Literature. — Gloel, Der hciliffe Geist in der Beilsverkiindi-
qunil (fi's Pauhi.s, ISSS ; Gvinlit-i, Die Wirhinrjen (Jcs hciligen Grii'r'r Isi'V lr^•iIl- F. Wood, Th^ 5^t.>V.V m (!■■■! n, BiljUcal
JamIvs Denney.
HOLY THING (t6 4710;').— 1. Lk P= AV ' There- fore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.' RV prefers to render, ' Wherefore also that which is to be born shall be called holy, the Son of God.' On the expression t6 yeww/i.ei'ov cf. Mt 1"" t6 . . . yevvriBiv, and for the use of S.yios applied to our Lord, see artt. Holy One, Holiness.
2. Mt 7* ixr] SCrre rb dyiOf toU Kval.—Tb Hyiov is usually taken to refer here to .sacrificial meat or the proWsion of the priests. So Lange, Alford, and most Comm. ; but Meyer objects to this as requiring to be more precisely designated, and urges that Christ has in view ' the holy ' in general, and that what is meant by this is the holi/, because Divine, evangelic truth by which men are converted. The fundamental idea of &yi.os is consecration : t6 i£7io>', that which is consecrated or .set apart to the service of God ; its general opposite would be /3^/3j7Xo5, ' profane.' (See Westcott on He 7°" and literature of HOLY One generally).
In Christian writings we find rd dyta used for the gifts as ottered in the oftertory or protliesis, i.e. the act of setting forth the oblation, and also for the consecrated gifts ; thus in the Liturgy of the Nes-
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torians we find the direction : ' Ami wlieii tlie people have received the holy thing, the priest,' etc. (See Brightman, Liturgies Eastern and Western, pp. 122, 301, 379, 398). J. B. Beistow.
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1 BbicSt des Ln„ t p 1 .if) bl b 1 d I ula be o e-vt rcss on at h s father s and ,tei u-vted Fr phrase kcz h % The Vulg in Ji 19°' 1 as r ct parallel & t
2 The Gosi cK all 1 1 us a few ^yta\ ses of domes tic interiors, forming a part of the simple back- ground of the life of Jesus. We see the common domestic shadows of sickness and death beclouding the home of Simon Peter {Mk 1™), of Jalius (Mk 5--), of the Roman officer (Mt 9?- ^), of Lazarus and liis sisters (Jn 11), and of others. Homely joys are illustrated in the marriage at Cana (Jn 2), in the sojourn of Jesus as a guest in the home at Bethany (Lk 1(P, Jn 121- -). Hospitality and entertaining are again exemplified in the case of Levi (Lk 5-') and of Simon the Pharisee (Lk 7^). The ever- fresh interest attendant on the birth of a child as a notable incident in home life finds illustration in the story of the birth of John the Baptist (Lk J57. 58) \Y^e ijave sight, too, of the sumptuous domestic establishments of the luxurious rich (Lk 16'"' -"), in contrast with the simple abodes of the mass of the people and the condition of the home- less poor.
No people ever prized the sanctities and blessings of the home more than the Jews. Their wonderful legislation bearing on domestic atl'airs, the senti- ments th.-il (iii.l c.Ni.rrssiDii iTi Tss !'27. 120, and in the pancuyrir of the (I..,,.! Wife (rrSl'"-^'), the importaii.r ali.irliin.^ lollir, f,-iinilv as the unit of national life, :ill licir witness tu this. The whole system of feasts and fasts, joyous and solemn, including the weekly Sabbaths and the yearly commemorations and seasons,— a system imparting so much colour and interest to the life of the people — also strongly tended to deepen the domestic sentiment, the home being to so large an extent the theatre for the prescribed rites and observ- ances.
The general conditions of Jewish home life in our Lord's day ottered marked points of contrast with what largely obtains among Western peoples. The greatest simplicity in the matter of meals and clothing, and the fewness of other wants, con- tributed to an easier condition of life in general. Grinding poverty was by no means common. Every man had a trade, and every father had to teach his son a trade ; but a man was not obliged to toil long hours for a bare living. There was considerable leisure, and the Palestinian Jew had much time for contemplation, like the Arab of to- day. The man was often abroad in public places, frequenting discussions in the Temple and else- where, and mingling with his fellows. He was also charged with certain religious duties and observances from whicli women were exempt. The place of the woman, on tlie otlier hand, was pre- eminently in the liome. (Note that one of the things desiderated for women in Tit 2'' is that they should be oLKovfiyol). In this respect the Jews shared tlie sentiment of other Orient.al peoples; but the lot of the Jewish woman was much superior
to that of non-Jewish women in the East, and her ]iosition in the home was better than that of the Koman matron of that period. A serious menace to the home, however, existed in the conditions obtaining as regards divorce. We know how Jesus dealt with this great abuse of easy divorce (Ml 10" '° Mt 19' ») Some of the Jewish Rabbis also (as SI ai lai) set thei selves against the 1 \ t tl at 1 It 1 1 (In (1 p ^ lole it IS I 1 1 etter