Edwards, Bela Bates, D.D., wa.5 born in South- ampton, j\Iass., July 4, 1802, and graduated at Am- herst College in 1S24, and at Andover Theological Seminary in 1830. He served as a tutor in Amherst College during the j'ears 1827-28, and as assistant secretary of the American Education Society during the 3'ears 1828-33. In 1837 he was ordained as a minister of the Gospel, and was also appointed pro- fessor of Hebrew in Andover Theological Seminary ; and in 1848 he was elected associate professor of sa-
I cred literature, as successor of Professor Moses Stuart, i in the same institution. From 1828 to 1842 he edited the American Quarter!t/ Reyisier. He established in 1833 the American Quarter/// Observer. After publi>h- ing two volumes of it, he united it with the Lihlkal Repositort/, and was sole editor of the combined peri- odicals from January, 1835, to January, 1838. From 1844 to 1852 he was the senior editor of the Lihliothca Sacra. For twenty-three years he was employed in superintending periodical literature, and, with the as- sistance of several associates, has left thirty-one oc- tavo volumes as the monuments of his enterprise and industry in this department of labor. He also edited several duodecimo volumes, among which arc the Eclectic Reader, the Bioejraphy of Self-tavght Men, tlie Memoir of Henry Martijn, to which he prefixed an In- troductory Essay. He published manj' articles in the religious newspapers, various pamphlets, and impor- tant parts of several volumes, such as the German Se- lections, by professors Edwards and Park ; Classical Studies, by professors Edwards, Sears, and Felton. He injured his constitution by his unremitting toils, and was compelled to make the tour of ICurojie for his health, and to spend two winters in the South. He died at Athens, Ga., April 20, 1852, in the fiftieth year of his age. He was distinguished not only for his po- etic sentiment, large erudition, soundness of judg- ment, skill as an instructor, and eloquence as a preacher, but also for his delicacy of taste, his tender sensibilities, and, above all, his deep, earnest, and uni- form piet\\ Some of his discourses and essays, with a memoir of his life by E. A. Park, were pulili^hed in Boston in 1853 in two duodecimo volumes. (E. A. P.)
EdTwards, John, D.D., one of the strongest Cal- vinistic divines the Church of England has produced. He was born at Hertford Feb. 2G, 1639. and was edu- cated at Merchant-Taylor's School, London. In 16.53 he entered St. John's CollcL'e, Cambridge, where he became scholar and fellow. He was nnnlster of Trin- ity Church, Cambridge, from 1664 to about 1676, when he was made rector of St. Peter's, Colchester. He re- turned to Cambridge in 1679, and there wrote indus- triously on controversial theology. Lie died April 16, 1716. " It may be questioned whether, since the dnj's of Calvin himself, there has existed a more decided Calvinist than Dr. Edwards. He has been termed the Paul, the Augustine, the Bradwardiue, the Calvin of his age. Such was his abhorrence of Arminianism that he contended, with the old Puritans, that there is a close connection between it and poperj'." His prin- cipal writings are, Tkeoloffia reformata, or the Bodrj and Substance of the Christian Religion, comprised in distinct Discourses or Treatises ttpon the Apostles' Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Ten Commandments (Lond. 1713-26, 3 vols, fol.) : — A complete History or Survey of all the Dispensations or Methods rf Eeliyian (London, 1699, 2 vols. 8vo) : — The Arniiman Doctrines condi mn- ed by the Scriptures (Lond. 1711, 8vo) : — Authority of the b. and N. T. (Lond. 1693, 3 \-ols. 8vo) -.—Exercita- tions, critical, thological, etc., on important places in the 0. and N. T. (Lond. 1702, 8vo) :^Socinianism unmask- ed (Lond. 1697, 8vo) : — The Doctrine of Faith and Jus- tification (Lond. 1708, 8vo). — Tones, Christ. Biography, s. v. ; Kippis, Biographia Britannica, vol. v.
Edwards, Jonathan, was born at East A\'indsor, Conn., on the 5th of October, 1703. His great-great- grandfather on the paternal side was the Rev. Richard Edwards, a clergyman in London in the time of queen Elizabeth. His great-grandfather, William Edwards, was born in England, came to America aliout the year 1640, and was an honorable trader in Hartford, Conn. His grandfather, liicliard Edwards, was born at Hartford, and spent Iiis life there as a respectable and wealtliy merchant. His father, Rev. Timothy Edwards, was born in Hartford ]\Iay 14. 1669. He entered Harvard College in 1687, "and received the
EDWARDS
64
EDWARDS
two degrees of Bachelor and Master of Arts on the same day, July 4, IGDl, one in tlie morning and the other in the afternoon, 'an uneonnnon mark of respect paid to liis extraordinary proficienc}^ in learning.'" He was ordained pastor of the church at East Windsor in May, 1694. In 1711 he was appointed, bj' the Leg- islature of Connecticut, chaplain of the troops sent on an important expedition to Canada. He was distin- guished for his scholarship, devoutness, and general weiicht of cliaracter. He generally preached exteni- p.ire, and until he had passed his seventieth year he did not often write the heads of his discourses. He lived to enjoy tlie fame of his son, and died January 27, 1758. On the maternal side, the great-grandfather of Presi- dent Edwards was Anthonj^ Stoddard, Escj., who emi- grated from the west of England to Boston, and was a member of the General Court from 1GG5 to 1684. The grandfather of Edwards was the Rev. Solomon Stod- dard, of Northampton, Mass., one of the most erudite and powerful clergymen of New England. Edwards's mother was Esther, the second child of the Northamp- ton pastor, a lady of excellent education and rare strength of character.