3. The third of the great compilers, Euthymius Zigabenus, author of the Panoplia Dogmatica, was a younger contemporary of pap ean and flourished under the emperor Alexius Comnenus, e. 1100 A.D. OC. F. Matthei, the first editor of the original Greek of Euthymius’ commentary on the Gospels, had found at Munich a MS of Euthy- mius on Romans and 1 Corinthians. But it is a Greek scholar, Nicolas Kalogeras, late archbishop of Patras, to whom the publication of the com- mentary on the Pauline epistles is due (Athens, 1887, 2 vols.). Kalogeras’ preface, pp. 61-64, gives an interesting account of his search after a com- plete MS, which he found at last in MS er. 6 (seec. xiv.) of the Casatensian Library at Rome. The title of the commentary runs, according to the MS: ‘Epunvela r&v émiarod@y Tov meyddou dro- oréXov Ilavdov didomovws epavicbeioa, uddiora pev amd Ths eEnyjoews Tov év aylois marpos judy "Iwdvvov Tov Xpvoocrduov, ert 6é kal did diadipwy &d\\wv Twarépwy, guveiceveyKovTos Tia Kal TOU TavTyY Epavicauévou TOD ZiyaBnvot Evduutov wovaxod. Besides Chrysostom, the chief sources used are said to be Basil and Gregory Nazianzen ; but the citations are all made anony- mously.* The agreement with Theophylact is often exact and verbal (Ehrhard in Krumbacher, pp. 84, 134). The order of the Pauline epistles in the MS is Romans, 1 and 2 Cor., Gal., Eph., Col., Philem., 1 and 2 Thess., Phil., Heb., land 2 Tim., Titus.
4. Nicetas of Serrae, deacon of St. Sophia and afterwards archbishop of Heraclea, was another younger contemporary of Theophylact, and author of well-known Catenz upon some of the Gospels and on the Epistle to the Hebrews. His claim to be regarded as author also of a Catena on the Pauline epistles rests on the evidence of the title of a single Florence MS, Laur. ix. 10, sxe. xii.: "Héqynos Too paKapwwrdrov juntporwoNtrov [Nexjra] “Hpakdelas eis Tas émisrokas Tod dylov IlavAov Tod dmoorédov: the name Nexjra is not even by the original scribe, though he was presumably the person meant. A specimen of this MS, extending over chapters 1-8 of 1 Corinthians, was published in vol. v. of Jo. Lamius’ Delicie eruditorum (Florence, A.D. 1738). It contains passages labelled with the name of Oecumenius, and on comparison with the printed text of the latter it is plain that the relation between the two Catenz of ‘ Oecu- menius’ and ‘ Nicetas’ is exceedingly close—so close that it is obvious to conjecture that the title of the Florence MS is @ mere scribe’s figment, and that the MS itself simply represents one of the numerous subdivisions of the ‘Oecumenian’ tradi- tion. Still, the texts do not run quite on all fours with one another: as a rule, Lamius’ text is only an abbreviated and corrupted form of the printed Oecumenius, but every now and then comes a section which is peculiar to the ‘ Nicetas’ text ; and, until more has been done for a critical edition of Oecumenius, it is hardly possible to be certain that the Florence MS may not, after all, embody a recension by Nicetas of the Oecumenian Catena.+
* Except in the commentary on the Catholic epistles, vol. ii. pp. 478-664, which, however, is probably not by Euthymius.
t+ Dr. J. Sickenberger, ‘Die Lukaskatene des Niketas von Heraklea’ (Teate und Untersuchungen, N.F. vii. 4, A.D. 1902), p. 21, complicates the question still further by calling attention to the somewhat parallel title of a Paris Catena (MS. gr. 228, sec, xili, fol. 12): “Epunvelon tx tiv Epuenvesdiv rod Bovaycepias [se, Theophylact] cis ev ovvober cis res 10" bxioronces Tod deyiov &rorroAov Tlataov épuvcbeion rope Nixiva rod Serwvoroiac. But at pres-
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PATRISTIC COMMENTARIES 487
5. Besides the three compilers, Oecumenius, Theo-
phylact, and Euthymius, we have also in print the Catena on the Pauline epistles which Dr. J. A. Cramer, principal of New Inn Hall, published at Oxford between 1841 and 1844; it must, however, be remembered that Cramer’s Catena, unlike the books hitherto mentioned, is not homogeneous, but is drawn from different MS sources for the different epistles. The volume on Romans, published last of all the epistles in 1844, is sufficiently described below in connexion with the list of Karo and Lietz- mann (d and ¢, p. 488”), with Origen (p. 492), and with Dionysius of Alexandria (p. 497%). The vol- ume on 1 and 2 Corinthians (A.D. 1841) is itself not uniform ; the Catena on the First Epistle, drawn from MS Paris gr. 227, sec. xvi., is of high value, and contains, for instance, over 80 references to Origen (see again, for this MS, Karo and Lietz- mann, @, p. 488”); while that on the Second, of which Paris gr. 223, sec. xi., was the source, does not differ widely from Oecumenius ; two Bodleian MSS, Auct. T. 1. 7, sec. xi., and Roe 16, sec. x., supplied some material (collected at the end of the volume) for the correction of the Oecumenian -printed’ text.* The third volume (A.D. 1842) and the greater part of the fourth (A.D. 1848) consist of a Catena on the epistles from Galatians to Hebrews inclusive, taken from Paris coislin gr. 204, sec. x.; while the remainder of vol. iv. is made up of a second Catena (Nicetas’) on Hebrews, from Paris gr. 238, sec. xiii, Portions of these Catenze are, at least in their present and printed form, anonymous; some of the shorter epistles have only a colophon appended to them, indicat- ing in a general way their sources—Chrysostom, Severian, Theodore of Mopsuestia (see below on Severian, p. 507°); but, on the whole, Cramer’s volumes present a marked contrast ;to the other Gates texts above enumerated in the vastly arger number of cases where the Patristic au- thorities are expressly cited, and his convenient indexes to each volume make it fairly easy to derive such a general conclusion as is embodied in the following table. The names are arranged in the order in which they are dealt with in this article, that is to say, in rough chronological order. Chrysostom occurs everywhere (except, strange to say, in the first of the two Catenze on Romans), and is therefore not named. Authors named only once or twice are omitted. The Epistle to the Hebrews is left out of account :—