Faber, Johannes, of Augsburg, a Dominican monk of the 16th centurj', confessor of the emperor Maximilian, and afterwards court-preacher of Charles V. Erasmus calls him " a mild, eloquent, and learned man." He at first wished mild counsels to be follow- ed against Luther, and sympathized with Erasmus, but afterwards seems to have changed his views. He died aljout 1531. — Hoefer, Xouv. Biog. Gener. xv, 894.
Faber, Johann Ernst, a distinguished German Orientalist, was born near Hildi)urghausen (Saxony), Feliruary, 1745. He prepared for the university in the gymnasium at Coburg, and studied under Walch, Heyne, and Michaelis at the University of Gottingen. In 1770 he was called to the chair of Oriental lan- guages at the University of Kiel, and in 1772 to the same position at the Universitj' of Jena, where he died March 15 [April 14.'], 1774. His most importmt works are, iJesciiptio conimentarii in septuaginta interpret. (Gotting. 1768-9, 2 vols. 4to) : — Dissertat. de animali- hiis quorum fit mentio Zephan. ii, 14 (ibid. 1769, 4to ; re- printed in the ^fonuments scythes de la Palestine by Cra- mer, Hamb. and Keil, 1777) : — Historia Marmw inter Ih'hnvos (pars i, Kiel, 1770 ; pars ii, Jena, 1778) : — Pro- f;rammu novum de Messia exactis 490 annis post exilium Juddorum Bahylonicum nascituro ex Zach. iii, 8, 9, 10 ; reprtitimi raticinium, spatio LXX, hebdomadum Dan. ix, 24 (ibid. [1771 ?] 1772, 4to) : — Jesus ex natidium oppor- tunitide Mtssias (Jena, 1772, 8vo) : — A rchieologie der Uebriier, vol. i (Halle, 1773, 8vo). Faber was also au- tlior of an Arabic Grammar and Chrestomathy, which lie published at Jena in 1773. — Pierer, Univ. Lex. vi, 53 ; Biog. Universelle, xiv, 5 ; Kitto, Cgd. of Bibl. Lit. iii, 1 ; Doering, Theol. Deutscklands, i, 390. (J. H. W.)
Faber, Johann Melchior, was born Jan. 18, 1743, near Hildl)urghausen (Saxony), and was educa- ted at tiie gymnasium of Coburg and at the Universitj' of Gottingen. In 1768 lie was appointed professor of Hebrew and Greek at the gymnasium of Thorn (Prus- sia); in 1770 he was called \o Coburg as professor of Greek and Rhetoric; and four years latcT (1774) he was made rector of the gymnasium at Ansbach. In 1795 he became church-counsellor (Kirchenrath). He died January 31, 1809. Jlost of his writings wore pulili.'-hed in the form of programmes. He was also a contributor to tlie liejiertorium fiir bibliscke und morgmldndische Literatur, and to Gal)ler"s T/ieo- logisches .Tournal. The most important of his theo- logical ]irogranimes are, Progrjjmmata sex super libra Sapientiin (Ansbach, 1776-77, 4to ; of which a second part, ibid. 1786-89, 4to) : — Observationes in Epistolam
Jacohi ex Syrn (il)id. 1771, 4to) : — De templorum opwl Christianos untiquitate dabia (ib. 1774, 4to): — Litterus olim pro vocibus in mimerundn a scriptorihus V. T. esse adhibitas (ibid. 1775, 4to) : — Unde origo doctrinre de im- mortalite animorum repetenda videatur (ibid. 1773, 4to) : — In loca qucedam Ilabacuci Prophets (ibid. 1773, 4to) : — In Mulachiam Prophetam (ibid. 1779, 4to) : — Quo Eu- sebianfe de Jacohi,fratris Jesu, vita et morte narrationis partes qwedam explicantur ac defenduntur (ibid, 1793, 4to) : — Harmonia Maccabceoruin (pars i, ibid. 1794 ; paro ii, 1797, 4to). — Doering, Theologen Deutscklands, i, 895; Kitto, Cyclop, of Bibl. Lit. ii, 1. (J. H. W.)
Faber, Petrus {Pia-re Eavre), born in Saxony, 1500, was one of the nine original companions of Loy- ola in the establishment of the order of Jesuits. He was a zealous coadjutor of Loyola, and rendered great service to the interests of the new order by his mis- sionary journeys into Italy, Spain and Germany. He died in 1546, on his wa}^ to the Council of Trent. His life, by Orlandini, was published at Rome, 1615, fol. ; Lyons, 1617, 8vo. — Migne, Diet, de Biagraphie, ii, 156. See Loyola ; Jesuits.
Faber {Favre'), Pierre Francois, a Roman Cath- olic divine, was born about the opening of the 18th centuiy, at St. Barthelemie, canton de Yaud. He was pi-iest at Laudun, in Lower Languedoc, when chosen by the bishop of Halicarnassus, Francois de la Baume, personal secretarj' and confessor on his visitation-tour to Cochin China. Thej' reached Macao July 15, 1738, and were there, under the pretence of being entertain- ed as visitors, kept as prisoners of the Jesuits some eight months. On their arrival in Cochin China in May, the bishop commenced his visitation work among the missionaries. The converted natives complained bitterly against certain missionaries who had excom- municated them under pretence of Jansenism, but real- 1}' on account of their refusal to adhere to the heathen ceremonies and funeral sacrifices which the Jesuits al- lowed their Chinese converts to follow. The bishop took the side of the people, and was accused by the Jesuits before the mandarins as a disturber of tlie pub- lic peace, and he, as well as his secretary, narrowly escaped execution. The bishop appointed Favre his agent to visit the Southern provinces. The opposition with which both were met by the Jesuits shortly after- wards inclined the bishop to divide the country be- tween the Jesuits, the French missionaries, and the Franciscans. The death of the bishop was hastened Ijy sorrow and ill treatment as Faber has it, or by poi- son as one of the Franciscans reported to Rome. Fa- ber attempted to assume the duties of his position as agent, but, finding that he could not act with success against the opposition of the Jesuits, he returned to Rome August 8, 1741, in order to report to the propa- ganda and to the pope. But even in Rome he found the Jesuits beforehand in undermining him by slander and every other means in their power, and the decree of the pope did not appear until Faber had almost aliandoned the hope of ever receiving it. This decree (issued 1745) in the main sanctioned the acts of Faber and his predecessor. He gives a full account of the mission in Lettres edifiantes et curieuses siir fa visile apostolique de M. de la Baume, Evique d' Halicarn.isse, a la Cochinchine en 1740; oil Van voit les voyages et les trnvaux de ce zile PrHat, la conduite des 3Iissionaires Ji'suitcs, et de quelques auires, avec de nouvelles observa- tions, etc. The work was condemned by the bishop at Lausanne, and was publicly burned at Freiburg. All co])ies that could be procured the Jesuits bought up, in order to prevent its circulation. An extract is given by Simler in his Saminl. a. u. n. Urkunden zur Beleuch- tung der Kirchengesch, i, 195-256. — Herzog, Reat-Ency- klop. iv, 309.