| Fritzsche, Annal, iii. 1 (1831); Reuss, l.c. ; Renan, p, 415 ff. ; Farrar, vol. ii. 292 ΠΥ, - Zéckler, Com. on Apoc. and others. Jewish Christians were familiar with Gematria, the numerical indication of names (Farrar in Hapos. 1879, ν. 369). The non-identification, however, of Nero with the 666 by any early writer is significant.
} Hengst., Auberlen, Lange, Alf., Mill, and others.
NETHANEL
LrreraTors.—Tacitus, Annales, esp. the edition of Furneaux, with Introduction and Appendices ; Suetonius, Nero ; Dio Cassius, Hist. Rom.; Merivale, Komans under the Empire; H. Schiller, Geach, d, rom, reg es ore (i808) b mend Leen in Rom. Emp. ; articles in Expositor (1 y ommsen, and Ramsay; Hardy, Christianity and Rom, Government: Arnold, Neronische Christenver/. ; on's Intr. NT; Baring- Gould, Tragedy of the Caesars; Renan, Antichrist; Reuss, Chr. Th. in Ap. Age (tr.), vol i. ; Farrar, Early Days of Chris- tianity ; Aubé, Perséc. de [ gh G. H. Lewes, ‘Was Nero a Monster?’ in Cornhill Mag., July 1863; Wiedemeister, Casar- enwahnsinn ; Lipsius, Apocr, Apgesch.; Bruston in Revue de Théol., Sept. 1895. H. Cowan.
NEST (jp ken, νεοσσιά, voooid).—The receptacle constructed by a bird in which to lay its eggs and rear its young (Dt 22°32"). Swallows make their nest in the Lord’s house (?Ps 84°) ; eagles, on in- accessible pinnacles of the rocks (Job 3957, Hence a secure fortification, 866: in the mountains, is called a nest (Nu 24%, Jer 4916, Οὐ 4, Hab 2%), Many birds return, from year to year, to the same nest, and do not wander in search of another (Pr 275) ; a forsaken nest is a special type of desolation (Is 162m). A quiet, ass , permanent home is called a nest (Job 29%). The zippér makes its nest in the cedars, and the stork her house (nest) in the fir trees (Ps 104”). Hence the ‘inhabitress (Jer 22%) of Lebanon’ is said to make her ‘ nest in the cedars,’ and ‘all the fowls of heaven made their nests’ in the boughs of the emblematic Assyrian cedar tree(Ezk31°), i.e. all nations were under Assyr. protection. The art with which birds conceal their nests is alluded to (Is 1015). Owls choose ruins (Is 341°); doves, holes of the rock (Jer 48%). The ‘rooms’ in the ark are called kinnim, ‘nests’ (Gn 64m), perhaps in allusion to the nests of gregarious birds, as martens, rock pigeons, ete.
The nests of the NT (Mt 8”, Lk 9°) are not νοσσιαί but κατασκηνώσεις =‘ resting pisces, or ‘roosting perches.’ This makes the Saviour’s comparison more forcible. He has not merely no home, but not even a cave like a fox, or a lodging place like a bird. With this corresponds the verb κατα- σκηνόω, Which is tr? (Mt 1383, Mk 482, Lk 1319) ‘lodge,’ and (Ac 2”) quoted from Ps 16°, where the Heb. is av: yishkén (LXX κατασκηνώσει), ‘rest.’ The word means camping or bivouacking, not residing.
G. E. Post.
NET.—See FIsHING.
NETAIM.—AV of 1 Ch 4*> reads, ‘Those that dwelt among plants (RVm plantations) and hedges,’ but RV gives ‘the inhabitants of Netaim and Gederah,’ and this is probably the correct tr®™ of mI oy; ay. The taking of oy; as a proper name is supported by the LXX (B ’Afaelu, A *Araelu). The site has not been identified, but Netaim, like GEDERAH (wh. see), was probably in the Shephélah of Judah.
NETHANEL ()x3n} ‘God has given’; Ναθαναήλ ; ef. the NT name Nathanael).—4. The ‘ prince’ (xv) of Issachar, Nu 18 25 738-310! 2. One of David’s brothers, 1 Ch 2, 8, One of the priests who blew trumpets when the ark was brought up from the house of Obed-edom, 1Ch 15%. 4. A Levite, father of Shemaiah, 1 Ch 945, 5, One of Obed-edom’s sons, 1 Ch 265. 6, A ‘prince’ (1%) sent by Jehoshaphat to teach in the cities of Judah, 2 Ch 177. 7. A chief of the Levites in the reign of Josiah, 2 Ch 35°. 8. A priest who had married a foreign wife, Ezr 10*=Nathanael of 1 Es 9%, 9. Representa- tive of the priestly class of Jedaiah, under the high priest Joiakim, Neh 127, 40, A Levite musi- cian who took part in the ceremony of dedicating the walls, Neh 12%,
Gray (Heb. Proper Names, p. 210 et passim) considers that the name 5x3n} is probably ‘of late origin,’ and possibly also ‘ of artificial character.’
J. A. SELBIE.
NETHANIAH
NETHANIAH (273303 ; in Jer 364 405 41°, 1 Ch 25%, 2 Ch 178 sia ‘J” hath given’; οἵ. Nethanel 5x303).—1. The father of Ishmael the murderer of Gedaliah, 2 K 25-2, Jer 40% 14-15 411. δὲ. 9. om, 15. 18 (LXX Naéavias, but in 2 Καὶ 25% A has Μαθθανία:). 2. An Asaphite, chief of the fifth class of the temple choir, 1 Ch 955. (A in both has Naé@avias, B in first Na@aXlas, in second Na@dv). 3. A Levite who was sent by Jehoshaphat to teach in the cities of Judah, 2 Ch 173 (B Mav@avlas, A Na@avias). 4. The father of Jehudi, Jer 36 [Gr. 43]. B omits τὸν ᾿Ιουδεί, which is read by A between Νηρίου and υἱὸν Ναθανίου.
NETHINIM (AV Nethinims). —The word is always preceded by the article, oynjn, ‘the Nethinim.’ In one passage, Ezr 8”, the Keré has the regular participial form o'pnj7. The un- used sing. 1s, is a noun of the same class as vor, στρ. The LXX usually has οἱ Na@ewelu, but in several passages there are obvious clerical errors, such as τῶν ᾿Αθανείμ, Kadewelu; 1 Ch 9? has ol δεδομένοι. The Pesh. generally transliterates