against Faustus his work De statu animai''' (Neander, Church History, Torrey, ii, 045). — Clarke, Succession of iSctc. Lit. ii, 255 ; Neander, History of Dorjmus, IJy- land, ii, 383; Moslieim, Ch. Hist. cent, v, pt. ii, ch. v, § 26, n. 55; Ceillier, Auteurs Sacres (Paris, 18(il), x, 420— iSG. See Seju-Pelagians ; Massiliass.
Faustus, Socinus. See Socinus.
Faustus, St. {trAc/aune), Avas born about A.D. 460, but the date of his deatii is unknown. He be- came a monk in the convent of Agaune, in Valois, and in 505 went to Paris with Severinus, his abbot, who was called thither by Clovis I to employ his medical skill in treating him for a chronic fever. On his re- turn journej' Severinus died, and Faustus, who had remained in France, was commissioned by Childebert to write his life. This work is commendable for its simplicity, exactness, and scant mention of miracles as wrought by its subject, in an age whose literature is replete with such marvels. The best edition is that bj^ ^labillon in the A eta Sanctorum Ord. Sancti Bene- dicii (Paris, 1668-1710, 9 vols. fol. ; reprinted at Ven- ice, 1733, 9 vols. fol.). The Acta Sanctorum assigns the 11th of February to St. Faustus d'Agaune. — Hoe- fer, Nouv. Biog. Gener. xvii, 202. (J.W. M.)
Faustus, St. (de GlaifeuW). was one of the Bene- dictine monks who came with St. JNLaurus to France, A.D. 543, and assisted in founding the first monastery of his order in that country at Glanfeuil (Glannafo- lium), in Anjou. In 585, after the death of jNlaurus, he returned to Italy, and became an inmate of the monaster}' of Lateran at Komo, where, at the instance of his brother monks, he wrote a life of St. Maurus, and presented it to pope Boniface IV, who approved it about 607. Faustus died some time after this (on a loth of Februarj', according to the Bollandists), and was buried in the monastery of Lateran. His life of St. Maurus reflects the spirit of the age, a ci'edulous faith in tlie marvellous, and abounds in uninteresting and prolix details. Surius ( Vitce Sanctorum, etc.), Du Breul {Supplem. Antiq. etc.), and Mabillon (,4 eta Sanct. Ord. Sancti Beiiedieti^ have edited it. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xvii, 202-3. (.J. W. M.)
Faustus, THE Manicii.ean, a prominent bishop of the Maiiicha3ans, was a native of Mileve, in Nu- midia. Our knowledge of him is almost exclusivel}'' derived from the writings of Augustine. When be- ginning to doubt the truth of the Manichasan doctrines which he had adopted during his stay at Carthage, Augustine ■was referred by his ^Manichxan teachers whom he consulted, and who were unable to solve his doubts, to Faustus, as the ablest man of the sect. Au- gustine did not, however, find in Faustus what he had expected ; his knowledge was by no means so exten- sive and so profound as the Manichajans generally be- lieved. Of Latin literature he had only read some orations of Cicero, a part of Seneca's works, a few po- ets, and the Latin works of Manichsean authors. He confessed an entire ignorance of natural sciences. He was, however, possessed of a great readiness of speech and dexterity in argument. Faustus subsequently wrote a work against the doctrines of the Christian Church and in defence of the ]Manichaeans, in ivhich the ol)jections of his sect to the Scriptures, and in par- ticular to the Old Testament, are presented with some keenness and wit. Augustine, induced liy his friends, wrote against Faustus his work Contra Faustum Mani- chtum Lihri x.rxiii (compiled about 400; sent to Je- rome 404), in which nearly the whole of the work of Faustus is quoted. Augustine relates of him that he led a life of luxurious ease, regarded himself as the Incarnate ^^'isdom, was for a time exiled for his Man- iciijean opinions to an island, but subsequently released. The work of Augustine against Faustus is in the 8th volume of his works in the Maurine and Migne edi- tions. See Augustine. Manicii.eans. — Herzog,
FAVOR
510
FEAR OF GOD
Real-Encyllnp. iv, 342 ; Wetzer u."V\'elte, Kirchen-Lex. iii, 927. (A. J. S.)
Favor. See Grace.
Favre. See Faber.
Fawcett, Benjamin, an English dissenting min- ister, was born at hileafortl, Lincolnshire, in 1715, and died in 17.S0. He was a pupil of Dr. Doddrid^'e at Northampton, and preached lirst at Taunton, and then at Kidderminster, where he was pastor of a congrega- tion of Dissenters for 35 years. He was a strict econ- omist of time, and attributed his uninterrupted good health to his temperate mode of life and the habit of early rising. His worlvs are, Sermons (175G-80), an aliridgment of Baxter's Saints' Everlastlvg Rest, and ReUgious Mdancholy (1780, Svo).— liose. New Gen. Biog. Diet. ; Allibone, Diet, of Authors.
Fawcett, John, D.D., an eminent Baptist min- ister, was born in Yorlisliire Jan. 0, 1739, joined a Bap- tist churcli in 1758, and was ordained minister at Wainsgate in 17G4. Here he opened an academy, at which many ministers were educated, among them Ward of Serampore. He was a self-taught, but well- informed man : in theology he was a moderate Calvin- ist. He died July 25, 1^19. He published The Sick Man's Friend (1774) :—////*"«« (Leeds, 1781, 12mo) : — Essai/ on Anger (Leeds, 1787, T-'mo) : — Devotional Fam- ily Bible (1807-11, 2 vols. 4to).— Jones, Christian Bi- ography, s. v.'; Jamieson, Cyclop. (/Biography, p. 194.