The Lucianic recension of the LXX assigns 10 years to Pekah- iah’s reign. It has been observed that 2 Καὶ 17! implies the same duration. From the 2nd year of Azariah to the 12th of Ahaz is 80 years according to the Hebrew chronology, and this demands 10 years of Pekahiah’s to be added to the 20 of Pekah. Klostermann (Bilcher Sam. u. Kn.) accepts 10 years as the oper figure. But this cannot be harmonized with the data of the Assyrian inscriptions. It originated in a system which endeavoured to equalize the sum of the reigns of the Israelite kings with the sum of the reigns of the Judman kings (Benzinger, Konige, p. xxf.). See preceding article.
W. B. STEVENSON.
PEKOD (ἡρη; Ezk 23" Ἢ Φακούκ, A καὶ bold; Jer 50 (Gr. 27)” B ἐκδίκησον, connecting with verb 7p2).—The name of an important tribe and of the place it occupied in Lower Babylonia. The passage in Jer 50” is called by Orelli (Com. on Jer. ad loc.) a symbolical name (cf. RVm ‘ visitation’) of Chaldwan-Babylonia. But we find in the Assyr. inscriptions, notably those of Sargon, a thrilty people dwelling near the mouth of the Uknu river, called Puktidu (cf. Sargon’s Annals, lines 233, 265, 269, etc.). Tiele (Bad.-Assyr. Gesch, 222, 236) regards them as an Aram. —— They were at times allies of the Elamites, and gave the Assyrian
oe,
138 PELAIAH
PENCIL
kings great trouble in ruling Lower Babylonia (ef. Delitzsch, Paradies, p. 240; Schrader, COT ii. »p. 117, 120; Winckler, Gesch. Bab, u. Assyr. 223, 3; Maspero, Passing of Empires, 119, 191, 230, 256, 306, 416; and art. KoA). Ira M. PRICE.
PELAIAH.—4. (rire B Φαρά, A Parad) a son of Elioenai, a descendant of David, 1 Ch 3%, 2. (myxb2) a Levite who helped Ezra to expound the law to the people, Neh 8* (LXX om.). is name or that of his family occurs also in the list of those who sealed the covenant, Neh 10” (B om., A Φελειά).
PELALIAH (7:5$5; AN®%* Φαλαλιά, Luc. Φαλλα- Mas).—A priest in the time of Nehemiah, Neh 11”.
The Syr. has LA XQ ine. Pelaiah; the other ver- sions support the MT.
PELATIAH (ny2be and inbp).—4. (SaArlas) one of the princes of the people, mentioned by Ezekiel as seen by him in vision onpeegs oe the east gate of the Lorp’s house, Ezk 114. He died, as the pro-
het delivered his message, v.4. It is difficult to nace whether Pelatiah’s death is to be understood as actual or merely symbolical, and what relation, if actual, it bears to the form in which Ezekiel’s vision is narrated (see Davidson or Bertholet, ad foc.). 2. (B Φαλεττί, A Φαλλετιά) ἃ grandson of Zerubbabel, 1 Ch 37, 8, (B Φαλαεττιά, A Φαλεττιά) one of the 500 Simeonites who smote the Amalekites of Mt. Seir, 1 Ch 43, 4, (Φαλτιά) one of those who sealed the covenant, Neh 10”.
PELEG (3s).—One of the two sons of Eber, the other being JOKTAN (wh. see), Gn 10% 1116 (φάλεκ) =1Ch 1" (Bom., A Φάλεκ) 35 (B Φάλεχ, A Φάλεκ), ef. Lk 3535 (Φφάλεκ, whence AV Phalec). In Gn 10% a characteristic etymology is given for the name by J, ‘Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided (niphlégah).’ ‘The earth’ here should probably be taken to mean ‘the ulation of the earth,’ as in 11} (so Dillmann), end tha ‘dividing’ to refer to the narrative in 11}: of the confusion of tongues and the dispersion of men ‘over the face of all the earth.’ In all probability the remark is due, not to the original J, but to a redactor of the same school (Rs, so Budde and Kuenen). The name Peleg has been sought by some (e.g. Knobel) in Phailga, a place at the junction of the Chaboras with the Euphrates, b garde (Orientalia, ii. 50) in al-Falj on the road between Basra and Yemfma, and by Sprenger (Geog. Arab, 233, 294) in el-Falaj in Yemima. The common noun peleg in Heb. means ‘a watercourse,’ and Peleg might appropri- ately enough be the designation of a people dwell- ahr a land furrowed by watercourses, whether in Babylonia or N. Arabia. J. A. SELBIE.
PELET (obs).—1. A son of Jahdai, 1 Ch 247 (B Φάλεκ, i.e. Peleg, A Sader). 2, A Benjamite chief who joined David at Ziklag, 1 Ch 12° (B Ἰωφάλητ, A Φάλλητ).
PELETH (nb>).—1, A Reubenite, the father of On, Nu 181, JE (a0). The MT is certainly corrupt; we should eens read Pallu instead of Peleth. See art. KORAH, p. 12% 2 A Jerah- meelite, 1 Ch 2% (B Θάλεθ, A Φάλεθ).
PELETHITES.—See CHERETHITES.
PELICAN.—The word nxp ka’ath is usually derived from the root xip ké’=‘to vomit,’ corre- sponding with the Arab. kd’a. The kd’ath is ‘the vomiter.’ It was interdicted as food (Ly 1118, Dt 14). It inhabited the wilderness (Ps 102° "7 =‘ uninhabited place’), It is one of the
creatures that were to be found in the ruins os
Edom (Is 34") and Nineveh (Zeph 2"). Unfortu: nately the LXX gives us no help, but on the contrary confuses us by translating it at Lv 118 πελεκάν, Dt 14" καταράκτης (AV and RV in both ‘ pelican’), Is 34" ὄρνεα, Zeph 2% χαμαιλέων (AV both ‘ cormor- ant,’ AVm and RV ‘ pelican’), Ps 102° πελεκάν (AV and RV ‘pelican’). The weight of scholarship is in favour of ‘pelican,’ which suits the idea of an unclean bird, and is a bird of uninhabited places (wilderness). As to its being in ruins, it could well inhabit the marshes near the site of Nineveh. As regards Edom, where there is little water, this bird typifies desolation, and the absence of man (see BITTERN).