Farne'worth, Ellis, an English divine, was born in the parish of Bonsall, Derbyshire, England, of which his father was rector, pursued his studies first at Chesterfield School, then at Eton, and then at Jesus College, Cambridge. In 1763 he was presented to the rectory of Carsington, in his native county, where he died in 1763. His works, which are all translations, are : 1. Life of Pope Sextus V, from the Italian of Gre- gorio Leti, vdth Preface, etc. (London, 1754, fob, and Dublin, 1778, 8vo) : — 2. A short History of the Isra- elites, from abbe Fleury's Les Maurs des Israelites (Loud. 1756, 8vo ; new edition by Adam Clarke, Lond. 1805, 12mo ; republished N. Y. in 16mo) :— 3. The His- tory of the Civil Wars of France, from the Italian of Davila (1757, 2 vols. 4to) ■.—^. The Works of Jfachia- vel, translated, with Notes, Anecdotes, and Life (1761, 2 vols. 4to, and 1775, 4 vols. 8vo), a work not appre- ciated during the life of the translator, but now com- manding a high price (Disraeli, Calamities of Authors, Lond. and N.Y. 1859, p. 84). See IJose, Neio Gen. Biog. Diet., and AUibone, Diet, of Authors, s. v. (J.W. M.)
Farnovius (Stanislaus Faunouski or Farnb- sius), one of the principal Antitrinitarians of Poland, was a jjupil of Peter Gonesius (q. v.). After siding for some time with the Socinians, he became in 1567 a violent champion of the right wing of Unitarianism, teaching, in the true Arian sense, the sulyection of the Son to the Father, without, however, denying the pre-
FAROE ISLANDS
4"86
FAST
existence of tlie supernatural part of his nature. The followers of his system are called Farnovians or Far- nesians. Faruovius vi<;orously attackeil the Socinian win"^ -which maintained that Christ was essentially a man, but is to be worshipped as God since his ascen- sion. He found it difficult, however, to retain the half-way position he had taken, and in the course of events most of liis followers joined the main body of tlie Unitarians, especially when Socinus became tlie cliLcf of tliat party. His own school vanished at his deatli, about 1()14. — Hcrzog, Real-Encijklop. iv, 331 ; Zellner, Il'igt. Ori/pto-Socinismi, i, 1201 ; Bock, Hist. Aiitllrinitaiiorum; O. Fock, Socinianismus, i, 155 sq.; Moslicim,t7i«?rA History, iii, 242; Trechsel, Die protest. Antitrini/iirier, vols, i and ii.
Faroe Islands. See Denjiark.
Farrant, Richard, an eminent composer of mu- sic, and regarded as one of the fathers of Church mu- sic in England, was born in the earh' part of the ICth century, and died about 1585. His name appears on the list of gentlemen of the chapel to Edward VI in 15G4, and he was afterwards organist and master of the clioristers of St. George's Chapel, Windsor. His "compositions for the Cliurch, simple as they seem, are so solemn, so devout, so tender, and affecting, that they may challenge comparison with the sacred music of any age or countr}'" {Pictorial Hist.'). Many of his pieces are found in the collections of Boyce and Bar- nard. The best are, '• Hide not thou thy face," "Call to remembrance," and "Lord, for th}' tender mercy's sake." — Rose, Neio Gen. Bicg. Diet.; Allibone, Diet, of Authors ; Pictorial Hist, oj" Englind, in, 5G2 (Cham- bers's ed.). (J.W. M.)
Farthing is the rendering in the Auth. Vers, for two Roman coins of different values. See Money.
1. The assarlus (Groecized unaiipiov. Matt, x, 20 ; Luke xii, G), properly a small as, asutrinvi, but in the time of our Lord used as the Gr. equivalent of the Lat. as. lu the texts cited it is put (like our term " a cop- per") for anj' trifling amount. The Yulg. in ^latt. x, 29 renders it by as, and in Lulve xii, G, puts dipomhiis for two assaria, tlie dipondius or dupond us being equal to two ases. The aaaapiov is therefore either the Ro- man as, or the more common equivalent in Palestine in the Grreco-Roman series, or perhaps both. The ren-
fourth of an as, equal to two lej^ta (Mark, /. c .), a small copper coin, ctjual nearly to two fifths of a cent. The name qua- dranswas originally giv- en to tlie piece of three ounces, therefore also called teruncius. Hence it bore tliree balls as its distinctive mark (Kitto, Picto7-i<d Bible, note on i.umau .i6'. Mark,;, c). iLh&lcpton,
\f Trrot', was originally a very small Greek copper coin,
^.ssan'oji of Cliio'.
dcring of the Yulg. in Luke xii, G makes it probable tliat a single coin is intended by two assaria, and this opinion is strengthened by the occurrence, on coins of Chios, struck during the imperial period, but without the heads of emperors, and therefore of tlie Greek au- tonomous class, of the words ACCAPION, ACC.APIA SYO, ACCAPIA TPIA. The ha'f assarion of the same island has also been found, }ct it is of the same size as the full assarion (Akerman, Xum'smafic Illus- trations of the New Tes- tament, p. 7).
The proper as was a cojiper coin, the Roman unit of value for small sums, equal to a tenth of the denarius or drachma, i. c. IJ cents (Smith's Diet, if Class. Antiq. s. V. As). See Pe^iny.
2. Tlie quadnins (Grre- cizcd Kdinaf'-iic, Matt. V, 26 ; Mark xii, 42), the
liomiia Qiudraiifi.
seven of wliich with the Athenians went to the xa\- Koi'c, or Ironze piece. The copper currency of Pales- tine, in the reign of Tiberius, was partly of Roman coins, partly of Grwco-Roman (technically Greek Im-