Iconolatry (sIkwv, image, and Xarpiia, worship), the worship or adoration of images. Hence image-wor- shippers are called Iconolaii-cc, or Iconolaters. See Im- age-worship.
Iconomachy. See Icoxoclasji.
Iconostasis {iiKovoaTaaLi:) is that part of an Eastern church which corresponds to the altar-rails iu English churches. It is often mistaken for the rood- screen (q. v.), which in its general arrangement it re- sembles, only (the mysteries being absolutely to be veiled from the eyes of the people) the panels are solid to the top. The rood-screen separates nave and choir ; the iconostasis, however, separates choir and bema. "It has three doors; that in the centre conducting directly to the bema ; that to the right to the diaconicon ; that of the left to the prothesis, through which, of course, the great entrance is made. On the right of the cen- tral door, on entering, is the icon of oiur Lord ; on the left, that of the mother of God; the others are arranged according to the taste or devotion of the' architect or founder." The earliest iconostasis is believed to be the one remaining in the Arian crypt-church of Tepeker- man, in the Crimea, which j^robably dates trom about A.D. 350.— Neale, Hist. Eastern Church, IiUroil. i, 191 sq.
Ida, first abbess of the convent cf Argensolcs, flour- ished in the first hrJf of the 13th century. She was a remarkable woman, veiy learned, and acknowledged to have disputed on the most intricate theological questions with great ability. She died in 122G. Her life was written by a monk of Citeaux, but remains in SIS. form. — Histoire Lift, de la France, xviii, 251 ; Hoefer, Nouv, Biog. Generale, xxvi, 174.
Id'alah (Heb. Yidalah', 'rh^^'^, probably exalted; Sept. 'laniXd), a city near the western border of Zebu- Ion, mentioned between Shimron and Bethlehem (Josh. xix, 15). According to Schwarz, it. is called Chirii in the Talmud, and is identical with the -^-illago Kdluh al-
IDBASH
465
IDEALISM
Ckir'e, six English miles south-west of Shimron or Se- munie {Palestine, p. 172). He doubtless refers to the place marked on Robinson's map as Kulat el-Kireh, in the valley of the Kishon, soutli-west of Semunieh or t>imonias ; a position not improbable, especially if mark- ed by the ruins on the north side of the river. Dr. liobiuson, who afterwards visited it, calls it " Jeida, a miserable village with no traces of antiquity" {Later Researches, p. 113) ; but Van de Velde shows that it ac- tually has many marks, although now much obliterated, of being an old site {Memoir, p. 322).
Idacius or Idathius, surnamed Clarus, a Span- ish prelate, was born in the first half of the 4th century, After his accession to the bishopric of Etnerida he dis- tinguished himself by the intemperate zeal with which, together with Ithacius (q. v.), bishop of Ossonoba, he opposed the heresy of Priscillian (q. v.). He wrote refutation of the latter's doctrine under the title Apolo- (jeticus, which is now lost. In 388, after the death of the emperor Maximus, who had persecuted the Priscil- lianists, Idacius resigned his bishopric. Having subse- quently attempted to regain it, he was exiled, and died about the jeav 392. According to Sulpitius Severus, Idacuis's conduct was less severely judged by his con- temporaries than that of Ithacius. The writings as- cribed to him are given in the Bihliotheca Patriim, vol, V. See Sulpitius Severus, Historia Sacra ; Isidore of Seville, De Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis ; Antonio, Bibl. Ilispana i'<etus, i, 172; Hoefer, Nouv. Bior/i: Genii-ale, xxix, 775; Neander, Ch. Hist, ii, 111 sq. ; Kurtz, Cli. llist. i, 21-i sq. See rrasciLLiANisTS.
Idacius OF Lajiego {Latnecensis), who became bishop of Gallicia in 427, distinguished himself by his opposition to the Manichaians, whom he sought to drive from Spain. He is supposed to have died in 4G9. He is the author of a historj-, a continuation of the Chroni cles of St. Hieronymus, beginning with the year 379 and ending with 468. The assertion that this work origi- nated with Pelagius, bishop of Osiedo, in the 12th cen- tury, is by no means satisfactorily proved. It has often been printed and annotated, as by Sirmond, 0pp. vol. ii ; Bouquet, Scriptt. Franc, vol. i ; and best by Florez Es- pann. Sugrada, iv, 345 sq. He is also supposed to be the author of Fasti consulares. — Aschbach, Kirch.-Lex. iii, 402.
Id'bash (Heb. Yidhash', 'ii'Z''\'},\)roh.honeyed; Sept. 'Iyrt/3/;c V. r. 'lijiSciQ, Vulg. Jedebos), a descendant of Judah, who, with his two brothers and a sister {the Tselelponite), are said (1 Chron. i\-, 3, according to the Auth. Vers.) to be "of the father of Etam," probably meaning of the lineage of the founder of that place, or perhaps they were themselves its settlers. B.C. cir. 1612. See Jezreel 2.
Id'do, the name of several men in the Old Testa- ment, of different forms in the Hebre^v.
1. Iddo' (i'n:^, timelij, or born to a festival; Sept. 'Ao^i,YxAg'. Addo), a Levite, son of Joah and father of Zerah (1 Chron. vi, 21) ; called more accmrately perhaps Adaiah in ver, 41.
2. Yiddo' {i^"^, lovehj ; Sept. 'Ino^ai, Vulg. J((Jr/o), son of Zechariah, and David's viceroy of the half tribe of Mauasseh east (1 Chron. xxvii, 21). B.C. 1014.
3. Iddo' (Xil^', a prolonged form of No. 1 ; Sept. 'A^Jw,Vulg. Addo), the father of Ahinadab, which lat- ter was Solomon's purveyor in the district of Mahanaim (1 Kings iv, 14). B.C. cir. 995.