Martc Twe ifiiitfi7ix49Tm stands in the subscription to Genesis in Codex B ; irapat i^tf(jLt»;*«yT« stands at the end of Proverbs in C ; ii TMt il3iofcKiuiiTet txeteti in the note of (^ before Isaiah ; >-, tu» e tor op') ipfjtyittJtA (or ixio^t!), and shorler oS «' (or «^), became a common expression, especially subsequent to the labours of Origen in textual criticism (ad A/ricanurn, § 5, t^v iptxytn'^a* TMy i$iiu.r.3uiiTx ; in ill. XV. 14, rracpii roif c) ; see Hexapla, ed. Field, i. p. xlviii B. ; and the ' testimouia ' at the end of Wend- land's edition of Ari^teas.
Augustine [de Civit. Dei, xviii. 42 = Eugippius, p. 1018, Knoell) writes: 'post Ule (Philadelphus) etiam interpretes postulavit : et dati sunt septua- ginta duo, de singulis duodecim tribubus seni homines, linguje utriusqutj doctissimi, Hebrsese scilicet atque Grajcje, quorum interpretatio ut Septuaginta vorctur, iam obtinuit consuetudo.' Where and when the word 'Septuagint' first makes its appearance in English we cannot tell.* On title-pages of editions it occurs subsequent to the editio Sixtina of 1587: n iraXaia SiaOriKT] Kara. Tovs ((i5oiJ.-r}KovTa, Vetus Testamentum iuxta Sep- tiKigiiita (in the reprint of Paris, 1G28 : secundum LA'X). Tlie London reprint of 1653 adds Inter- prelum, writing ex verHune Septiutginta Interpre- tum ; and this has been retained in all following reprints.
An edition of Bagster (1821) is entitled, sfcundum Septua- ginta Seniorum iiUertrrctationein ( = lren;eu9, lii. xxi. 2, i^httu.^- *fl*T« vptff^i,Ttpot, in L.atin septuaginta setiiores).i The English form 'Septuagint' occurs in the title of an edition of Bagater, as well as in that of the Cambridge edition of Swete (The OT in Greek according to the Septrutgint), and the great Oxford Concordance of iiat<:h-Redpath (A tjoncordance to the Sep- tuagint and the other Greet: Versions), The Dictionnaire tie VAcadimie Fran^aise^f gives only the plural, Les Septante, la vertian del Septante, la traduction da SeplaiUe-t
In English as in German it became common to use the word as singular, supplying ' version,'
critic and to the expositor, and it« serviceB are welcomed by students both of the Old Test, and of the New."
From this point of view, Prof. Ferd. Hitzig of Heidelberg, one of the acutest commentators on the OT, used to open his academical courses on OT exegesis with the question to his students: 'Gentlemen, have you a Septuagint? If not, sell whatever you have, and buy a Septviagint.'
Even the student of early English cannot succeed without a knowledge of it. When he reads in king Aelfred the word to the serpent (Gn 31-*), 'on dinre wauibe 07id on dinum brei'ntuiii du Bcealt snican,* he ought to know that the words in italio go back through the medium of the Old Latin Bible to the LXK, and that it is therefore out of place to print beside them the Latin Vulgate of Jerome, wliich rest* on the Hebrew, as has been done by A. S. Cook, Biblical Quotations in Old Ewjlish Prose Writers (Lond. 1898 ; cf. the notice of Max Foerster in Knglinc-he Studign, xxviii. p. 421). The English Church retained BubsLantially the LXX in the Prayer-Book version of the Psalms and in her Liturgy. — No words of praise are spared by E. W. Orinflel<J(^po;o<7)/): he calls the LXX the viaduct between the OT and NT, the vestibule of the Christian Church, the first interpreter of the OT and the sole canonical of the NT, the bond of union between Jews and Gentiles, the morning star before the sun of righteousness, the ke.v of the 8.acred trcasur>', the light of the Alexandrian Pharos, the sacred amalgam ; he who studirs the L.\.\ is declared to be in no danger of falling into neologj* (p. 173). Grinfield also riyhtly refers to the intro- duction of ita study by .Vlaltby at Durham, .\rnold at Rugby ; to its recommendation by great philologists like Valckenaer, Ueinsius (Vot exeinplaria graca, etc).
• On book titles cf. W. Wall, The Ute of the Septuagint Translation, 1730 ; Charles Hayes, A Vindication of the History of the Septuagint, 1736 ; Letters to a Friend conceniijuj the Septuagint, 1769; H. Owen, An Enquiry into the Present State of the Septuagint Version of the OT, 17(J9. OrmQe\d (Apologt/, p. 157) usee the adjective ' Septuagintal MSS,' and calls Bp. Pearson (p. 177) ' the best Septuagintalist.'
t The adjective 'sept\iagintaviralis' we have found In titles of dissertations aince lti.11, 1706, etc.
: In Italian, ' L& Vcrsione de' Settaota,* ' t Sett&Dtft.
' Ubersetzung,' * though of course the plural is also used, especially when Septuaginta is translated into the vernacular, 'the Seventy,' 'die Siebenzig.' Many scholars now prefer ' tlie Alexandrian ' or ' the Greek version of the OT,' or ' the OT in Greek.' We retain here the familiar name 'Sep- tuagint,' for which 'LXX' has been hitherto the usual abbreviation, but for which the modem sign ffi t is still more convenient.
A frequent designation among the old Greek WTiters was also i) Koifii iKOocnt, or merely ij xoin), ' the common, the Vulgate edition,' in contradis- tinction to the Hebrew text and the later Greek versions ; cf., for instance, Basil, i. 447 D, on Is 2-- fV rots dvTtyp(i(pots rijs koiptjs iKbbaeoi^ oxi KilroA raura, dXV iy t<^ 'E^patKy Kci^j-evov 4k twv Aoiirdw lj.(T(KoixLir6rt. In the writings of Jerome i] Koirq has a more definite signification assigned to it, on wliich see p. 445''. Other designations are : ^ iKKXriaiaoTiK^ ^/cSoffis (Gregory of TAys&a.,,in Psalm. 8) ; Td dirriypa<pa ttjs iKKXricrias (Origen) ; rd Tifurepa dirrlypaipa (Eusebius, in Psalm, ed. Mai, 591).