(5.) There is a difference in the account of the en- campments of the Israelites as given Deut. x, 6, 7, compared with Num. xx, 28 ; xxxiii, 80 and 87. In Deut. it is said that the order of encampment was, 1. Bene-jaakan ; 2. Moeera (where Aaron dies) ; 8. Gud- godah ; 4. Jotbath. In Numbers it is, 1. Moseroth ; 2. Bene-jaakan ; 8. Hor-hagidgad ; 4. Jotbath. Then follow the stations Ebronah, Ezion-geber, Kadesh, and Mount Hor, and it is at this last that Aaron dies. (It is remarlutble here that no account is given of the sta- tions between Edon-geber and Kadesh on the return route.) Various attempts have been made to recon- cile these accounts. The explanation given by Kurtz {A tlas zwr Getch, d,A,B. 20) is, on the whole, Uie most satisfEU^tory. He says : "In the first month of the fortieth year the whole congregation comes a second time to the wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh (Num. xxxiii, 86). On the down-route to Ezion-geber they had encamped at the several stations Moseroth (or Moserah), Bene-jaakan, Chor-hagidgad, and Jotbath.. But now, again departing ftroro Kadesh, they go to Mount Hor, * in the edge of the land of Edom' (ver. 87, 88), or to Moserah (Deut. x, 6, 7), this Ust being in the desert at the foot of the mountain. Bene-jaa- kan, Gudgodah, and Jotbath were also visited about this time, i e. a second time, after the second halt at Kadesh." See Exodb.
(6.) But this is not so much a discrepancy as a pe- culiarity of the writer : in Deut. the usual name for the mountain on which the law was given is Horeb, only once (xxxiii, 2) Sinai ; whereas in the other books Sinai is far more common than Horeb. The answer given is that Horeb was the general name of the whole mountain range, Sinai the particular mountain on which the law was delivered ; and that Horeb, the more general and well-known name, was employed in accordance with the rhetorical style of this bock, in order to bring out the contrast between the Sinaitic giving of the law, and the giving of the law in the land of Moab (Deut. i, 6 ; xxix, 1). So Keil. See Horeb.
(II.) Additions,^!, In the History, (a) The com- mand of God to leave Horeb, Deut. i, 6, 7, not men- tioned in Num. x, 11. The repentance of the Israelites, Deut i, 45, omitted in Num. xiv, 46. The intercession of Moses in behalf of Aaron, Deut ix, 20, of which nothing is said in Exod. xxxii, xxxiii. These are so slight, however, that, as Keil suggests, they might have been passed over ve^y naturally in the earlier books, supposing both accounts to be by the same hand. But of more note are: (b) The command not
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to fight with the MoabHes and Ammcmites, Deut. it, 9, 19, or with the Edomitea, bat to bay of them food and water, ii, 4-^ ; the valuable historical notices whidi are g^ven respecting the earlier inhabitants of the ooon- tries of Moab, and Ammon, and of Moant Seir, ii. 10- 12, 20-28; the sixty fortified cities of Bashan, iii, 4 ; the king of the coantry who was "of the remnant of gi- ants," iii, 11 ; the diffsrent names of Hermon, iii, 9 ; the wilderness of Kedemoth, ii, 26 ; and the more de- tailed account of the attack of the Amalekites, xxv, 17, 18, compered with Exod. xvii, 8.
2. In the Law, The appointment of the cities of refage, Deut. xix, 7-9, as compared with Num. xxxv, 14 and Deut. iv, 41 ; of one particular place for the solemn worship of God, where all offerings, tithes, etc. are to be brou^t, Deut. xii, 5, etc., whilst the restric- tion ¥rith regard to the slaying of animals only at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation (Lev. xvii, 8, 4) is done away, 15, 20, 21 ; the'regulations respect- ing tithes to be brought with the sacrifices and burnt- offerings to the appointed place, Dent, xii, 6, 11, 17 ; xlv, 22, etc. ; xxvi, 12 ; oonceming fklse prophets and sedacers to idolatry and those that hearken unto them, xiii ; concerning the king and the manner of the king- dom, xvii, 14, etc. ; the prophets, xviii, 15, etc. ; war and military service, xx ; the expiation of secret mur- der; the law of female captives; of first-bom sons by a doable marriage ; of disobedient sons ; of those who suflfor death by hanging, xxi ; the laws in xxii, 5-8, 18-21 ; of divorce, xxiv, 1, and various lesser enact- ments, xxiii and xxv ; the form of thanksgiving in offering the first-ftxdts, xxvi ; the command to write the law upon stones, xxvii, and to read it before all Israel at the Feast of Tabernacles, xxxi, 10-18.
Many others are rather extensions or modifications of, than additions to, existing laws, as, for instance, the law of the Hebrew slave, Deut xv, 12, etc com- pared with Exod. xxi, 2, etc. See also the fuller di- rections in Deat. xv, 19-28 ; xxvi, 1-11, as compared with the briefer notices, Exod. xiii, 12 ; xxiii, 19.
All these, however, afford no real difficulty in identi- fying the author with tliat of the preceding books, on the supposition that it was Moses himself, who, as the propounder of the law and the director of the history, was competent to expand and illustrate both, and, in- deed, could hardly fail to do so, were he other than a mechanical copyist.