Flemingians or Flamingians. See Mennon-
ITES.
Flamming, Paul, a German poet and hymn maker, was born October 15, 1609, at Hartenstein, in Schonburg, and studied medicine at Leipsic. In 1633 he accompanied the embassy sent by the duke of IIol- stein to Russia, and in 1635 was attached to an embassy to Persia. He returned in 1639, and died in Hamburg April 2, 1640. His Geistliche und weltliche Poemata (.lena, 1642) contain manj' love songs, and also sacred poems; among them tlio l)eautiful hy.nn In alien un- IIL— P p
seren Thaten, a translation of which is given in Miss Winkworth's Lyra Germanica, second series, p. 149. His life, with his select poems, was published by Schwab (Stuttgard, 1820). See Knapp, Evangelischer Liederschatz (Stuttg. 1837), and Miiller, in the Bibho- thek deutscher Dichter des 17 Jahrhundert (Lpz. 1822, 3 vols.). — Chambers, Cyclopedia, s. v.
Flentes, 7rpor(cX«io»'rcc;, mourners or weepers, can- didates for penance in the earlj' Church. 'Iheir sta- tion was in the church porch, where they lay pros- trate, begging the prayers of the faithful as they went in, and desiring to be admitted to do public penance in the church. See Penitents.
Flesh. 1. ^ba, basar [Chald. Ib3, hesar'"\ (so called from its plump freshness), (7«p£, terms of exten- sive application in the O. and N. T. (see Gesenius, Heb. Lex. ; Robinson, N. T. Lexicon ; Wenn'ss, Clavis Symbolica). Thej' are applied generally to the whole animal creation, whether man or beast ; or to all be- ings "^vhose material substance is flesh (Gen. vi, 13, 17, 19 ; vii, 15, 16, 21 ; viii, 17) ; and to the flesh of cattle, meat, as used for food (Exod. xvi, 12; Lev. vii, 19; Numb, xi, 4, 13). See Food. Specially : 1. All tlesh, i. c. all men, the human race, mankind (Gen. vi, 12 ; Psa. vi, 2; cxlv, 21; Isa. xl, 5, 6; Luke iii, 6; John xvii, 2 ; Acts ii, 17 ; 1 Pet. i, 24 ; Matt, xxiv, 22 ; Rom. iii, 20; Gal. ii, 16); 2. "Flesh," or the body, as dis- tinguished from " soul" or " spirit" (Job xiv, 22 ; xix, 26 ; Prov. xiv, 30 ; Isa. x, 18 ; John vi, 52 ; 1 Cor. v, 5 ; 2 Cor. iv, 11 ; vii, 1 ; Colos. ii, 5 ; 1 Pet. iv, 6) ; so also "flesh and blood" [see Blood] as a periphrasis for the whole animal nature or man (Heb. ii, 14) ; 3. Human nature, man (Gen. ii, 23, 24 ; Matt, xix, 5, 6 ; 1 Cor. vi, 16 ; Ephes. v, 29-31) ; spoken also of the in- carnation of Christ (John i, 14; vi, 51; Rom.i, 3; Ephes. ii, 15 ; Colos. i, 22 ; 1 Tim. iii, 16 ; Heb. v, 7 ; x, 20 ; 1 Pet. iii, 18 ; 1 John iv, 2, 3 ; 2 John 7) ; 4. As the me- dium of external or natural genei-ation, and of conse- quent kindred, relationship (Gen. xxix, 14 ; xxxvii, 27; Judg. ix, 2; 2 Sam. v, 1; xix, 13; John 1, 13; Rom. ix, 8 ; Heb. ii, 11-14 ; xii, 9) ; of one's countrj'- men (Rom. ix, 3; xi, 14; Acts ii, 30; Gal. iv, 23); also of anj' other person, a fellow-mortal (Isa. Ivlii, 7); 5. "Flesh" is also used as a modest general term for the secret parts (Gen. xvii, 11; Exod. xxviii, 42; Lev. XV, 2, 3, 7, 16, 19; Ezek. xxiii, 20; 2 Pet. ii, 10; Jude 7) ; in Prov. v, 11, the " flesh" of the intemperate is described as being consumed by infamous diseases ; 6. Spoken of circumcision in the flesh, the external rite (Gen. xvii, 11; Rom. ii, 28; 2 Cor. xi, 18; Gal. iii, 3 ; Ephes. ii, 11) ; 7. Spoken figuratively of human nature as opposed to the Spirit of God (Gen. vi, 3 ; Job X, 4 ; Isa. xxxi, 3 ; Psa. Ivi, 4 ; Jer. ^vii, 5 ; Matt. xvi, 17; 2 Cor. x, 4; Gal. i, 16); the unregenerate nature, the seat of carnal appetites and desires {Meth. Quart. Rev. April, 1861, p. 240 sq[.), wliether physical or moral (Rom. vii, 5 ; viii, 1, 4, 5, 8 ; Gal. v, 16, 17 ; Ephes. ii, 3) ; and as implj'ing weakness, frailtj', im- perfection, both physical and moral (Psa. Ixxviii, 39 ; Matt, xxvi, 41 ; Mark xiv, 38 ; John iii, 6 ; Rom. vi, 19 ; 1 Cor. XV, 50 ; 2 Cor. x, 3 ; Ephes. vi, 12).
Other terms occasionally rendered " flesh" in the O. T. are "iXb, sheer' (from a similar idea of fulness), Psa. Ixxiii, 26; Ixxviii, 20, 27; Prov. xi, 17; Jer. Ii, 35 ; Mic. iii, 2, 3 (elsewhere " food," " body," " kin"), which has more especial reference to the muscle or physical element, as food or a bodily constituent (see 'We\\eT,Erkldrungd. zioeihebr. IFor^er. ^bS und "IXb, Lpz. 1757) ; also nn^Ii, tihchah' , a slaughtered carcase (1 Sam. XXV, 11; "slaughter," i. e. slaughter-honse, Psa. xliv, 22; Jer. xii, 3); and DWb, lechum' , food (Zeph. i, 17 ; " eating," Job xx, 23).
2. Eshpar' (labN), an obscure Heb. word, found only in 2 Sam. vi, 19 , 1 Chron. xvi, 3. The Sept. appears to understand by the term some peculiar sort