Angelus Silesius (1624-77) (as a Lutheran, Johann Schefler) wrote beautiful hymns, 205 of which were published under the title o( Ileilige Seelenlust, oder Geist- liche Hirtenlieder (Bresl. 1657, and often). Particularly excellent are his Ich will dich lieben meine Starke (" Thee will I love, my strength, my tower"), and Liebe, die Du mich zuni Bilde (" O Love, who formedst me," in SchaflF, Christ in Song, p. 414 ; Christian Examiner, Ixix, 245). Angelus was the founder of the so-called second Sile- sian School of poets, as Opitz is regarded as the lead- er of the first. They wrote both secular and religious poetry, but the latter far excels the former. To this school belonged Homburg, mentioned above; the two countesses of Schwarzburg Rudolfstadt ; Knorr v. Rosen- roth (1636-89), who wrote the lovely little hymn, Mor- gengliinz der Ewigkeit (" Dayspring of eternity") ; Chrisr tian Seriver, author of Jesu, meiner Seek. Leben, and oth- ers; Sigismund v. Birken (1626-81), who, with Hars- dorfer, already noticed, belonged to the sentimental school; Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer (1635-99), G. Hoff- mann, B. Prii torius, Johann Neunherz, Kaspar Neumann, who wrote A uf mein Herz des Ilerrn, also Tug, 0 Gott von dem wir A lies haben, and many others.
In striking contrast with the formal and unspiritual hymns of the second Silesian school stand the jjoetical writings of the so-called Pietists, originating with Spe- ncr, '• who for nearly a hundred years exerted a most
powerful influence both on the religious and social life of (iermany." The representatives of this school are Philip Jacob Spener (1635-1705); his friend and asso- ciate, August Hermann Francke (1663-1727), the founder of the Halle Oqihan Asylum ; Anastasius Freylinghau- sen, a son-in-law of Franke, who wrote 44 hymns, and published (1704) a collection which remained for some generations the favorite collection for private reading among pious persons in Germany. To the same pe- riod belong J. C. Scliadc ; Fr. von Canitz; Joachim Ne- ander (1640-80), of tli<' l.'i formed Chiu-ch, who wrote Lobe den Ilerrn dui Miii-hiigi i> ; .Tohann C. Schiitz, au- thor of Sei Lob v. Ehr dim linriisti-ii Gut ; Christian Ti- tius; Adolph Drese; Sam. llodi^asf, who composed in 1675 the world-renowned Wan (iutt ihut, das ist wohl- gethan (" Whate'er my God ordains is right") ; J. Ad. Hasslocher; Christ. Pressovius; Laur. Laurenti, whose best hymn Dr. Schaff designates Ermuntert euch ihr Frommen (" Rejoice all ye believers," in Ch ris/ In Snug. p. 383); J. B. Freistein; C. Glinther, Hall in, ( ,. ,Ji-irhiniss Jesum Christ; Sal. Liskovius; J. T. lUcithauiit ; J. Lange; J. D. Herrnschmid; Christ. F. Richter; J. G. Wolf; Chr. A. Bernstein ; Chr. J. Koitsch ; J. Tribecho- vius ; J. J. Winkler ; J. H. Schroder ; J. E. Schmidt ; P. Lackmann ; J. Chr. Lange ; L. A. Gotter ; B. Crasselius, Heiligster Jesu Ileiligungsquelle ; INI. JI idler; A. Hinkel- mann; H.G.Neuss; A. Creutzberg; J.Muthmann; Ernst Lange (1650-1727), Im Abend blinkt der Morgenstern, or " The wondering sages trace from far" {Christ in Song, p. 120); L. J. Schlicht; C. H. von Bogatzky, the cele- brated author of the " Golden Treasury" {Das goldene Schatzhdstlein), also one of the compilers of the " Co- then Hymn-book ;" J. J. Rambach ; T. L. K. Allendoif ; L. F. F. Lehr ; J. S. Kunth ; E. G. Woltirsdorf, and many others. There were also the Wiirtembergers, the best representatives of the pietism of South Germany, of whom Albert Bengel (1687-1732) may be looked upon as a prominent leader, though as a hymn-writer he was far excelled by another great light of this section of Germany, Philip Friedrich Hiller (1699-1769), who took Paul Gerhardt for his model. He published several volumes of hymns, of which the " Casket of Spiritual Songs" {Geistliches Liederkdstlein'), containing only liis own sacred songs, " obtained very wide popidarity," and is " still the commonest book in Wiirtemberg next to the Bible itself" (Winkworth, p. 283 sq.). Here deserve mention, also, J, R. Hedinger, S. Urlsperger, F. O. HiUer, Ph. H.Weissensee, E. L. Fischer, J. Chr. Storr, Ph. D. Burk, Chr. Fr. Ottinger, Chr. K. L. von Pfeil, J. T. von Moser, and still others.
The school of Spener developed the Mystics and Sep- aratists, who also furnished a number of contributors to hymnology; but, although some of them were quite able, the influence of the new schools, as a whole, on hymnology "was, for the most part, simph^ mischiev- ous, and their hymn-books contain al)out the worst specimens to be found — poor as poetry, fiercely intoler- ant towards their fellow-Christians, and full of a fantas- tic and irreverent adoration of the Redeemer" (Wink- worth, Christian Singers of Germany, p. 290). The only hymnologists who really deserve praise are Gottfried Arnold (1666-1714) and Gerhard Tersteegen (1697- 1769). The former, although an extensive MTiter on Church Histor}', etc., is, indeed, best remembered in our day by his hymns, of which he -nTote 130, and among them several of very great beauty. Perhaps the best of Arnold's hymns is his deeply thoughtful " How bless'd to all thy followers. Lord, the road," etc. Tersteegen (q. v.), who, although he never actually separated from the Reformed Church to which he belonged, was none the less " a^Iystic of tlie purest type," wrote more than 100 hymns; but he has become especially familiar to English-speaking Christians by the English dress which Wesley gave to two of his best hymns — " Lo ! God is here ; let us adore," and " Thou hidden love of God, whose height," etc. Lesser lights of these schools are J. Dippel, J. W. Petersen, G. Arnold, and others.