yray th'-e, out of thy book which thou iia.st written,* and v. 33 fhovah answers, ' Whosoever liaji sinned against me, him will I blot out of my book." See Charles, Hook of Enoch, p. 131 tt.
2. ypiii/ia : this »ord is used in NT in the foil, •enscs — (1) A letier of the alphabet, a written character. Gal 6" (where AV follows Tind. in rendering 'how large a letter,' but KV, accord- ing to the usage of ypcLij.ixaTa ■ypd(ptLi/, ' how large letters,' Wye. and Klieni. already had ' what manner cif letters'). In AV, after TK, thissen.seis found also in Lk '23™, but omittcil from UV, after the best MSS. (2) Any written document, J>k 16«-' AV • bUl,' UV ' bond ' (TU t6 ypi,i.^, edd. rd
contending with the devil for his body (Jude»); Sa'ma or SahiMin. the father of Floazd Ch 2", Uu 420'), „•,„ ihe hiKbanil ol ltahab(Mt 1») ; the drciugbt and (amine ol 1 K 17' 18'" were known to have lasted three and a hall yean (Lk 4>9, Jt 517 ; tee klao Gal 4'°, cl. under Ibuuakl).
ypdix/iaTa). (3) An epistle, Ac 28^ {ypd^Lfxara., EV ' letters'). (4) The law of Moses, Jn 5'" (to ^«ivo« ypaix/xara, EV ' his writings ') ; in St. Paul as written and judicial in opposition to the liberty of the law of life in Christ, Uo 2"-^ 7", 2 Co S"- »■ '. (5) The sacred Scriptures of the OT, 2 Ti 3'» (TR TO. Upi. ypdix/jtara, edd. omit rd, AV ' tlie holy Scrip- tures,' UV 'the sacred writings'). (6) Learning, Jn 7", Ac 26".
3. ypti(pi. Once this word refers to NT writ- ings, viz. the Epp. of St. Paul, 2 P 3'"; elsewhere the reference is to a passage of the OT,* or to the OT Scriptures in general. In Gal 3' ' the Scrip- ture ' is personified.
The question whether ypit^ri in the sing, is ever used of the OT as a whole is much disputed. In a note to Gal 3'-'2 Lightfoot lays down the rule that 'the sing. ypat^. in the NT always means a partintlar passage of Scripture.' But in a subsequent note to Ro 43 he somewhat modifies this statement : ' Dr. Vaughan,' he says, ' takes a different view, and instances examples from St. John. The usage ol St. John may admit ol a doubt, though, personally, 1 think not ; St. Pauls jiractice, however, is ab.solute and uniform.' Hort (on I P 2^) says that in St. John and St. Paul ii ypcc^ ' is capable of being understood as approximating to the collective sense.' See Westcott, IJetireirs, p. 4741f. ; Deissmann, Ribelstudien, lOSff., Eng. tr. 112 ff.; and esp. Warlield in /"re*, atid lief. Review, x. (July 1»19) p. 472 fl. J. HASTINGS.
SCYTHIANS (■S.KiBai, Jg 1", Jth 3'«, 2 Mac 4" I2», 3 Mac 7°; Gn 14'- " -k. inSymm. =dJi'j'). — A nomadic tribe of Indo-European origin who lived between the Danube and the Don, and spread over the region be- tween the Caucasus and the Caspian. In the time of the elder Pliny the name Scythia was a|)pUed vaguely to the remote regions of Central Asia and S. E. Europe. Thecrnelty of the Scythians was pro- verbial (Herod, iv. 64), and their injustice (2 Alao 4^', cf. 3 Mac 7''). Herodotus mentions (i. 103-103) that a horde of Scythians invaded Media, became masters of Asia, and intended to attack Egypt. Psaiumetichus, the king of Egypt, met them in Palestine, where he was besieging Azotns, and prevailed on them by bribes to retreat. It is not iminobable that the description of the foe from the north in Jer 4^-6*' was suggested by the ravages of these Scythian hordes, and that the imagery of Ezk 38'"'' had a similar origin. Zeplianiah's de- scription of the ' Day of the Lord ' may also rellect the impression produced upon the jirophet's mind by the news of the advance of these formidable hosts (see Driver, LOT" '252, 291 f., 342, and cf. art. Jeuemiah in vol. ii. p. S/O*"). Thuc. (ii. 96) connects the Scythians with the GeUe, their neighbours, with whom they afterwards coalesced. Horace (Oil. III. xxiv. 911.) prai.ses their simplicity and describes their nomadic habits. In Col 3" (cf. Gal 3^), where it is said that Christianity does away with all ethnical distinctions, Scythians are mentioned in connexion with, and probably as a synonym for, barbarians. C. H. Piuchard.
SCYTHOPOLIS.— See Bethshkan. Its inhabit- ants are called Scythopolitans i,~Ku6oiro\(e)XTai) in 2 Mac 123".
SEA (Ileb. o; ; Gr. ii 9i\aaaa; only twice tA XA070S, Mt 18", Ac 27").— Besides the literal use, either generally or specially, with often a descrip- tive epithet, of the Mediterranean (Ex '23^', Nu 34*, I)t 11-^), the Dead Sea(Nu 34', Jos 3'«, Zee 14"), the lied Sea (Ex 10'", Ac 7**, 1 Co 10'. He IP'), the Sea of Galileo (Nu 34", Jos 1'2\ Mt 4'* 15-"-', Mk l'« 7", Jn 21' 6'), and even the Nile (Is 18'^ 19», Ezk 3'2^ Nah 3«) and Euphrates (Is 21', Jer Ol-"'), and the figurative use in OT for xvc.st, because the Mediter- ranean was the ivestcrn limit of Palestine (Gn 'i8'^ Ex lO"* 27", Jos 8» 11-'), there are poetical,
• Hort, however, holds that In I P 20 i» -yp^^ cannot mean ' In S<Tipture,' nur even ' in a pas.sage of Scripture,' but uuit meeu simply ' iu writing,' as Sir 393a 42? 44^ eto.