iii. HeEpReEw Papyri.—If papyrus was used in Palestine at all as writing material (see art.
EXTRA VOL.—23
WRITING, /.c. § ii.), no specimens of it could be
expected to survive in that country ; and even in
Alexandria, where the colony of learned Jews no
doubt possessed copies of the Hebrew Scriptures
on papyrus, the soil is too damp to admit of their preservation, Consequently it is not surprising that, up to a very recent date, no Hebrew papyrus was known to exist. The first publication (contain- ing fragments of prayers and business documents, from papyri-in the Berlin Museum) was made by
Steinschneider in 1879; but these are not earlier
than the 7th century. Portions of a liturgical
papyrus-codex, assigned to the 9th cent., are in the Cambridge University Library, and there are
a few fragments at Oxford and Vienna. Far
earlier and more valuable than these is a fragment
acquired in 1902 by Mr. W. L. Nash, and by him presented to the Cambridge University Library.
It is assigned on palzographical grounds to the
2nd cent. after Christ, though the materials for
comparison (consisting mainly of inscriptions) are very scanty. It contains the Ten Command- ments and the commencement of the Shema‘
(Dt 64%), in a text differing markedly from the
Massoretic. The Decalogue is in a form nearer to
Dt 5°"! than to Ex 20+”. The Sixth and Seventh
Commandments are transposed, as in Cod. B and
in Lk 18%. The Shema‘ immediately follows the
Decalogue, but has the introductory words, ‘'These
are the statutes and the judgments which Moses
commanded the children of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt,’ which appear in the LXX (and OL). So far as it goes, there- fore, this interesting fragment tends to support the theory that the LXX not infrequently repre- sents a genuine pre-Massoretic Hebrew text.
(S. A. Cook, PSBA xxv. 34, 1903).
iv. GREEK PAPyRI.—Up to the present time, out of all the great mass of Greek papyri which have been brought to light, not many have any direct bearing on the Bible text or history. Never- theless, all lists speedily become antiquated by the publication of fresh discoveries. The following list is believed to be complete up to June 1903 :—
A. Biblical texts *—
1. Gn 1*°%, in versions of LXX and Aquila. 4th cent. Amherst Pap. 3c (Grenfell and Hunt, Amherst Papyri, pt. 1.).
2. Gn 147; probably a quotation in a theo- logical treatise, since the text on the verso, in the same hand, is not biblical. 3rd cent. Brit. Mus. Pap. 212.
3. Ex 191256 Dt 32°20, 6th cent. Am- herst Papp. 191, 192 (op. cit. pt. ii.).
3a. 2815*8-161. 4theent. Strassburg Pap. 911. Archiv. f. Papyrusforschung, ii. 227.
Aon Oldies 27s
(ib. pt. 1.). . Ps 512, 5th or 6th cent. Amherst Pap. 5. . Ps 10 (11)?-18 (19)® 20 (21)*4-84 (35) ° 7th cent. Brit. Mus. Pap. 37 (‘Tischen- dorf, Mon. Sac. Ined., Nov. Coll. i. 217).
7. Ps 11 (12)7-14 (15)4. Late 3rd cent. Brit. Mus. Pap. 230 (Kenyon, Facsimiles of Biblical MSS., pl. 1).
8. Ps 39 (40)2&40 (41)4. Berlin Museum (Blass, Zeitschr. f. dg. Sprache, 1881).
9, Ps 107 (108) 33 108 (109) !+ 2 1% 28 118 (119) 45 122, 127-135 135 (136) 19-28 136 (137) 1. 6-8 137 (138) 1-3 138 (139) 29-28 139 (140) +6 10-14 140 (141)1-4, with several additional small fragments. 7th cent. or later. Amherst Papp. 6, 200 (Grenfell and Hunt, op. cit. pts. i. and ii).
7th cent. Amherst Pap. 4
So Or
*In addition to the papyri here enumerated, there are several biblical fragments in the Rainer collection at Vienna and the Bibliotheque Nationale at Paris, as to which no precise details have yet been published.
354 PAPYRI
10. Ca 15°. 7th or 8th cent. Bodl. MS. Gr. Bibl. g. 1 (P) (Grenfell, Greek Papyri,
ib Oy 11. Is 38°: 1516, 3rd cent. Rainer Pap. 8024 (Fihrer durch die Ausstellung, 1894, No. 3
536).
12. Ezk 5-6, with Hexaplaric symbols. 3rd cent. Bodl. MS. Gr. Bibl. d. 4 (P) (Grenfell, Greek Papyri, i. 5).
13. Zec 4-Mal 4. ‘7th cent.(?) Heidelberg University Library (Specimen facs. in Times, Sept. 7, 1892; to be edited by
Deissmann),. 14, Mt 12% 1214-20, 3rd cent. Pennsylvania Univ. Library (Grenfell and Hunt,
Oxyrhynchus Papyri, i. 2).
15. Lk 174-80 58-8 59064. 4th cent. Paris, Bibl. Nat. (Scheil, Mém. de la Miss. arch. francaise aw Caire, ix.).
16) Lk 73 10%, 6th cent. 8021 (Fiihrer, No. 539).
D7 18st SoS OE t 1020 ord ecentsme siits Mus. Pap. 782 (Grenfell and Hunt, Oxy. Pap. ii. 208).
18. Ro 1+’. 4th cent. Library (ib. ii. 209).
19. 1 Co }! - 20 G}8 - 18 73. 4, 10-14. Uspensky Collection at Kiew.
QOS WIC ozo 05-8 3 e120 ouhl es CONUS b, Catherine’s, Sinai (Harris, Biblical Fraq- ments from Mt. Sinai, No. 14).
21.2Th 13-27, 4th or 5th cent. Museum P. 5013.
22. He 14. 8rd or 4th cent. Amherst Pap. 36 (Grenfell and Hunt, Amherst Papyri, pt. 1.).
B. Extra-canonical writings—
23. Fragment from narrative of St. Peter’s denial, consisting of parts of seven lines. 3rd cent. (?) Rainer Pap. (Bickell, Mitth. Erzh. Rainer, i. 52).
24, Logia Jesu; one leaf, containing seven sayings of our Lord, with remains of an eighth. The first (imperfect) agrees, so far as it goes, with Lk 6”; part of the sixth is nearly identical with Lk 4%; the seventh is an expansion of Mt 5'4; the rest are new. Found at Oxyrhynchus. 3rd cent. Bodl. MS. Gr. th. e. 7 (P) (Grenfell and Hunt, Sayings of owr Lord).