. KP'TIX.
J vrhbt K,T03n (read K^nfrl)-
t D'D-naT ISO. 5 loi'-in. ^ ktdh -a.
SYRIAC VERSIONS
SYRIAC VERSIONS
651
(Erit. Mils.) it is stated that the (S3-riac) Psalter was translated from the Palestinian into Hebrew, according to the translation of Symmachus the Samaritan. Otlier Psalters have the heading K?^rcn, which is intelligible of the Gospels of the Separate (see pp. 640, 648), but scarcely of the Psalms. (Does it mean a Cliurch-Psalter, detached from the ISible?*) Manj- liturgical additions are found in the Church-Psalters (see, e.g., the edition of Bcdjan, which contains, of 'Canticles' at the end of the Psalter, Ex 15, Is 42, Dt 32).
Besides the books of the Greek and Hebrew Bibles, complete MSS called KaBoXiKol or vav- iiKTr)t (KopijB IK K'p'Mnxp), like the cod. Ambro- eianus, have preserved tlie Apocalypse of Baruch.t 4 Ezra, 4 and 5 Maccabees,J i.e. the history of Samuna, and Josephus BJ v. Apart from fiible MSS, many other pieces of apocr\phal and pseud- epigraphical literature have been preserved to us in Syriac.§ On the Svriac text of Siiach see above, p. 546 ; of Tobit only the version of Paul of Telia IS presers'ed, and this only down to 7" ; the rest is still later. Of the first Book of Maccabees the cod. Ambrdsianus preserved a second recension.
4. C/iariirter of the Version. — The value of the Version varies greatly, as it is not the work of a single hand. The Pentateuch keeps close to the Heb. text and Jewish exegesis, but lias interesting details ; it knows, for Instance, or thinks it knows, that the rare word ."nna denotes the ' parasang.' Genesis, Isaiah (30^ 46'- •), the Twelve, the Psalter, show marks of having been influenced by the Septuagint ; II Kuth is paraplirastic. Job literal. Chronicles like a Targum ; tlie version of Pro- verl)s has beon used by the Targumists. Many of the books of the OT have been made the subject of special studies, Avhose results we now possess, mostly in the shape of Inaugural Dissertations ; but new investigations are necessary.
5. Editions. — The printed text of the Syriac OT is in a most deiilorable state, all editions going back to the Paris Polyglot of Michel le Jay (Paris, 1645). This was reproduced without any note- worthy improvements in Walton's London Poly- plot (1657); Lee reproduced the same text with a tew emendations and several misprints for the British Bible Society (1821). The Urmia edition of the American Missionaries (1852) is a reproduc- tion of Lee in Nestorian characters with Nestorian vowels and witli improved spellings. At last the Dominicans at Mosul published an edition of the Syriac Bible (3 vols. I887-'.)2), which the present writer has not seen, but which, he is afraid, will not satisfy our wants. Ceriani's photolithographic reproduction of the cod. Ambrosianus (1870-81, Milano, 200 frs.) is not within the reach of the general student j and as the editions of Urmia and the Bible Society are scarce or out of print, there is a crying need for a new edition of one of the most important ver.sions of the OT. Only for the Libri Apocri/j/hi or (as he wished afterwards
• See Wriiht'8 Catatngiu of Si/riac 3/.<f.9 in the Brit. ilxa. 1. 116 n., and Church (Juart. lifv.,Avr. ISitf). p. ISO.
t See TAf Apocalppse of liaruch translated /rmn the Syriac, chs. L-lxxvii. from theCth cent. MS in the Ambrosian Library, arxl cb«. lx.\v'H.-lxxxvii. ; Thf Kjn'tttle of Haruch from a neip an-l critiriU text based on the M.'^.^, aiul jnthlinhed herewith. •<lited with Introduction, Notea, and Indices by it. IL Charted, London, 1896.
: riie Fourth Book of Maeeaieeti and Kindred DoaimenU in .t'iriae : edited by the late It. L. Bensly ; witli Introduction and Tmnslnlion iiy W. E. li.arnes, Cambridge, IWNi.
« ' The Colloquy ot Mosea on Mount Sinai,' by Isaoc H. Hall jText and TranBl'ation] (Hrhraica, vii. 8, Apr. ISOl, 101-177); K. H. Charles, The Hthiupia Vertion of the Hebrew Book of Jul/iteet, Oxt 1895, App. ill. ; 'The Apocalj'pse of Adam' (ed. Kenan, Joum. A: v. 2 (ISia), 427 It.); James, Apocrypha Ante- dota.
tl W. Emerv Barnes, 'On the Influence of the Septuatfint on the Pe»'iitU''(./r/i5t, li. 186, 187); J. tted. lienr. The Inflwnct tf the Smlvat/int upon tht Pri\(til Platter (Diss. Columbia Coll.), New York, 1896, p. v, loa
to entitle the book) Libri Dcuterocanonici we liav» the edition of P. de Lagarde (Lips. 1801). The country of Ussher, who intended himself to bring out such an edition, the cuiiiitry of Walton and ol Buchanan, has here a task to discharge that will amply reward itself.*
LrrERATmB. — A. Cerianl, *Ie edizionl e 1 roanoscrittl delle
versione Siriache del vecchio testamento* (ls(I9, Atti of the L'jtnbardian Institute); Bernstein ('.Syrische Sludicn' in ZDMG iii. 3S7-396; Emendations); Alfr. Ilahlfs, 'Beitrage zur Text- kritik der I'eschita ' (^^7'ir, 18S9, 161-210); R. Gottheil, 'Zur Textkritik der Pe^i^tA' {Mitteilungen de9 akadnnischen orien- talUichm Vereiru ju Berlin, No. 2, 1SS9, 21-28) ; J. Prager, de Veterit Teitainenti vergione S/piaca, quam Pescliittho vacant, (TU/Bstioneg criticCB, pt. L, Gottingae, 1875; J. A. Edgren, 'The Peshito' (Hebrew Student, i. i. 1882); P. J. Gloag, 'The early Syriac Versions '(The Monthly Interpreter, April l&8j, p. 244 ff.) ; G. Hoffmann, Opuecula SL'Moriana, Kiel, l&SO, and *mr Ges^^b des syr. Bibeltextes' (^jl J'll', 1881, p. 159 IT.).