Clean Qr.MiKUPF.D8.
(Diahav. Antelope ] %?h
( Tsebiydh (female), Deer, Aycrf.
Gazelle j //"/^roe-buck). (Salr, ) I Tragos, } (buck). Tsaphir,) GoaU Eriphos. I Ez (female).
Gedi(Wh. I Yaal (wild).
{Shor (bull). Elcph. Lous. Dakar (beeve). Par (bullock). Egel (calf). Rehn (wild). (Ayit. Sheep { Probafon. ( Seh (flock).
Unclean Quadrupeds. Ape, Koph.
SChamor. Onn*. Athon (female).
Badger (?), Tachash.
Rear < Do,K Bear ( Arktos.
!Gamal. Camelos. Bikrah (female). Kirkarah (dromedary). Coney (?), Shaphan. n„„ ( Kelcb. D°S } Kuon. Fox, A lopex. Have, Arnebeth. Hippopotamus, Behemoth. Sus. Hippos. Parash (steed). Rekesh (courser). Hyena, Tsabud.
Clean Quadrupeds. Dikkt r (ram) Kebes (young ram). , Rachel (ewe).
{Taleh (lambkin).
( '.•unci
lb nvc
Unclean Quadrupeds. ( Shudl. Jackal \ Iy. {Tan.
**«* [£& Art
Leon.
Lchi. Lion< Lalah. I Shaphal. | Kephir (whelp). \ Gvr (cub). Mouse, Akbar. Mole, Parah. M, . ( Pcred. Mule { Aehashteran. Rat, Chapharperah.
C Cliazir. Swine ] //h.s.
{Choiros. Unknown, Tsiij. Weasel, Choled.
Wolf [Lukos.
Worship of Animals. — The reasons of the choice of animals consecrated to receive worship among the Egyptians, the great practisers of this superstition, are now involved in much obscurity ; some are proba- bly connected with the beasts themselves, some with astronomical allegories, and some, perhaps, with now lost historical facts. (For a list of the sacred animals of different parts of Egypt, see Wilkinson's Anc. Egyp-
tians, abridgm. i, 245 sq.) See Idolatry. The ox, the sheep, and the ichneumon were held in almost general veneration ; the cat and the asp had their dis- tinguishing homage ; and the Egyptian custom of se- lecting some in preference to others, as the objects of veneration by different cities, extended to other coun- tries, and was adopted by the Lemnians and Thessali-
ANIMALES
234
ANISE
ans< The bloody wars occasioned by the variety of homage paid to animals, such as that caused by the inhabitants of Cynopolis eating the oxyrinchus, and the ( txyrinchians the dog, prove how fiercely the su- perstition was cherished. Herodotus says that the hippopotamus was sacred only in the Papremitic Nome, and he adds the eel and water-snake to the list of hal- lowed fishes, and the fox-goose to that of hallowed birds. Sacred serpents were kept at Thebes, and in the mysteries and many other pagan rites they were pre-eminently conspicuous. "The cats," Herodotus observes, " when dead, are carried to sacred buildings, and, after being embalmed, are buried in the city Bu- hastis. Dogs and ichneumons are buried wherever they happen to die. The shrew-mouse and the hawk are removed to Butos; the ibis to Hermonopolis ; bears and wolves are buried in whatever place they die, but not, like the dogs, in consecrated chests" (He- rod, ii, 65-67). The solar deities of the Egyptians are usually represented with the head of a hawk. In the procession at Dendera, several of these hawk-headed divinities appear with an ornament upon the head, composed of the circle, and a serpent with an inflated neck, or, as it is usually termed, a basilisk. The wor- ship of the serpent appears to have been at an early period almost universal, which may be accounted for by considering that reptile as the earliest type of the solar influence, which in later times gave place to oth- er emblems, possibly on account of the venomous prop- erties of the creature, which rendered it an unsuitable representation of that from which it was supposed all good proceeded. See Worship. Lands were set apart for the support of the sacred animals; men and women were employed in feeding and maintaining them. If a person killed any of these creatures design- edly, he was punished with death ; if involuntarily, his punishment, in some cases, was referred to the priest ; but if the animal killed were either a cat, a hawk, or an ibis, and that whether by design or not, the culprit was to die, without mercy, and the enraged multitude seldom waited even for the formalities of a trial. A Roman, in the time of one of the Ptolemies, who killed a cat accidentally, was torn in pieces by the populace on the spot, in spite of all the efforts of the king's guard to save him. When any of these animals died, great lamentation was made, and vast sums expended on their funeral. We are told that in the beginning of the reigrj of Ptolemy Philadelphus, the bull Apis dying, his keeper expended more than fifty talents of silver, or £13,000, on his interment (see Wilkinson's Anc. Eg. i, 226 sq.). The Israelites often debased themselves by an imitation of this da-monolatry, for which they were severely punished by God, because it was one grand de- sign of'the Mosaic law to keep their theology free from these gross appendages. See Apis; Cat; Croco- dile; Ibis; Ichneumon; Serpent; Satyr, etc.
Animales (animals), an opprobrious epithet be- stowed by the Origenites on persons who differed from them in opinion as to the resurrection of the body. The doctrine of the Origenites was that men would have spiritual bodies in the next world; and they •ridiculed others who maintained that the same body, altered in quality hut not in substance, would be raised. They gave them the opprobrious names of simplkes and philosarccp, idiots and lovers of the flesh ; carnei, animates, jumenta, carnal, sensual, animals; lutti, earthy; pUosiotte, from pihs, hair, because it was as- Berted thai the body would rise perfect in all its parts, — Bingham, Orig. Eccl. bk. i, ch. iii ; Farrar, s.v.