The best sources of chastity are, first, the true fear of God, which leads to avoid offending God by a sinful misuse of the noblest force of nature, and disturbing the divine law of human reproduction by beastly in- dulgences ; secondly, education, inculcating honesty, modesty, and morality ; thirdly, active occupation both of mind and body ; fourth, moderation in the use of drink and spices. Chastity is highly blessed in its re- sults, for from it result the purity of the soul, the lib- erty of the will, the preservation of health and strength, aqd fireedom firom the difficulties and misfortunes which unchastity entails on its unfortunate victims. It is also the seal of a high mind, a true virtue, and a sincere fear of God (Mark vii, 21, 22 ; Rom. xiii, 18, Let us walk honesUy, as in the day: not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying ; 2 Cor. vi, 4, 6 ; Gral. v, 19- 22 ; 1 Cor. vii, 6, Defhiud ye not one the other, except it be with consent for a thne, that ye may give your- selves to fasting and prayer ; and come together again, that Satan tempt you not for your inoontinency ; Phil, iv, 8; 1 Tim. iv, 12; v, 2; Titus i, 8; U, 6; 1 Pet i, 22 ; ill, 2, While they behold your chaste conversation coupled with fear ; iv, 8, For the time past of our life may suffice us to have wrought the will of the Gentiles, when we walked in lasdviousness, lusts, excess of wine, revellings, banquetings, and abominable idola- tries ; James iii, 17). He who is under the guidance of divine wisdom is essentially chaste (James iv, 8). Those who are ii^x^ double-minded, ding on the
one side to the earth, and on the other aspire after heaven. When the heart is purified by the spirit of God, this duality ceases, and chastity is easy. — ^Kr^ N. r. HandwdrteHmch, s. v.
Chasuble (ouii/a, a hut, the name of tlie frwk worn by the Roman peasants in the rain), the ooter dress worn by the priest at the altar-aervice ; called also pcmula. It succeeded the old Roman toga. The pamtla was a circular cloth, with an aperture to ad- mit the head in the centre, while it fell down over tibe body, so as completely to cover it. It was otherwise called ^ivoKiov, ampkibaUum, and pUmeta, This pm- nMlOy worn rather longer than common, was adopted st an early age for the outer dress of the dergy. Ute Romish Church has altered it by cutting it away st the sides, so as to expose the arms, and leave only a straight piece before and behind. The color of the vestment varies according to the different festivals of the Church at which it is used. The Greek Church retains it in its primitive shape. It often appears on the older sculptures and mosaics, and also in old brass- es hi England.— Palmer, Oriff. LUwy. ii, 909 ; Hook, Church Dictionary, s. v. ; Siegel, AlierthSmer, ffi, 68 sq. ; Martigny, Dicttonnaire dee Antiquitit, 14g,
Chatel, Do. See Du Chatbu
Chatlim (O-^bDH) or Chatolim (D^'i'ioro, a place in Palestine mentioned by the Talmndiats {Me- nachoth, 86 b), and made by Schwarz (PiaUsL p. 178) to be *'the modem village Al^haO, east of Mt. Tabor, not hit ftrom Jordan," where it is marked as J^BalB on Van de Velde*s Map,
Chatsir. See Lbvk.
Channoy, Charles, a Congregational minister, was bom in Tardleybury, Hertfordshire, Eng., 1593. He entered as student in Trinity College, Cambridge, and passed M.A. in 1617. He was chosen fellow, and was made bachelor of divinity in 1624, and, still later, was dected professor of Greek. He left the Univer- sity, entered the ministry, and in 1627 became vicar of Ware. He was brought before Laud for his oppo- sition to the '* Book of Sports" in 1629, and in 1685 be was found guUty of disobedience and contempt of Church authority, but he made a recantation. Be was afterwards silenced, and came to New England in 1688. About three years he lived at Plymouth, and then became pastor in Sdtuate. In November, 1654, he was chosen president of Harvard College, in which station he remained with honor until his death, Feb. 19, 1672. He was the author of several Latin and Greek poems, and tilBO d Retractation ofChas. Chmm- cy, formerly MimtUr of -Ware, in Bertfordthire, writ- ten vfith hit oum Bandt btfore his going to New Englatd tfi 1687 (Lond. 1641) ; Twenfy-six Sermom on JuttifeO' tion (4to, 1659); Antisynodalia Aw^ericana, and a few occasional sermons. — Sprague, Amtalty i, 110.
Channoy, Charles, D.D., a descendant of presi- dent Channcy, of Harvard University (see preceding article), was bom in Boston Jan. 1, 1705, graduated st Harvard in 1821, studied divinity, and was ordained pastor of the First Church in Boston in 1727. He wai distinguished for learning and Independence, and was one of the founders of Universalism. He died Feb. 10, 1781, in the eighty.thhxl year of his age. He pub. llshed A complete View qf Epieccpacy: — Seaaomoik Thoughts (opposed to Whitfield), 1776 i—The Fall and its Contequencet, 1785 : — The Benevolence of the Deity, 1784, 8vo :—The Salvation of all Me% 1784, 8vo; an- swered by Edwards, jun. {Works, N. Y. ed., voL i, 5-279).