Allocution (Lat. allocutio, i. e. an "address') is applied, in the language of the Vatican, to denote specially the address delivered by the pope at the Col- lege of Cardinals in a public consistory. The publica- tion of the resolutions taken in the secret consistories is generallj* accompanied by an allocution, and fre- quently the condition of the Roman Church in the va- rious countries furnishes the subject for it. It may be considered as corresponding in some measure to the official explanations which constitutional ministers give when questions are asked in Parliament, or to the political messages of the French emperor. The court of Rome makes abundant use of this method of address when it desires to guard a principle which it is com- pelled to give up in a particular case, or to reserve a
ALLOM
168
ALLWOERDEN
claim for the future which has no chance of recogni- tion in the present. — Wetzer and Welte, ii, 345.
Al'lom ('AAAw/i v. r. 'ASXwv), one of the "ser- vants of Solomon," whose descendants are said to have returned from the captivity (1 Esdr. v, 34) ; but as the genuine text (Ezra ii, 57) has no such (nor the preceding) name, it is probably an error of copyists or editors for the appellative dWuiv, "of others'" (Fritzsche, Handb. in loc), unless for Amon.
Al'lon (Heb. Allon , "jikx, oak, as often), the name of a place and of a man. See also Allon-bachuth ; Oak.
1. A town on the border of Naphtali, according to the Auth. Vers., between Heleph and Zaanannim (Josh. xix, 33) ; but perhaps rather designating only some remarkable tree as a landmark near the latter place
(nm^a yfcxv [v. r. ^feara] r,h«tj tfbaa ^\
and their border ran from Cheleph, thence from the oak that is by Zaanannim ; Vulg. et ceepit terminus de Heleph, et Eton in Saanim; Sept. icai iytvifir) rd opia uvtojv Mt£\t<p Kal MatjAw Kai "Sttvvavifi), q. d. Allon-Za- anaim, i. e. "the oak of Zaanaim" (since the enu- meration in ver. 38 requires the union of these names as of one place), or "the oak of the loading of tents," as if deriving its name from some nomad tribe fre- quenting the spot (Stanley, Palest, p. 340 note). See Zaanaim. Such a tribe were the Kenites, and in con- nection with them the place is again named in Judg. iv, 11, with the additional definition of " by Kedesh (Naph- tali"). Here, however, the Auth. Vers, following the Vulgate, renders the words " the plain of Zaanaim."
In Josh, xix, 33, '"12N, Allon, is the reading of V. d. Hooght, and of Walton's Po'yglott ,- but most MSS. have "pbx, Elon (Davidson's Hebr. Text, p. 46). In Judg. iv, 11, the Targum Jonathan renders " the plain of the swamp" (see Schwarz, Palest, p. 181). This is Ewald's explanation also putsch. Jsr. ii, 492 note). For other interpretations, see Furst (Heb. Handio. p. 91). In Gen. xxxv, 8, the Sam. Version, according to its customary rendering of Allon, has iirV'Oa TTOO, " the plain of Bakith." See more fully under Elon.
2. (Sept. 'AWuiv v. r. 'A\wy.) The son of Jedaiah and father of Shiphi, chief Simeonites, of the family of those who expelled the Hamites from the \alle3' of Gedor (1 Chron. iv, 37). B.C. apparently consider- ably ante 711.
AlTon-bach'uth (Heb. Allon - Balaith' . '"fex M32, oak oficeeping; Sept. jiaXavoc, TrivSovc), a spot near Bethel, so designated from a tree under which Jacob encamped, and where Rebekak's nurse Deborah was buried (Gen. xxxv, 8). See Oak. From the comparative rarity of large trees in the plains of Pal- estine, they were naturally designated as landmarks, and became favorite places for residence and sepulture (Judg. vi. 11-19 ; 1 Sam. xxxi, 13). See Allon. The particular tree in question is thought by some to have been a terebinth (q. v.), but scarcely the same under which Abraham sojourned (Gen. xviii, 1) [see Mam- re], but perhaps the "palm-tree of Deborah," under which Deborah (q. v.) dwelt (Judg. iv, 5). So Ewald (hr. Gesch. i, 344 ; iii, 29) believes the "oak of Tabor" (1 Sam. x, 3, Auth. Vers, "plain of T.") to be the same as, or the successor of, this tree, "Tabor" being possi- bly a merely dialectical change from " Deborah" (see also Stanley, Palest, p. 143, 220). See Baal-tamaij.
Alloph^li (d\\6<t>u\ut), a Greek term which sig- nifies properly strangers; but is generally taken (not only in the Sept., but by classical writers) to signify the Philistines (Reland, Palcest. p. 41, 75, 7G). See Alien.
Alloy. Sec Tin.
All-saints' Day, a festival celebrated by the Greek Church the week after Whitsuntide, and by the Roman Catholics on the 1st of November, in honor of all saints and martyrs. Chrysostom {Horn. 74 de Jfarfyribus)
seems to indicate that it was known in the fourth cen- tury, and that it was celebrated on Trinity Sunday, called by the Greeks KvpiaKt) twv dyiwv (the Sunday of the Martyrs). It was introduced into the "Western Church in the beginning of the seventh century by Boniface. The number of saints being excessively multiplied, it was found too burdensome to dedicate a feast-day to each, there being, indeed, scarcely hours enough in the year to distribute among them all. It was therefore resolved to commemorate on one day all who had no particular days. By an order of Gregory IV, it was celebrated on the 1st of November, 834 ; formerly the 1st of May was the day appointed. It was introduced into England (where it is usually called All-hcdloumias) about 870, and is still observed in the English and Lutheran Churches, as well as in the Church of Borne, on 1st November. — Itlig, De Festo Omnium Sanctorum, in the Miscell. Lips, i, 300 sq. ; Far- rar, Eccles. Dictionary, s. v. ; Bingham, Orig. Eccles. b. lxx, ch. vii, § 14.