Hobhouse, Sir Benjamin, was bom in 1757, and educated at Oxford for the bar. From 1797-1818 he was a distinguished member of the House of Commons, and filled other important stations. He died in 1831. His name is mentioned here on account of his Treatise on Heresy (Lond. 1792, 8vo), and his Reply to the Rev. F. I!(nidoIj,'h\-< Liitir tn the J!( v. Dr. Priestly, or an Exam- iiiiiiinii (fihr /.'< /•. /■'. Hiiiiilolph's Sa-ijjtural Revision of Siifhiiim A ryiniK iifs (\jn\d. 1792, 8vo ; and ag^in, Bath, 1793, 8 vo).— iVllibone, Did. of A uthors, i, 856.
Hobnim. See Ebony,
Hoburg, Christian, a mystic, born at Liineburg in 1007, was for a time assistant minister at Lauenburg, and, later, subconrector at Uelzen. Here he was deposed from his position on account of his mystical tendencies, and he retired to private life at Hamburg. Later, he was appointed minister to congregations in the duchy of Brunswick, and finally became a Mennonite preacher at Hamburg. He died in 1675. Hoburg -vvTote much un- der the pseudonym Bachmann and Priitorius, as Der vn- bekannte Christus (Hamb. 1858; Frankf. IQ'db) -.—Theol. My St. (2d edit, 1656; Nimeg. 1672; 3d edit, 1684, and often). See Lebenbeschreibuny (by his son Philip, 1676) ; Pierer, Univ. Lex. viii, 420 ; Jocher, Gelehrt. Lex. ii, 1668. (J. H. W.)
Hocein. See Hossein.
Hoch, John. See JJpincs.
Hocheisen, Johann Georg, a German theologian, born at Ulm in 1677, was educated at the LTnivcrsity of his native place and at Ttlbingen and Wittenberg. At the last school he at first devoted his time mainly to the study of philosophy, but afterwards changed to the study of theology. He next went to Hamburg, where liis acquaintance with the great Fabricius led him to a more thorough study of Greek and Hebrew. In 1705 he was made IM.A. at Wittenberg, and immediately began there a course of lectures which procured for him an adjunct professorship in the philosophical department, he enter- ing at the same time as a candidate of theology. In 1709 he was called as professor of Hebrew to the gymnasium at Breslau, where he died in 1712. Hocheisen contrib- uted largely to the learned periodicals of his day. Of his piililishcd works the most important arc ] >c llchnvo- niiii nicdlhiin officio et valoi-e in raiislitiii n^Ia sijlhdni ( \'it('li. ITdo, 4to) : — De Deismo in Ciirtis/<iiiisino <l('pre- henso (ibid. 1708, 4to): — De Deismo in Thcosophia dep- rehenso, contra Westphalum novatorem (ibid. 1709, 4to). Some take him to be the author (though this is unlike- ly) of the first letter in Vertrauter Briefwechsel zweier yuten Freunde v.Wesen d. Seek (1713 and 1734, 8vo), in which the soiU is regarded only as a mere mechanism of the body. — Doring, Gelehrt. Theoloy. Deutschlands, i, 744 ; Adeliing's Jocher, Gelehrt. Lex. Add. ii, 2029. (.J. H. W.)
Hoclimann {of Hochenau), Ernst Ciiristoph, a German mystic, and principal representative of the Witt-
HOCIISTETTER
287
HODEGETICS
genstein separatists, bom at Ilochcnau (Lauenbiirjy) in iUGl (according to Hagenbach, 1G70), and educated at Halle University. During his residence there (1G99) he began to attract attention by his addresses to the Jews, whom he endeavored to convert to Christianity. In 1702 he made a journey through nearly all Germany, and attacked the lukewarmness of the clergy with great boldness, oftentimes entering the pulpit either during the iliseourse or immediately after it. He also conduct- ed devotional exercises in private houses, which were largely attended by the people. " He was a man of rare gifts, and was inspired by a sincere and resigned type of piety, which brought many sides to his heart." He suffered great persecution, and was even imprisoned fre- quently, but it "was all borne by him with patience, and even with a certain degree of humor." His adhe- rents, in spite of all these difficulties, were numerous, and his influence over them without bounds. Stilling says that an old pietist related to him " that Hochmann once preached on the great meadow below Elberfeld, called the Ox Comb, with so much power and eloquence that his many hundreds of hearers fully believed themselves raised to the clouds, and that they had no other thought than that the morning of eternity had really dawned." The theological views of Hochmann were in the main the same as those of the great mj-stics, Jacob Brehme (q. v.), Weigel, Gichtel, etc. He opposed infant bap- tism, and held that the Lord's Supper should be admin- istered only to the chosen and faithful disciples of Christ. He also insisted on a complete separation of Church and State, and had most peculiar views of the matrimonial state. The charge has been laid against him that he dis- believed the doctrine of the Trinity, but we think with- out just cause. He was, however, a fervent believer in the doctrine of perfection, and held that only those men should preach the Gospel who felt that the Lord called them to this sacred work. He died in 1721. Hoch- mann's writings were published in pamphlet form, and were few in number. They are of value mainly as an index to his life and works as a Christian man. A com- plete list of them mav be found in Gobel. GtscI/. <I. chrisil. L<-}Hii^ h, <1. rh,lni^rh-N;slj,lnil.,nimi^LK;rrh,' (('..lilcnz, 1S.J2). ii. SOD s(i. Anionu,- tlicsc wr r(iiisi(U'r as jiarticu- larly valualilc his Chmh, „.-■/>, I., „„t,iis.'< >;,uii,iit xdin r <iu die Jiiil<ii (ji !iiiU, III II Hiilr (ITo:!. 12mo): — Necessaria sitp-