"Nil patre inferior, jacet hie Ilelmoiitius alter,
(^,ui junxit varias mentis et avtis (ijics : Per queni Pythagoras et cab'ialu .^aiiM rcvixit
EUeiis(ii>e, parat qui sua ciuicta ^ilii.' Besides the alphabet above mentioned, he v.rotc Opiis- cula r/iilosophicu, quibiis contiiuntiir priiicipla philoso- phim aniiquissimm et 7'ecentissimce, etc. (Amsterd. 1G90, 12mo) : — Qitcedam prcemeditatca et consideratce Co(jita- tiones sitpej- quutiior priora capita libri jmmi Moisis, Genesis nominaii (Amst. 1697, 8vo) : — De A ttributis di- vinis, etc. See Adelung, Hist, de la Folie humaine, iv, 29-4-3-23 ; Moreri, Grand diet. hist. ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biorj. Generale, xxiii, 864.
Helmuth, Justus Christian Henry, D.D., a Lu- theran minister, was born at Helmstadt, in the duchy of Brunswick, iu»1745. His father dying when he was yet a boy, he left home without the knowledge of the family, and was overtaken on the highwaj' by a noble- man in his carriage, who entered into a conversation with him, and inquired whither he was going. The lad informed him that he had left home because he was angry with God, having prayed earnestly to him during his father's illness for his restoration to health, but God had not answered his petition. Interested in the artless reply of the innocent boy, the nobleman took him into his carriage, and afterwards sent him to Halle at his ex- pense, to be educated at the Orphan House, and after- wards at the University. His first sermon was preached in the chapel of the Orphan House, and among his hear ers was Bogatzky, the author of the Schatz-Kdstlein (Golden Treasury), who ]iredicted the future greatness of the j'oung preacher. He was ordained by the Con- aistoriuni at Wernigerode, and was sent by the theolog ical faculty at Halle as a missionarj' to America in 1769 The first ten years of his ministry he labored in Lancas- ter, Pa., with great acceptance. In 1779 he accepted unanimous call to Philadelphia, where he continued the pastoral work as long as his physical strength admitted. For eighteen j^ears he was professor of German and Ori- ental languages in the University of Pennsylvania, from which institution he received in 1785 the degree of D.D. In connection with his colleague. Dr. Schmidt, he organ- ized a private seminary for candidates for the Lutheran ministry, which was in operation twenty years. In the pulpit he had more than ordinarv power. His preach- IV.— M ■
ing was characterized by great unction and overwhelm- ing pathos, and ol'ten produced wonderfid results. Dur- ing the prevalence of the yellow fever he visited the sick and dying without fear. He buried 625 of his mem- bers. He died in the 80th year of his age, Felj. 5, 1824. He was the author of a work on Baptism and tlic tSucred Scriptures, published in 1793 ; also of a practical treatise on ( 'iiiniiiiiDioii iriili (ioil; numerous devotional books for chililren, anil a \oliiiiic of Hymns. He edited likewise tlie l'.rini(i< Ill-Ill Miii/ir.iiir, published for some years in I'hiladelphia in the German language. (iM. L. S.)
Heloise. See Abelard,
He'lon (Heb. Chelan', •^'n, stronq; Sept. XaiXwv), the father of Eliab, which latter was phylarch of the tribe of Zebulon at the Exode (Numb, i, 9 ; ii, 7 ; vii, 24, 29; X, 16). B.C. ante 1658.
Help, besides its ordinary signification of assistance in general, has in two passages of the N. T. a technical application.
1. Helps (/3o/;^f(at), nautical 07i;3aro/!/s for securing a vessel, when leaking, by means of ropes, chains, etc., passed around in the process of " undergirding" (q. v.), in the emergency of a storm (Acts xxvii, 17). See Ship.
2. Helps (diT/Ar'/i/zefc ; Vulg. opitulationes ; 1 Cor, xii, 28). This Greek Avord, signifying aids or assist- ances, has also a meaning, among others, corresponding to that in this passage, in the classical writers (e. g. Diod. Sic. i, 87). In the Sept. it answers to rTnU; (Psa. xxii, 19), to •,i:.'ri (Psa. cviii, 12), and to i'lIT (Psa. Ixxxiii, 8). It is found in the same sense, Ecdus. xi. 12: 2 Mace, xi, 2G; and in Josephus {War, iv, 5, 1). In the N. T. it occiu"s once, viz. in the eniuneration of tlie several orders or classes of persons possessing mirac- ulous gifts among the primitive Christians {id stipra), where it seems to be used by metonymy, the abstract for the concrete, and to mean helpers; like the words SvvuiiHQ, " miracles," i. e. workers of miracles ; kv^iq- i'i](7tiQ, "governments," i. e. govei-nors, etc., in the same enumeration. INIany persons in this country, by a sim- ilar idiom, call their servants " help." Great difliculty attends the attempt to ascertain the nature of the office so designated among Christians. Theophylact explains dvriXijipnc by dvTixtoQai roJv ucQtvCjv, helping or snji- porting the infirm. So also Gennadius, in tEcumenius. But this seems like an inference from the etymology (see the Greek of Acts xx, 35). It has been assumed by some eminent modern writers that the several " orders" mentioned in ver. 28 correspond respectively to the sev- eral " gifts" of the Spirit enumerated in ver. 8, 9. In order, however, to make the two enimierations tally, it is necessary to make " divers kinds of tongues" and '• in- terpretation of tongues" in the one answer to " diiersiiies oftonip.ies" in the o^/(er, which, in the present state of the received text, does not seem to be a complete correspond- ence. The result of the collation is that dvTi\ii\j/iiQ an- swers to "prophecy;" whence it has been inferred that these persons were such as were qualified with the gift of "lower prophecy," to help the Christians in the pub- lic devotions (Barrington's 3Iiscellanea Sacra, i, 166; Macknight on 1 Cor. xii, 10-28). Another result is that "governments" answers to "discerning of spirits." To both these Dr. Hales very reasonably objects as unlike- ly, and pronounces this tabular view to be " perplexed and emban'assing" {Neio Analysis, etc., Lond. 1830, iii, 289). Bishop Horsley has adopted this classification of the gifts and office-bearers, and points out as " helps,|' i. e. persons gifted with "prophecies or predictions," such persons as ]\Iark, Tychicus, Onesimus. Yitringa, from a comparison of ver. 28, 29, 30, infers that the ay- ri\i).\/HQ denote those who had the gift of ihUrpreiing foreifpi lanrjuarjcs {De S//naff. Vet. ii, 505, Franque. 1696) ; which, though certainly possible, as an arbitranj use of a very significant word, stands in need of confirmation by actual instances. Dr. Lightfoot also, according to his biographer, adopted the same plan and arrived at