A'cub (rather Arvph, 'Ajcov<p v. r. 'Aico'v/i, Acwm ; both corruptions for BtuqSovV), another head of the Nethinim that returned from Babylon (1 Esdr. v, 31) ;
evidently the Bakbuk (q. v.) of the genuine texts (Ezra ii, 51 ; Neh. vii, 53).
Aczib. See. Acn/.ir..
Ad, according to Arabian traditions, was the son of Udh, or Uz (the grandson of Shem, Gen. x, 23), and the progenitor of a powerful tribe called the Ad- ites, who settled in Er-liaml, or Sandy Arabia (Abulfe- da, Hist. Ai<t<islam. p. 17, ed. Fleischer). Like the other kindred tribes of those early times, the Aditi s soon abandoned the true worship of God, and set up four idols whom they worshipped: Sdkia, whom they imagined to supply rain ; Hafedha, who preserved them from all foreign and external dangers; Razeka, who provided them with food; and Salema, who restored them from sickness to health (Sale's Koran, p. 122, note). It is said that God commissioned the prophet Hud or Heber to attempt their reformation, but, re- maining obstinate in their idolatry, they were almost all destroyed by a suffocating wind. The few who escaped retired with the prophet Hud to another place. Before this severe punishment they had been visited with a dreadful drought for four years, which killed their cattle, and reduced them to great distress (see D'Herbelot, Bibl. Or. s. v. Houd). They are often mentioned in the Koran, and some writers, on the au- thority of that work, affirm that they were of gigantic stature. See Arabia.
Adad, the Gra^cized form of the name of the idol Iladad (Josephus, Ant. viii, 5, 2); also a less correct form of the name of King Iladad (1 Kings xi, 17, origi- nal). See Hadad.
Ad'adall (Heb. Adadah, Si1}?1??, from the Syr., festival, or perhaps, by reduplication, boundary ; Sept. 'Adadd, v. r. 'ApovijX), a town in the southern part of the tribe of Judah, mentioned between Dimonah and Kedesh (Josh, xv, 22) ; probably situated in the por- tion afterward set off to Simeon (Josh, xix, 1-9). It is possibly the village Gadda mentioned by Eusebius and Jerome (Onomast. s. v. raSSa), lying on the east- ern border of Daroma, opposite the Dead Sea. But see Gadbaii. M. de Saulcy believes that he passed some rui'ns by this name on his way from the southern end of the Dead Sea to Hebron on the high ground after leaving Wady es-Zoweirah {Narrative, i, 3G0, 430).
A'dah (Heb. Adah, fllS, ornament; Sept. 'Ada), the name of two women.
1. The first named of the two wives of the Cainite Lantech, and mother of Jabal and Jubal (Gen. iv, 19, 20, 23). B.C. cir. 3600.
2. The first of the three wives of Esau, being the daughter of Elon the llittite, and the mother of Eli- phaz (Gen. xxxvi, 2, 4, 10, 12, 16). B.C. 1964. She is elsewhere confounded with Basiiematii (Gen. xxvi, 34). See Esau.
Adai'ah (Heb. Adayah, fi",liS|i adorned by Jeho- vah, once in the prolonged form Adaya'hu, WH", 2 Chron. xxiii, 1), the name of several men.
1. (Sept. 'ASata v. r. 'Acai.) The son of Ethni and father of Zerah, of the Levitical family of Ger- shom, in the ancestry of Asaph (1 Chron. vi, 40 I ; ap- parently the same with Iddo, the son of Joah (ver.21 ). B.C. cir. 1530. See Asaph.
2. (Sept. 'ASata v. r. 'AKata.) A son of Shimhi. and chief Benjamite resident at Jerusalem before the captivity (1 Chron. viii, 21), B.C. long post 1612.
3. (Sept. 'Adata, v. r. 'ASatJ) The father ofMaasei- ali, which latter was a "captain of hundred" during the protectorate of Jehoiada (2 Chron. xxiii, I ). B.C. ante K77. He is apparently the same asJoDA tin' sou of Joseph and father of Simeon, among ( Ihrist's mater- nal ancestry ( Luke iii, 30). See GeNEALOGI .
4. (Sept.'EoVid v. r. 'IeSia.) The father of Jedidah and maternal grandfather of King Josiah, a native of Boscath (2 Kings xxii, 1 >. B.C. ante 648.
5. (Sept. 'Adata v. r. 'Avni'«.) A son of Joiarib and
ADALBERT
64
ADAM
father of Hazaiah, of the tribe of Judah (Neh. xi, 5). B.C. considerably ante 536.
6. A priest, son of Jeroham, who held a prominent post in defending the second temple while building (1 Chron, ix, 12, Sept. UlaCia v. r. 'Avaia ; Neh. xi, 12, 'Acuta), B.C. 518.
7. (Sept. 'Adata.) A "son" of Bani, an Israelite who divorced his Gentile wife after the captivity (Ezra x, 29), B.C. 459.
8. (Sept. 'AiViac v- r- 'Aeaia.) Another of the '• sons" of Bani, who did likewise (Ezra x, 39), B.C. 459.
Adalbert. See Adelbert.
Adalbert, archbishop of Prague, was born of a princely Slavonic family, about the year 95G, at Prague. His parents sent him to Magdeburg to enter upon his studies under the archbishop Adalbert, who gave him his own name at confirmation. Upon his return into Bohemia, touched by the death-bed remorse of Diet- mar, bishop of Prague, for not having led a life of greater piety and activity, he at once assumed a peni- tential dress, praying fervently and giving great alms. In 983 he was elected bishop of Prague with the unanimous consent of the people. He made great ef- forts to promote the spiritual welfare of his flock, which was in a fearful state of immorality: among the laity polygamy, and among the clergy inconti- nence were general. Had he been less impatient, he might doubtless have accomplished much more than he did. Finding all his labor in vain, he left his see in 989 by permission of Pope John XV, and retired into the monastery of St. Boniface, at Rome. He was, however, constrained to return to his bishopric, which he again quitted for his monastic retreat; and again was on the point of returning to it, when, finding his people set against him, he finally forsook it, in order to preach the Gospel in Prussia, where he suffered mar- tyrdom, April 23, 997 (after making many converts at Dantzic and in Pomerania), at the hands of seven assassins, whose chief was an idol-priest, and who pierced him with seven lances. Since that period Adalbert has been the patron saint of Poland and Bo- hemia. For a graphic account of him, see Neander, Light in Dark Places, 272. The Martyrologies com- memorate him on the 23d of April. — Neander, Ch. Hist. iii, 322 ; Butler, Lives of Saints, April 23.