Angilram, bishop of Metz from 768 to 791, also abbot of the monaster}- Senones, and arch-chaplain of Charlemagne. After 789 he bore the title archbishop as a personal distinction. His name is celebrated in the history of the Canon Law by a collection of laws respecting legal proceedings against bishops, called Capitula Angilrami. According to some Codd. they were presented by Angilram to Pope Adrian, but, ac- cording to others, presented by Adrian to Angilram. They are generally regarded as spurious (see Rett- berg, Kirchengeseliichte Deutschlands, i, 501 ; and Her- zog, s. v. Angilram"), and as extracts from the Pseu- do-Decretals ; but their authenticity has been defended by Wasserschleben, Beitrdge zur Geschichte derfalschen Decretalen. — Hase, Church History, p. 185. See De- cretals.
Anglican Church, another name of the Estab- lished Church of England. The phrase "Anglican Churches" is coming into general use as the collective title of the Established Church of England and Ire- land, the Scottish Episcopal Church, the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States, and the mis- sionary churches established by any of these three bodies. The Churchman's Calendar for 1865 gives the following synoptical view of the Anglican Churches: 1. England, 2 archbishops, 26 bishops; 2. Ireland, 2 archbishops, 10 bishops; 3. Scotland, 8 bishops; 4. Mediterranean, 1 bishop; 5. United States, 38 bishops; 6. British America, 9 bishops ; 7. West Indies, 6 bish- ops ; 8. Asia, 8 bishops ; 9. Africa, 8 bishops ; 10. Oceanica, 14 bishops. Sec England, Church of.
Angling, the art of taking fish with a hook and line. The word i"T2n, chaklcah' ', which the Auth. Vers, renders "angle" in Isa. xix, 8; Hab. i, 15, is the same that is rendered "hook" in Job xli, 1, 12. The Scriptures contain several allusions to this mode of taking fish. The first of these occurs as early as the time of Job: "Canst thou draw out leviathan witli an hook ; or his tongue [palate, which is usually pierced by the hook] with a cord [line], which thou lettest down ? Canst thou put a hook into his nose, or bore his jaw through with a thorn ?" (Job xli, 1, 2). This last phrase obviously refers to the thorns which were sometimes used as hooks, and which are long after mentioned as the thorns off siting (Amos iv, 2), in the Auth. Vers, "fish-hooks." -Of the various passages relating to this subject, the most remarkable is that which records, as an important part of the "burden of Egypt," that "the fishers also shall mourn ; and all they that cast angle [the hook] into the brooks shall lament, and they that spread nets upon the waters shall languish" (Isa. xix, 8). In this
ANGLO-CATHOLIC CHURCH 231 ANGLO-SAXON VERSIONS
poetical description of a part of the calamities which were to befall Egypt, we are furnished with an ac- count of the various modes of fishing practised in that country, which is in exact conformity with the scenes depicted in the old tombs of Egypt. See Fish. Angling appears to have been regarded chiefly as an amusement, in which the Egyptians of all ranks found much enjoyment. The Egyptian hooks were of bronze, as appears* from the specimens that have been found. Insects, natural or artificial, were not used in angling, ground bait being exclusively employed ; and the float
of the Vulgate into the vernacular tongue of our an- cestors, began to be made by the monks. Some of these are still extant. The oldest is the celebrated Durham Bool; preserved among the Cotton MSS. in the British Museum. The Latin text of this MS. was written by Eadfrith, bishop of the Church of Holy Isle, some time before the year <J88 ; it received many decorations from the combined skill of Bishop Ethil- wold and Billfrith the anchorite, and it was finally glossed over into English {of gloesade on Englisc) by Aldred, who describes himself as " Presbyter indignus et miserrimus," and ascribes his success ta "Codes fultume & Sci Cuthberhtes." The work existed first in four separate volumes, but these were at an early period collected into one. The date of Aldred's gloss is supposed to be before A.D. 900. The next of these versions is the Rushworth Gloss of the Gospels, pre- served in the Bodleian Library at Oxford ; it closely resembles the Durham book in form, arrangement, and style of execution, and is regarded as of almost equal antiquity with it. Its authors were Farmen and Owen, priests at Harewood, and the Latin text was written by one Macregol. Another Anglo-Saxon translation of the gospels is extant, the author of which is unknown ; it is believed to have been executed near the time of the Norman conquest, and bears traces of having been made from one of the ante-hieronymian Latin ver- sions. A translation of the Heptateuch, or first seven books of the Bible, was made by iElfric, archbishop of Canterbury, who died in 100G ; and there is in the Cottonian Collection a MS. of a translation of the Book of Job, also ascribed to him. Of the same date is a gloss on the Proverbs by an unknown author, also among the Cotton MSS. Of the Psalter an interline- ary translation was made at a very early period (about 706) by Adhelm, bishop of Sherborn, but of this no