Neubauer appears to be right (against Graetz, Gesch. d. Ju<it-n% iii. IS'2) iu cotitcnding that it is the inhabitants of the maritime Sharon and not of the Galilasan 5arofias [see l)elow], on whose bt-balf a special petition is said to have been intro- duced into the high priest's prayer for the people on the Day of Atonement. This petition ran: 'May God watch over the inhabitanta of Sharon, that tiiey be not buried iu the ruins of their houaes.'
The Shulammite compares herself to the ' rose [an unfortunate rendering; njivsn is the tchite narcissus, see Cheyne on Is 35' and cf. art. Rose above] of Sharon' and the 'lily [[nob. some flower of a red colour] of the (Jordan) valleys' (Q'poy), Ca2'.
There is some doubt as to the identity of the Sharon of Jos 12" [where read pi}'^ pji; iVj 'king of Aphelf in Sharon'; see Lassuakon]. It has been proposed (e.g. by Dillm. ad loc.) to find here the Saronas which Eusebius (Onomast. 296. 6) says was the name given to the region between ^U. Tabor and Tiberias — a statement confirmed by the name San'ma still attaching to a ruin on this plateau [PEF Mem. vol. i. sheet vi.). This pro- positi appears, however, to be unnecessary, especi- ally in view of the evidence (see 0. A. Smith, IldllL* 300, 401 f., and s.v. ' Aphek' in Em-i/i: liibl.) in favour of the existence of an ApheV in the maritime Sljaion (cf. W. R. Smith, OTJC 273, 435, audi.!). ' XyXwV' \n Enrijc. liibl. ; H. P. Smith, Saiiiud, 31. Buhl, GAP 212 f., 218, leaves it un-
* It Is not at all likely that the title i ipvfxii Is due to any connexion, real or supposed, between the Ueb. thdrun and the Qr. r»pt,„t, a verv rare term for an oak (Pliny, UH iv. 6, quoted by Beland, Pat. 100).
•478
SHARONITK
SHAVSHA
decidcii whether it is the maritime or the Galiliean Sharon tlirit is meant in Jos 12").
The only NT reference to Sharon is Ac 9" (4 ^apiiv, whence AV Saron), in connexion with St. Peter's stay at Lvdda. For further details regard- ini; Sharon see Buhl, GAP 103 ff. ; and G. A. Smith, HGHL ' 147 fi'., where a full account is fjiven of its strategic importance and the part it played in post- biblical history.
2. (in? [without art.] ; B Ttpii/j., A lapuv) 1 Ch 5". This Sharon (|| Gilead and Bashan) is prob- ably the same as the Mishur (also from root iw-), or elevated plateau between the Arnon and tlie Jabbok (Dt 3'» 4« Jos 139. is- 17.21 20", .Jer 488- =', 2 Ch 26'"). See vol. ilL p. 30^^ footnote, and p. 893'', s. 5. J. A. Selbie.
SHARON ITE.— See preceding article.
SHARUHEN (innp ; ol i.-/po\ airCJv ; Sareon).—A town in .Jndali which was allotted to Simeon (Jos 19*). It appears as Shilhim in 15* and as Shaaraim in 1 Ch 4=" ; see ShaaraIM (2).
SHASHAI i'^v ; BA Xerel, Luc. Sei-ffWp).— One of the sons of Bani who had married a foreign wife, Ezr lU«=SESisof 1 Es9«.
SHASHAK (pp?*).— The eponyra of a Benjamite family, 1 Ch 8'-'- (B S(.))c^X)=» (B"Xa.n)/c ; in both pas- sages A has ZoKT^K, Luc. Zurdx)-
SHAUL (SiKji, 2ao!!\).— 1. A king of Edom, On 36"'- [JE] = 1 Ch l'^'- He belonged to ' Rehoboth by the River.' See Rehoboth. 2. A son of Simeon, Gn 461" [R] (A SaMow?X, D •" ^no.'X, B den-i), Ex 6'^ Nu 26" [both P], 1 Ch 4^". The clan of which he is the eponyra was of mixed Isr. and Can. descent, hence Shaul is called in Gn 46'° and Ex 6'=^ 'the son of the Canaanitess.' See Gene- alogy, II. 2. In Nu 26'' the patronymic Shaulites (-SLsrn, Sijfios i ^aoi'\ei) occurs. 3. An ancestor of Samuel, 1 Ch 6=^ f> (called in v.^ (^'i Joel. See Joel, No. 3).
SHAYEH, The Vale of (.11^ ptE ; A Trji- Koi\dda Ti]i' -aO-ijv, D T. K. T. Zavfi; vallis Save). — A broad valley (one/:), known also as ' the king's vale' ((Jn 14"), which was near Salem. It is apparentlj' the same place as ' the king's dale] (^^-n P:?V 2 S 18"), in which Absalom set up a pillar or monument. According to Josephus {Ant. VU. x. 3), this monu- ment was two statlia from Jerusalem. If the view that Salem was Jerusalem be correct, the valley of Sliaveh was possibly the broad open head of the valley of Hinnom which, lower down, contracts to a ravine. See Salem. C. \V. Wilson.
SHAYEH-KIRIATHAIM (:n.np .-rip ; i, Za,-i, rg v6\ei ; Save Cariathnim). — A place in which Chedor- laomer smote the Emim (Gn 14°). If the reading in AVm and RVm 'the plain of Kiriathaim' be correct, the spot must have been near Kiriathaim (Jer 48'- =^, Ezk 25') in Moab, which has been identi- iied with el-Kureiydt between Dibon and Medeba.
C. W. Wilson.
SHAVING.— Two Heb. words are used with this meaning, it; ' cut oil',' ' shear ' (wool, 1 S 25^), ' shave ' (one's head, Joli V, Mic 1") ; n^3 to make smooth or bald, to shave or shear (Nu 6'-", Dt21>=etc.). The ancient Egj-ptians, according to '\^'ilkinson {Anc. Egyp.), considered shaving the hair, not of the head only but of the whole body, necessary to cleanliness. Joseph, when summoned to the presence of Pharaoh, ' shaved himself and changed Ills raiment,' Gn 41". The same custom is ob- served by many Hindu sects at the present time. In cases of mourning the hair was allowed to