Harue'pher (Heb. Chame'pher, ^SSnO, perhaps snortr; Sei>l. 'Apj^ff^rtV), Vidg. lldriKiphi;)', one of the sons of Zophah, a chief of llie tribe of Aslier (1 Chron. vii, 3(!), B.C. between U\\-> and 10."):5.
Harness occurs in several senses in the Eng. Vers, as the rendering of ditTerent Heb. words.
1. "IDX {(isar', prop, to Uml, as it is generally ren- dered) is sometimes applied to tlie act of fastening ani- mals to a cart or vehicle^ e. g. yokim/ kiiie (1 Sam. vi, 7, 10, "tie") or horses (,Ier. .xlvi^ 4, "harness"), fiearinl) a cliariot ((Jen. xlvi, 2!); Exod. xiv, (5; ■> Kings ix,"'21, '• make ready"), or absolutely ( 1 Kings xviii, 44 ; 2 Kings ix, 21, "prepare"). From the monuments we see that- tlic harness of the Egjnitian war-chariots was comjiosed of leather, and the trappings were riclily decorated, be- ing stained with a great variety of colors, and stuilded M-ith gold and silver. See Chakiot.
HAROD
2. In the old English sense for armnr (pT^3 or ptJS, m'shek, warlike accoutrements, elsewhere " armor," " weapons," etc.), 2 Chron. ix, 24, See Arjior.
3. In a like sense for '(^"id (skiri/an', 1 Kings xxii, 34 ; 2 Chron. xviii, 33), a coat of iimil (" breastplate," Isa. lix, 17). See Akmois.
4. "Harnessed" (Cdpn, chammhim' , from C'?H, in the sense of hem^ Jierce for battle) is the expression used to represent the equijiped concUtion of the Israel- ites as they passed out of Egypt (Exod. xiii, 18 ; "ann- ed," Josh.'i, 14; iv, 12, Judg. vii, 11), and seems to de- note their orderly and intrepid disposal as if to meet a foe (the ancient versions interpret generally /(///-arwcJ). (See Gesenius, Lex. s. v.)
Ha'rcd (Heb. Charod', '11111; Sept. 'Apwd v. r. 'Apdc), a brook or place O''?, a spring or fountain, "well," Sept. TT^y//) not far from Jezreel and IVIount Gilboa (" Gilead," Judg. vii, 3), by (b?) which Gideon and his great army encamped on the morning of the day which ended in the rout of the Midianites (Judg. vii, 1), and wliere the trial of the people by their mode of drinking apparently took place. See Gideon. The name means '■ jxdpitation," and it has been suggested that it originated in consequence of the alarm and ter- ror of most of the men who were here tested by Gideon (ver. 3, 5) ; but this supposition seems very far-fetched, and the name more probably arose from some peculiar- ity in the outflow of the stream, or from some jterscju or circumstance otherwise unknown. Tlie word, slightly al- tered, recurs in the proclamation to the host — " ^^'hoso- ever is fearftd and trembling (1in, chared'), let him re- turn" (ver. 3) ; but it does not follow that the name Cha- rod was, as Prof. Stanley proposes, bestowed on account of the trembling, for the mention of the trembling may have been suggested by the previously existing name of the fountain : either would suit the paronomastic vein in which these ancient records so delight. The word cha- 1-ed (A.V. "was afraid") recurs in the description of an- other event which took place in this neighborhood, pos- sibly at this very spot — Said's last encounter with the Philistines— when he "was afraid, and his heart trem- bled greatly" at the sight -_>f their fierce hosts (1 Sam. xxviii, 5). It was situated south of the hill jMoreh, where the ]Midianites were encamped in the vaUey of Jezreel (ver. 1), and on the brow of the hills overlook- ing that plain on the south (ver. 8). As the camps were not far distant from each other (com]iare \^r. 10-15), it must have been in a narrow part of the valley, and prob- ably near its head (for the invaders came from the east, chap, vi, 3, and fled down the eastern defiles, chap, vii, 22). Hence the position of the present A in Jalud, south of Jezreel, is very probably that of the fountain in question (Stanley's Sinai and Palest, p. 334-336). This spring, which gives rise to a small stream flowing east- ward down the wady of the same name, is evidently the representative of tlie ancient name Gilead applied to this spot [see Gii-iiAr), 2], and has thus supplanted the other name Harod. Indeed it- is probable tliat the lat- ter was rather the name of a town in the neighborhood, since we find mention of its inhabitants (2 Sam. xxiii, 25 ). See Hauoditi.;. " The valley of Jezreel referred to is an eastern arm of the great plain of Esdraelon, bounded on the south by Gilboa, and on the north by a parallel ridge called the " hill of Moreh" (q. v.). It is about three miles wide. See Jezreel. The Midianites were encamped along the base of IVIoreh, and probably near the town of Shimem. On the south side of the valley, at the base of Gilboa, and nearly opposite Shu- nem, is the fountain of Ain Jalud. It is about a mile east of Jezreel, and hence it was also called the " foun- tain of Jezreel." The water bursts out from a rude grotto in a wall of conglomerate rock, which here forms the base of Gilboa. . It first flows into a large but shal- low pond, and then winds away through the rich green vale past the ruins of Eethsheau to the Jordan. The