Gaston. See Anthony, St., Orders of (vol. i, p. 252).
Gastrell, Francis, bishop of Chester, was born at Slapton, in Northamptonshire, about 16G2, and was educated at Westminster School and at Christ Church College, Oxford. He became preacher at Lincoln's Inn, and Boyle lecturer. In 1700 he took the degree of D.D., and in 1702 he was appointed canon of Christ Church, Oxford. In 1711 he was made chaplain to the queen, and in 1714 bishop of Chester, with permis- sion to retain his canonry, but he resigned his preach- ershi]) at Lincoln's Inn. Though never friendly to bishop Atterliurv's politics, he stood by liim in Parlia- ment when the Bill of Pains and Penalties was brought in against him, and voted against his banishment. He survived that event but a few j-ears. The gout put an end to his life, Nov. 24, 1725. His most impor- tant writings are. The Certainty of lieligion in general, Boyle lecture (Lond. 1697, 8vo) •.— The'^ Certainty nfthe Christian lievelation (Lond. 1('>99, 8vo) : — The Christian Institutes (Lond. 1717, 12mo, 3d ed.) : — Lat. Inslitutioncs Christiance (Lond. 1718, 12mo): — Deism truly represent- ed (Lond. 1722, 8vo.) : — Remarks on Clarke's Doctrine of the Trinity (Lond. 1714, 8vo).— Hook, Biog. Kccleg. vol. v ; Chalmers, Biog. Dictionary, s. v.
Gataker, Charles, son of Thomas Gataker (see
GATAKER
749
GATE
below), was born at Rotherhithe about 1614, and was educated at St. Paul's. Scliool, at Sidney College, Cam- bridge, and at Pembroke College, Oxford. He be- came chai)lain to viscount Falkland, and afterwards rector of Hoggeston, in Buckinghamsliire, where he continued from 1647 till his death in 1680. Among his writiuL's are, The Way of Truth and Peace, or a Iteconciliiition of St. Paul and St. James concerning Jus- tification (1669, 8vo) : — An Ansirer to five captious Ques- tions projwunded by a Factor for the Papacy, bi/ parallel Questions and positive Resolutions (Lond. 1673, 4to) : — The Papists' Bait, or their tisiial Method if (jaining Proselytes answered (Lond. 1674, 4to) : — Ichnographia Doclrinm de Justficatione secundum Typmn in Monte (Lond. 1681, 4to). Gataker wrote Animadversions on Pull's llarmonia ApostoUca, which brought out Bull's Examen Censurce. — Hook, Eccl. Biog. v, 276 ; Woods, A then. Oxon. vol. ii.
Gataker, Thomas, was born Sept. 4, 1574, in London, where his father was rector of St. Edmund's. He -was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, and al)out 1601 became preacher at Lincoln's Inn. He held this employment for ten )'ears, and applied him- self especially to the study of the Scriptures in Hebrew and Creek, and wrote several works in illustration of the Old Testament. He also wrote Of the Nature and Use of Lots (Lond. 1619, 4to), in which he distinguishes between innocent and unlawful games of chance. In 1011 lie was appointed rector of Rotherhithe. In 1637 he printed a defence of his treatise on Lots under the title ThomtB Gataheri Londinutis Antithesis prirtim G. Ampsii,p:irtim, G. Voeii.i de Sorte tkesibus reposita (4to). In 1642 he was chosen to sit in the Westminster As- sembh', where in several instances he differed from the majority. He afterwards wrote, Mith others, the A nnotations on the Bible, which were published by the Asseml)ly; the notes on Isaiah and Jeremiah are by him. "In 1648, Gataker, witli other London clergy- men, to the number of forty-seven, remonstrated against the measures taken bj' the Long Parliament with respL'ct to king Charles, and he became, in conse- quence, an object of suspicion to the ruling powers, but b}- his mild conduct he escaped personal anuoj'ance. In 1652 he published a Latin translation of M. Aure- lius's Afeditations, witli valuable notes, tables of refer- ence, and a preliminary discourse on the philosophy of the Stoics. In the latter part of his life he had to sustain a controversy against the pretended astrologer AVilliam Lilly." He died June 27, 1654. His Opera Cii'ica, edited bj"^ Witsius, were published at Utrecht, 1(;9S, 2 vols, fol., containing, besides the Meditations, his Cinnus and Adversaria Miscellanea, being disqui- sitions on Biblical subjects, and Be Novi Testamenti S/y!o, witli other philological and critical essajs. Ga- tiker was a man of high reputation for learning. Echard remarks of him that he " was the most cele- brated of the assembl}- of divines, being higldy es- teemed b}' Salmasius and other foreigners ; and it is i hard to say which is most remarkable, liis exemplary piety and charity, his polite literature, or his humility and modesty in refusing preferments." — Hook, Eccles. Biog. v, 275 ; Jones, Christian Biography ; English Cy- clopccdia, s. V. ; Wood, Athence Oxon. vol. ii.
Ga'tam (Hoi). Gatam', tlFl"ii, according to Ge- senius from the Awilt. jmny ; according to Furst from Cn:v'""'5, a burnt valley; Sept. Vo^w^i and Vo^djx v. r. VoM^iaii ; Vulg. Gotham and Gothan), the fourth named of the sons of Eliphaz, the son of Esau, and founder of a corresponding Edomitish tribe (Gen. xxxvi, 11, 16; 1 Ciu-on. i, 36). B.C. post 1927. Knobel (Gen. ad loc.) compares Jodam, an Arab tril)e inhabiting the Hisma, a part of Mt. Sherah, tlie " having dro[)ped from the name (Gesenius, Thes. p. 976) ; while Rodiger (ib. Ap- pend, p. 80) refers to the Arab tribe .Tethaniah, men- tioned by Ibn-Duraid (1854, p. 300). See Idum^a.
Gatch, Philip, a Methodist Episcopal minister, was born in JIarvland ISIareh 2, 1751 ; was converted in 1772 ; entered the Philadelphia Conference as a trav- elling preacher in 1774 ; labored in New Jersey, Penn- sylvania, and ^Marjdand for some years, and in Vir- ginia for about twentj' years. He then emigrated to tlie Northwestern Territory in 1798, and settled near the village of Cincinnati, where, after a useful career as a citizen and minister in that new countrj-, he died, December 28, 1835. See M'Lean, Sketch of Philip Gatch (Cincinnati, 1854) ; Minutes rf Conferences, ii, 403 ; Sprague, Annals, vii, 50.