Biblical Chaldee, 1828 ; 2d edit, enlarged, New Haven, 1832, 8vo. In 1824 he was called to bo lecturer of sa- cred literature in the theological school of Yale Col- lege. In 1826 a professorship in that branch was founded, to which Mr. Gibbs was called. He remain- ed in this post until his death, March 25, 1861, at New Haven. Professor Gibbs was a constant contributor to periodicals, especially on the points of Biblical crit- icism, archaeology, and philological science. Many of his valuable papers appeared in newspapers, often anonymously. Others were published in the Chris- tian Spectator, Biblical RejMsitorij, New Englander, and American Journal of Science. During his later years his attention was chiefly given to comparative gram- mar, and in this branch, as in every other which he touched, his work was that of a thorough scholar. For several j'ears he was one of the publishing committee of the American Oriental Society. Some of his essays were collected, with additions, under the title Philo- logical Stxidies, uith English Illustrations (New Haven, 1856), and Teutonic Etymology (New Haven, 1860). — Fisher, in New Englander, July, 1861, art. ii,
Gib'ea (Heb. Giba', Xyn5, hill; Sept. Tai(iaa v. r. r«t/3«X), a place built or occupied in connection with Macbenah by Sheva, son of Caleb's concubine Maaciiah (1 Chron. ii, 49) ; hence probably the same with GiBEAH (q. V.) of Judah (Josh, xv, 57).
Gib'eah (Heb. Gibah', "1^33, a hill, as the word is sometimes rendered ; likewise the Sept., which usu- ally has Tajiad, but in Josh, xviii Vaftada ; Josephus Tafja^l), Ant. vi, 4, 6), the name of three cities, all doubtless situated on hills. The term is derived, ac- cording to Gesenius (Thes. p. 259, 2G0), from a root, "5') signifying to be round or humped (compare the Latin gibbus, Eng. gibbons ; the Arabic jcbel, a moun- tain, and the German gip/el). It is employed in the Heb. Bible to denote a '' hill," that is, an eminence of less considerable height and extent than a " moun- tain," the term for which is "ill, har. For the distinc- tion between the two terms, see Psa. cxlviii, 9; Prov. viii, 25; Isa. ii, 2; xl, 4, etc. In the historical books gibeah is commonly applied to the bald, rounded hills of Central Palestine, especially in the neighborhood of Jerusalem (Stanlej% Palest. App. § 25). There is no lack of thecorresponding name among the villages of Central Palestine. Several of these are merely men- tioned as appellatives :
(1.) The "hill of the foreskins" (Josh, v, 3), be- tween the Jordan and Jericho; it derives its naine from the circumcision which took place there, and the vi- cinity seems afterwards to have received the name of GiLGAL (q. v.).
(2.) " The hill" of Kirjath-jearim, a place in which the ark remained from the time of its return by the Philistines till its removal by David (2 Sam. vi, 3, 4; comp. 1 Sam. vii, 1, 2). See Kikjatii-jeakim.
(3.) The hill of Moreh (Judg. vii, 1). See Moreh.
(4.) The hill of God— Gibeah ha-Elohim (1 Sam. x, 5) ; one of the places in the route of Saul, which is so difficult to trace. In verses 10 and 13 it is apparently called "the hill," and "the high place." See Elo-
HIM.
(5.) The hill of Hachilah (1 Sam. xxiii, 19 ; xxvi, 1). See IlAtniLAii.
(6.) The hill of Ammah (2 Sam. ii, 24). See Am-
MAH.
(7.) The hill of Gareb (Jer. xxxi, 39). See Gareb. — Smith, s. V.
1. Gibeah of Benjamin is historically the most important of the places bearing this name. It is call- ed "Gibeah of Benjamin" (1 Sam. xiii, 15; 2 Sam. xxiii, 29) and "-Gibeah of Saul" (1 Sam. xi, 4; Isa. X, 19; \6(poc Snoi'iXoi', Josephus, 1 Tor, v, 2, 1); also " Gibeah of God," rendered hill of God (1 Sam. x, 5) ; and GiBEATH (Josh, xviii, 28, where it is enumerated
GIBEAH
849
GIBEON"