On the worship of angels, as practised in the Roman Church, treatises exist in Latin by the following au- thors: ^Epinus (Rost. 1757); Beciimann (Jen. 1001); Clotz (Rost. 1636); Osiander (Tubing. 1670); Pfef- finger (Argent. 1708, Helmst. 1731); Reusch (Helmst. 1739); Schultze (Lips. 1703); Quistorp (Gryph. 1770); Thomasius, in his Dissert, p. 89-103; Wildvogel (Jen. 1692) ; Willisch (Lips. 1723). See Invocation.
Angela, Merici, better known as Angela of Bres- cia, founder of the order of the Ursulines, was born in 1511, at Dezenzano. She entered a Franciscan con- vent, and made a journey to the Holy Land. On her return, in 1537, she assembled at Brescia a company of women, to whom she gave the name of St. Ursula, whom she made the patron of the order. During her lifetime they lived each in the house of her parents ; but after her death, which happened Mar. 21, 1540, the Ursulines began to live together. Paul III approved the institution in 1544. So rapid was the growth of the order, that within a cent.urj' there were 350 con- vents in France alone. — Landon, Eccl. Diet, i, 318; Helyot, Orel. Monastiques, iv, 150. See Ursulines.
Angeli. See Angelis.
Angelical Hymn, the hymn or doxology (q. v.) Gloria in Excehis, beginning with " Glory be to God on high," etc. It is so called from the former part of it having been sung by the angels to announce the birth of the Redeemer. The Greek original, as restored by Bunsen from the Cod. Alex., is given in his Analecta Antenicevna, iii, 87; also in Procter, On Common Pray- er, p. 354.— See Palmer, Orig. Liturg. iv, § 23; Bing- ham, Orig. Eccks. bk. lxiv, eh. ii, § 2. See Gloria.
Angelici, a heretical sect of the 3d century, sup- posed to have gained the appellation in consequence of their worship of angels. The practice was imitated in the time of Chrysostom, and called forth his ani- madversions in his Homilies on the Colossians; and the Council of Laodicea enacted a severe canon accom- panied with the denunciation of anathema to restrain it. That council says, "Christians ought not to for- sake the Church of God, and go aside, and hold con- venticles to invocate or call upon the names of angels ; which things are forbidden. If any one, therefore, be found to exercise himself in this private idolatry, let him be accursed, because he hath forsaken our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, and gone over to idol- atry."— Epiphanius, liar. 60 ; Lardner, Works, ii, 602.
Angelic Order, Nuns of. See Guastalines.
Angelique. See Arnaulp.
Angelis (or Angeli Degli), Girolamo, a Jesuit born at Castro Giovanni, in Sicily, in 1567, died Dec. 4, 1623. He entered the order of the Jesuits in 15*5, and prepared himself for the Eastern missions. He embark- ed in 1596, and, after a long navigation, was cast upon the coast of Brazil, where he was seized by pirates and brought to England. Having from thence returned to Portugal, he was, in 1002, sent to Japan, in which country he labored as a missionary until the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1614. "With the permission of his superiors, Angelis put on a Japanese dress, and re- mained on the island of Niphon for nine moi-e years. He is said to have been the first European who visited the neighboring islands. In Jeddo he is said to have converted ten thousand natives to Christianity. Ulti- mately he was arrested, imprisoned, and burned alive, with ninety of his converts, after a stay in Japan of twenty-two years. A work on Jeddo (Relazione del regno di YtZ'i), which was published at Rome in 1625, is attributed to him. — Hoefer, Biog. Generale, ii, 646.
Angelites, a sect in the reign of the Emperor Anastasius, about the year 494, so called from An- gelium, a place in the city of Alexandria, where they held their first meetings. They held that the persons of the Trinity are not the same ; that neither of them exists of himself, and of his own nature; but that there is a common God or Deity existing in them all, and that each is God by a participation of this Deity. — Buck, Theol. Diet. s. v. See Sabellians.
Angelo, Rocca, of the order of St. Augustine, ed- ucated at Rome, Venice, Perugia, and Padua. Pope Sixtus V employed him to superintend the printing of the Bible, Councils, and Fathers ; and to his care the Augustines of Rome owe " the Bibliotheea Angel- ica," the " Librarj' of the Vatican," that " of Theology and Holy Scripture," etc. He died at Rome, April 7, 1620.— Landon, Eccl. Diet. s. v.
Angelus, a prayer to the Virgin, commonly said in the Roman Church three times a day, viz., in the morning, at noon, and in the evening, when the bell is sounded thrice, three strokes each time. Pope John XXII instituted this office in 1316, and several popes have granted indulgences to those who say the An- gelus on their knees. — Landon, Eccl. Diet, i, 370.
Angelus, Christopher, a Greek scholar, bom in the Peloponnesus about the middle of the 16th cen- tury, died Feb. 1, 1638. Being compelled by the Turks to leave his country, he fled to England, where he was enabled by the support of the bishop of Norwich ami of several members of the clergy to study at the uni- versities of Cambridge and Oxford. He was subse- quently appointed teacher of Greek in Baliol College, Oxford, which position he retained until his death. He published an account of his flight from Greece (Ox- I ford. 1619, in Greek and in English); a work on the 1 Greek religion (Enchiridion de Institutes Grcecis, Cam- | bridge, 1619, in Greek and Latin) ; Encomium, on the I Kingdom of Great Britain (Cambridge, 1619) ; De Apos