13-14: The sending of the spies.—The numerous duplicates and divergences in this section re- quire explanation, and find it adequately in the hypothesis that J E and P are all represented in combination, while the very phenomena which dis- prove unity furnish clues to the tracing of the separate threads. The analysis given above is for τὸ most part covered by the evidence collected
ow.
Parallels and Contrasts.—J—({a) Caleb 14% and others sent by Moses 1377 into the South 17>. 2 (ct. ede South 2%) to sce the land 18; (Ὁ) they come unto Hebron 22 cf. Gn 1318; (c) they report to Moses 27; (d) that the people are strong 38. δὶ cf. 18, children of Anak 2 2 cf. Jos 1514 Jg 119, ct. sons of A. 33r; e) and that the land Jfloweth with milk and honey @ 148: Ὁ the people wept 1419 οἱ, 1110. 18; (ε) in fear of falling by the sword 145 cf. 455, their Jwives and little ones becoming a prey 143 ef. 31 Dt 139; (ἢ) Caleb stills ere 807. ΤΣΕΞΟ Σ ΣΑΣ “5 1411.3 1630; signs 141) cf. Ex ; Jthe Lord 1417; 1418" Js cf. Ex 346-9,
E—(a) [In Dt 12, perh. founded on E, 12 unnamed men are sent at the request of the people) into the mountains lic ct, 140.4; ® they come unto valley of Eshcol 2 and return to Ki 350; (0) they bring back word to them (the
NUMBERS
people) 2%; (a). that 5 peoples oonuPy all the land ® (ct. » in
graphy of 14 cluding the tic? geograp| hyo! ΠῚ eee
Caleb with ten others to Out 1.16. 17m. 21. 25. 5220 146. 7. 84. 88. 38) ; (Ὁ) they spy out the land from Zin unto Rehob, te. trom end to end 31, and return... at the end of 40 days (cf. 145%) .. . unto the wilderness of Paran 385; (0) they report (an evil report 321 to Moses and to Aaron, and to all the Peongregation 385 οἵ, 145. 2f. ; (d) that all the e they saw in t are men of great stature 820. e) and that the land .. . eateth up the inhabitants thereof 32; 8 the Peongregation . . . Pmurmur (1427-29) against Moses and against Aaron 141" 2.5; (g) Joshua (not named in JE) and Caleb expostulate 146f θα. 10.— Would (oh that) 142 208 Gn 1718; Pstone with stones (Heb.) and Pthe glory of J" 1410; Phear iniquities 14% ; PJ the Lord 1485; Pplague 1487,
15: Sundry laws.—*”* has received the customary setting from R?, but, at least so far as ὁ, seems to rest on a basis older than P*, With * cf, P® in Ly 19” 23! 253, and observe a burnt-offering or a sacrifice *, of. Lv 178 P®. Ly 2 regulates the in- dependent meal-offering; this prescribes it as an adjunct to animal offerings.—*, in which the person changes from 8rd to 2nd, supplements the preceding by prescribing and regulating the drink-offering ; it my be Py, as may 15:16. which provides for the case of strangers, as in Lv 17, where also this element may not be primary.—*!, whose opening words in Heb. differ from *», may also rest on an early basis. For the usage οἵ. Ezk 44%,.— 2-81 in its present form must rank as P*, and its
lace in the chronological series would seem to be etween Ly 5!8 and Ly 4; but in places it recalls P», e.g. in 35:81. ef. Lv 20 (the penalties) and 24%,— 82-8 is like the secondary element in Ly 24", which see. The closing formula, as J” commanded Moses,
is common only in P*, 16: Korah, Dathan, and Abiram.—Here we find not only a double JE thread, whose strands are
separable on grounds mainly phraseological, but a twofold priestly representation. In we have to do with a civil disturbance, 4On and perhaps Korah, or ®Dathan and Abiram, being the ring- leaders, but in P with an assertion of ecclesiastical rights. By giving in the same order the connected points in the four variations of the narrative as much will be done as space allows to justify the analysis, and at the same time the characteristics of each will emerge.
Parallels and Contrasts.—J—{a) The leaders, Bacon esta, were Korah the son of Kenaz, a kinsman of Oaleb, et. 1h 283, and On the son of Peleth 14; (b) they charge Moses with t ny and failure as leader 13f. ; (0) Moses protests indignantly 15; (ἃ) isolates the offenders 360; (6) and prophesies an earth- oa 27c-30 which forthwith takes place 31, and the Grounp
ves asunder, and they and all that appertain to them go down alive into Sheol 80. 38,—J ing...h 13f.; to kill us 13 cf. Ex 1411 178; Jtents >; consumed %> Gn 1825f. 1915.17; Jlittle ones 2c; vindication of Moses’ commission 38 cf. Ex 810 418. 18 §22—despised 30 1120 1411. 23,
E—(a) The leaders are Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab, sons of Reuben 161c ; (0) they rise up before Moses 2, refuse to come when summoned 12 14b, complaining of harshness and failure to enrich them 14; (c) Moses and the Eelders of Israel (his judicial colleagues Ex 18) visit the offenders ; (d) who stand at the door of their tents 27, all Israel bein about them 34; (6) the BaARTH opens her mouth and swal. up them and their HOUSEHOLDS (ct. 27¢ 838) and closes αι; them 32a. 880. (Ὁ) all Israel flee at the ery of them 4— and vineyards 14b 2017 2122 Ex 225,