9. Dignity.— An attribute commanding respect and reverence is closely connected with the above. The Baptist declared Christ to be immeasurably above himself (Jn 1=^), while Christ described him as the greatest of the prophets because His fore- runner (Mt IP-'") ; the disciples 'were afraid to ask him ' (Mk 9'=, cf . Jn 4=') ; those who came to arrest Him fell to the ground (Jn 18^, cf lO'i' RV), and Pilate was the more afraid hearing His claim to be the Son of God (Jn 19*) ; note His silence (Mt 26«='-, Mk W; Lk 23^). Other feelings, how- ever, than reverence for His dignity were also excited, e.g. repulsion in the demoniacs (Lk 4'^) and in the Gerasenes (Mk 5") ; wrath (Lk 4=*) ; shame in His adversaries, joi/ in the multitude (Lk 13") ; consciousness of unworthiness in the centurion (Mt 8'), and of sinfulness in Petei (Lk 5»).
10. Restraint in the use of Power This attri- bute is strongly marked. Christ never used His Divine power for His own benefit (Mt 4=') nor for destroying life (on apparent exceptions, Mk 5>^, Mt 211", see Comm.}. He restrained it that the
Scriptures might be fulfilled (Mt 26"), and His exercise of it was often limited by want of faith on the part of those present (Mt 13*).
iii. Attributes BELONtiiNc; to Christ's true Human Nature. — Becoming truly man. He took ujion Him our nature as the Fall had left it, with its limitations, its weaknesses, and its ordinary feelings so far as they ai'e not tainted by sin. He partook of flesh and blood, and in all things was made like unto His brethren (He 2"- ", cf. Ro 8'). He possessed a true human will, but ever subject to the guidance of the Divine will (Jn 6™, Mt2633) ; a. human soul (<pvxh, Mt26^, Jn 12=7) and a h%mian spirit (TifeO/m, Mk 2^, Lk 23^«, Jn 11=3, i j. 3'*); He was representative Man (1 Co 15==); all which is implied in ' the Word became flesh ' (6 Adyos adpi iyivero, Jn 1'^). The Permanence of His Manhood is evident since He was recognized after the Resurrection (cf. Jn 20=') and ascended with His glorified body into Heaven ; there He inter- cedes as our High Priest (He 4" etc. ), and will one day come again in like manner as He was seen to go into heaven (Ac 1").
1. Limitation of Power seems to be implied in the Incarnation ; it is noted especially by St Mark, who has several passages expressing inability (ou Svvaaeai., Mk P^ T* and 6^ which compare with Mt 13=»).
2. Limitation of Knowledge is distinctly asserted by Jesus Himself on one point (Mt 24* RV, Mk 13==, cf. Ac 1', He lO'S). In His childhood He grew, ' becoming full of wisdom ' (irX-qpoiiJievov) ; He ad- vanced (vpoiKOTTTe) in wisdom (Lk 2'"'- ==) ; the story of the fig-tree implies that He expected to find fruit (fjkeev d &pa evprjirei. n iv airrri, Mk 11"). He prayed as if the future were not clear (Mt 26=*) ; He asked questions for information (Mt 9="*, Mk 6=» 8=3. 27 gsi^ Lk 8»», Jn U*'), cf. Mk 11"-
3. Astonishment and Surprise.— In two cases only is Jesus said to have marvelled ^eav^J.6.^(lv, Mk e**, Lk 7'), but surprise is ilnplied at His parents (Lk 2-"); at the disciples' slowness of faith and understanding (Mk 4'"' 7"*); at the sleep of Simon (Mk 14=') ; cf. Mk 14=^ wliere a very strong word is used of the Agony ((Kea/jL^e7a8ai,' to be ' struck with amazement').
4. Need of Prayer and Communion with the Father is apparent from many passages. Some- times He continued all night in prayer (Lk 6'=). It was associated with great events in His life (Lk 3=1 6'=- 13 gi*- =«, Jn 12=' ; Mt 263s'-||, cf. He 5') ; it is mentioned after days of busy labour (Mt 14=', Mk 1=5, Lk 5i«). He offered thanks also (Mt 11=*, Jn IP'). Jesus prayed for His disciples (Lk 22==, Jn 17), and taught them to pray (Mt C", Lk IP), but He never gathered them to pray with Him. Compare also Mt 14'9 19", Lk IP 24=» etc.
5. Temptation was a reality to Jesus (Mt 4i-" ||), Satan left Him only for a season (Lk 4'= ; cf. Lk 22^=, Jn 14=»). It came also from Peter (Mt 16=^) and His enemies (Lk 1P=); cf. Lk 22=» {i,- tois Tupa.aiJ.oii iiov) ; He was ' in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin ' (x^/ais afiapHas, He 4").
6. Suffering came from such temptation (He 2") ; but the word irdcxxuv is specially used of the last days of His earthly life. Thus the prophecy of the Suftering Servant in Isaiah was fulfilled (Mk 9'=, Lk 24='^- '"' ; cf. d TTa0r,rbs 6 Xpurris, Ac 26==). Peter's confession at Ciesarea Philippi marked the time when Jesus began to emphasize this side of the Messianic prophecies (Mt 16=', cf. Mt 4"). The only absolute use of the word in the Gospels occurs in Lk 22'5. (See 'Sorrow' below.) By suftering He learned the moral discipline of human experi- ence. He was ' made perfect ' and ' learned obedi- ence ' (He 2"> 58- 8), so that He can be &pattern and example for Christians (1 P 2=', 1 Jn 2« 3»). He exhibited /«i<A (He 3=- ») and trust (Jn IP"-, He 2'")