2. In Gen. xiv, 5, we meet with a race termed Re- phaim (CXS"!), as settled on the other side of the Jordan, in Ashteroth-Karnaim, whom Cliedorlaomer defeated. Of this race was Og, king of Bashan, who alone remained, in the days of Moses (Dent, iii, 10), of the remnant of the Kephaim. A passage, which is ob- viously from a later hand, goes on to say, " Behold, his bedstead ('w"!", canopy, others coffin; see Michae- lis, Dathe, Rosenmiillcr) was a coffin of iron ; is it not in Rabbath of the children of Amnion ? nine cu- bits is its length and four cubits its breadth, according to the cubit of a man," or the natural length of the cu- bit. See Cubit. It does not appear to us to be enough to say that Og was " no doubt a man of un- usual stature, but we cannot decide with accuracy what his stature was from the length of the iron couch of state or coffin in which he w^as placed" (Wellbe- loved, ad loc). Whatever theory of explanation may be ado])ted, the writer of the passage clearly intended to speak of Og as a giant, and one of a race of giants (compare Josh, xii, 4; xiii, 12). See Og. This race gave their name to a valley near Jerusalem, termed by the Sept. // koiXuq tmv rirarMv. See Rephaim.
The rephaim (A. V. "dead") of Job xxvi, 5 ; Prov. ii, 8, etc, are doubtless the shades of the departed. See Dead.
3. The Analim (C^pDX or p:"~''"3, sons of AnaF). In Numb, xiii, the spies sent iiy ]\ioses before his army to survey the promised land, report, among other things, " The people be strong that dwell in the land; and, moreover, we saw the cliildren of Anak ' (verse 28). This indirect mention of the children of Anak shows that they were a well-known gigantic race. In the 32d and 33d verses the statement is enliancerl — " It is a land that eateth up the inhabitants; and all the people that wc saw in it are men of great stature. And there we saw the giants, the sons of Anak which
GIANT
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GIANT
came of the giants ; and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight." How- ever much of exaggeration fear may have given to the description, the passage seems beyond a doubt to show the current belief in a race of giants (Deut. ix, 2). From Deut. ii, 10, it appears that the size of the Ana- kim became proverbial, and was used as a standard with which to compare others. In the time of Moses they dwelt in the environs of Hebron (Josh, xi, 22). They consisted of three branches or clans — " Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai — the children of Anak" (Numb. xiii, 22). They were destroyed hy Joshua (Josh, xi, 21) "from the mountains, from Hebron, from Debir, from Anal), and from all the mountains of Judah, and from all the mountains of Israel: Joshua destroyed theui utterly with their cities. Tiierc was none of the Anakim loft in the land of the children of Israel : only in Gaza, in Gath, and in Ashdod, there remained" (Judg. i, 20; Josh, xiv, 12). See Anakim.
From this remnant of the Anakim thus left in Gath of the Philistines proceeded the famous Goliath (r^ipi'),
1 Sam. xvii, 4. This giant is said to have been in height six cubits and a span. He challenged the army of Israel, and put the soldiers in great alarm. The army of the Pliilistines and that of Israel were, how- ever, on the point of engaging, when David, the youn- gest son of Jesse, came near, bringing, at the command of his father, a supply of provisions to his three eldest brothers, wlio had followed Saul to the battle ; and, becoming aware of the defiance which had l)een again hurled at "the armies of the living God," he at once went and presented himself as a champion to the king ; Avas offered, but refused, a coat of mail ; and, arming himself solely with a sling, smote the Philistine in his forehead, so that he fell upon his face to the earth, and was decapitated bj' David with his own sword. A general victory ensued. This achievement is ascribed to the divine aid (xvii, 46, 47). In 2 Sam. xxi, 19, "Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam," is said to have been slain by Ellia- nan, a chief in David's army. This apparent contra- diction the connnon version tries to get over by in- serting words to make this Goliath the brother of him •whom David put to death. Some suppose that the former was a descendant of the latter, bearing the same, perhaps a family name. See, however, the par- allel passage in 1 Chron. xx, 5. Otjier giants of the Philistines are mentioned in the passage before cited,
2 Sam. xxi, IG sq., namelj- : 1. " Ishbi-benob, which was of the sons of the giant, the weight of whose spear weighed three hundred shekels of brass, he being gird- ed with a new sword, thouglit to have slain David ; but Abishai, the son of Zeruiah, succored liim, and smote the Philistine and killed him." 2. Saph, who was of the sons of the giant, and was slain by Sibbe- chai. 3. " A man of great stature, that had on every hand six fingers and on every foot six toes, four and twenty in number, and he also was born to the giant ; and when he defied Israel, Jonathan, the son of Shim- eah, the brother of David, slew him." These four were sons of the giant in Gath, that is, probably of the Goliath of Gath whom David slew (1 Kings xx, 8 ; 2 Sam. XX, 22; 1 Sam. xvii, 4). See each of these names in their alphabetical order.