1. The wife of Tobit, whose history is contained in the apocryphal book that bears his name (Tob. i, 9 sq.).
2. An aged widow, daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher. She had married earhT, but after seven years her husband died, and during her long widow- hood she daih' attended the morning and evening ser- vices of the temple. Anna was eighty-four years old when the infant Jesus was brought to the temple by his mother, and, entering as Simeon pronounced his thanksgiving, she also broke forth in praise to God for the fulfilment of his ancient promises (Luke ii, 36, 37), B.C. 6. See Maver, De Anna prophetissa vidua (Gryph. 1706).
Anna, St., the name, according to tradition, of the mother of the Virgin Mary, and wife of Joachim. The names of Anna and Joachim are not found in Holy Scripture, but are gathered from the fathers. Ac- cording to a legend, her body was brought, in 710, from Jerusalem to Constantinople, and from that time many churches of Europe pretended to possess some relic of it. Her festival is kept in the Greek Church July 25th, in the Roman, July 2Gth.— Butler, Lives of Saints, iii, 212; comp. Binerus, De Joachimo, Anna et Josepho (Antw. 1638); Goetze, Da cultu Annas (Lips. 1702); Willisch, Ehemal. St. Annenbriiderschaft (An- nab. 1723) ; Franz, Versuch einer Geschichte des Marien- und Annen-Cultus (Halberst. 1854); and see the Le- genda matronm Anna (Lips. 1502).
An'naas (2rn'««c), a man whose posterity (or a place whose residents) returned from the captivity (1 Esdr. v, 23^1; evidently the Senaah (q. v.) of the genuine text (Ezra ii, 35).
Amiales Ecclesiastici. See Baroxius.
Annam. See Anam.
An'nas C'Avvaq, probably a contracted form of the name Ananiahm its Greek form,* Avavoe), a high- priest of the Jews mentioned in Luke (iii, 2) as being high-priest along with Caiaphas his son-in-law. Our Lord's first hearing (John xviii, 13) was before Annas, who then sent him bound to Caiaphas. In Acts iv, 6, he is plainly called the high-priest, and Caiaphas merely named with others of his family. He is called by Josephus Ananus (q. v.) the son of Seth ; and was first appointed to that office in his 37th year by Quiri- nus, proconsul of Syria, about A.D. 7 (Ant. xviii, 2, 1), but was afterward deprived of it by Valerius Gratus, procurator of Judaea (A.D. 14), who gave the office first to Ismael the son of Phabasus, and a short time after to Elenzar the son of Annas (Josephus, Ant. xviii, 2, 1 and 2). He held the office one year, and was then succeeded by Simon the son of Camitlius, who, after another year, was followed by Joseph, also called Caiaphas, the son-in-lawr of Annas, A.D. ante 27, who continued in office until A.D. 37. In the passages of the New Testament above cited, therefore, it is apparent that Caiaphas was the only actual and proper high-priest; but Annas, being his father-in- law, and having been formerly himself high-priest, and being also perhaps his substitute (saga it), bad great influence and authority, and could with great propriety be still termed high-priest along with Caia-
ANNAS
236
AN NIHIL ATIONISTS
phas. (See Anger, De temp. p. 185: Lightfoot, IJor. ! Heb. p. 744 sq. ; Rus, Harmon. Evany, i, 313 sq. ; I IT, ii, 962 sq. ; Vitringa, Observ. Sacr. vi, 529 sq. ; Ca- saubon, Exerc. antibar. p. 21 G sq. ; Wieseler, Chronol. Synops. p. 186 sq. ; Selden, De Synedrm, ii, 655; Sau- bert, De Sacerdotio Ebra-or. i, 5; Kuinol, Comment. on Luke iii, 2.) See High-priest. He died at an
say the last, is a state of violence ; all things are con- tinually endeavoring to return to their primitive noth- ing ; no power is required to effect it ; it would be ac- complished of itself; nay more, an infinite power is required to prevent it. As to human beings, the ma- jority of the Greek philosophers opposed the doctrine ; the Brahmins held that at stated intervals all created
advanced age, and was succeeded by his first son in things are annihilated; the Siamese hold annihilation the sacerdotal dignity (Josephus, Ant. xx, 9, 1). to be the greatest reward of virtue (Buck, Theol.Dic-
An'nas QAvav v. r. "Avvae) likewise occurs in the tlonary, s. v.). The theory of the annihilation of the
Apocrypha (Vulg. Nuas) as one of the Israelites who had married Gentile wives after the captivity (1 Esdr. ix, 32) ; evidently a corruption for the Hakim (q. v.) of the genuine text (Ezra x, 31).
Annates, or First-fruits, in the ecclesiastical law, means the value of every spiritual living for a whole year (hence the name, from the Latin word
annus a year), which the pope, claiming the disposi- ^'^""tf £ in Justin (D!alog, cum Tryph tion of every spiritual benefice within Christendom, reserved out of every living. This impost was at first only levied from persons appointed to bishoprics ; but it was afterward extended to the inferior clergy. The value of these annates was calculated according to a rate made under the direction of Pope Innocent IV (A.D. 1253), but which was afterward increased by Pope Nicholas III (A.D. 1292). This papal exaction was abolished in England by the act 25 Henry VIII, j
c. 20, and by an act passed in the following year of ^ ££ZT£ England bv a few writers of in the same reign, 26 Henry \ III, c. 3), the right toan- nQ^ ag Samuel Bourne (sermons), J. N. Scott, and