the AV translators at Ph 4° (they seem to be alone in thus translating the word), and a modern translation (Ferrar Fenton, The NT in Current English) has ‘ good conduct.’* Cf. Light- foot on Ph 4°.