I
JOHN
963
JOHN"
A.D. 536 (v, col. 185, ed. Labbc; viii, 1065-67, ed. Man- si). Four relationes, or Libelli, arc extant only in a Latin version among the Epistohe of jiojie Hormisdas (in the Cwwiliii, iv, 147-_', HSO, U',)l, 1521, edit. Labbe; viii, 436, 451, 457, 4.s,s. odit. IMaiisi). It is remarkable tliat in the two sliort tireck letters addressed to Eastern prelates John takes the title of oitcovi^iiviKbt; 7rarpiop%>;c, fBCKmeiiicaf, or universal pairuirck [see Patuiakch], and is supposed to be the first that assumed this ambi- tious designation. It is remarkable, however, that in those pieces of his which were addressed to pope Hor- misda-s, and which are extant only in the Latin version, the title does not appear; and circumstances are not wanting to lead to the suspicion that its presence in the Greek epistles is owing to the mistake of some tran- scriber, who has confounded this John the Cappadocian with John the Faster. It is certainly remarkable that the title, if assumed, should have incurred no rebuke from the jealousy of the popes, not to speak of the other patriarchs equal in dignity to John ; or that, if once as- sumed, it should have been dropped again, which it must have been, since the employment of it by John the Faster (q. v.), many years after, was violently op- posed by pope Gregory I as an unauthorized assump- tion. We may conjecture, perhaps, that it was assumed by the patriarchs of Constantino])le without opposition from their fellow-prelates in the East during the schism of the Eastern and Western churches, and (piietly drop- ped on the termination of the schism, that it might not prevent the re-estabUshment of friendly relations. See Theophanes, Chronog. p. 140-142, ed. Paris (p. 112, 113, ed. Yen. ; p. 253-256, ed. Bonn) ; Cave, Iluf. Litt. i, 503 ; Fabricius, Bihl. Gr. xi, 99 ; Smith, Diet. (Jr. and Rom. Biorj. ii, 592.
John Chrysostom. See Ciirysostom. John OF Citrus (now Kitro or Kidros), in Mace- donia, the ancient Pydna, was bishop of that see about A.D. 1200. He is the author of ' A-n-oKpirrHQ irpoQ Kwr- <T7-av-jfOV 'ApxiETTifTKOTrov Avppaxiov tuv Kal3dai\av (Responsa ad Comtantinum Cahasihim, A rchiejngcopwn Dyrrachii), of which sixteen answers, with the ques- tions prefixed, are given with a Latin version in the .his Grceco-Romanorum of Leunclavius (Frankf. 1590, folio), V, 323. A larger portion of the Responsa is given in the Synopsis Juris Grmci of Thomas Diplovaticius (Di- plovatizio). Several INISS. of the Kesponsa contain twenty-four answers, others thirt_y-two; and Nicholas Comnenus Papadopoli, citing the work in his Prccno- tiones Mystagorjicce, speaks of a hundred. In one MS. he is mentioned with the surname of Dalassinus. Al- latius, in his De Consensu, and Contra not/inr/erum, quotes Be Consuehtdinibus et Dogmatihus Latinorum as the production of John of Citrus. See Fabricius, Bibl. Grieca. xi, 341, 590 ; Cave, Hist. Lit. ii. 279 ; Smith, Dic- tiomiri/ of Greek and Roman Biography, ii, 593. John Ci.iMACus. See John thf: Scholar, 2. John THE Constant, elector of Saxony. See Ref- orm at los (in Germany).
John OF Constantinople. See John the Dea- con ; John the Faster.
John (I, patriarch) of Constantinople. See Chrysostojl
John (II, patriarch) of Constantinople. See John the Cappadocian.
John (III, patriarch) of Constantinople. See John the Scholar (1).
John (VI, patriarch) of Constantinople was ap- pointed by the emperor, Philippicus Bardanes, A.U. 712, for his IMonothelite opinions and his rejection of the au- thority of the sixth oecumenical (third Constantinopol- itan) council. Cyrus, the predecessor of John, was de- posed to make way for him, according to Cave. John was deposed, not long after his elevation, in consequence, apparently, of the deposition of his patron Philippicus, and the elevation of Artemius or Aiiastasius II. The-
ophanes does not notice the fate of John, but records the elevation of his successor, Germanus, metropolitan of Cyzicus, to the patriarchate of Constantinople A.D. 715. John wrote 'ETTtirroXr) irpoQ K-iovaTavTivov tuv ayiwrurov Trc'nrav 'Pwjut/c aTToXoytTiKt] {Epistola ad Constantimnn Sanctissimum Papain Romanum Apologet- ica), in which he defends certain transactions of the reign of Philippicus. This letter is published in the Concilia (vi, col. 1407, ed. Labbe ; xii, col. 196, ed. Man- si). It had )in\i(iiisly lit'eii published in the A iictarium Novum <il' ( '..inlielis. ii, ■_'! I. See Faliricius. nihl. Gr. xi, 152; Cave, y//.s7. l/it. i, (119; Smith. Jiictionarij of Greek and Roman Biography, ii, 5L'3.
John OF Cornwall was an eminent theologian of the 12th century whom both England and France claim as their own. Little is known of his life. He appears to have studied at Paris muler Peter Lombard and Rob- ert of Melun, and to have died towards the close of the r2th century. Great uncertainty also prevails respect- ing his writings ; still he is generally considered as the author of a work entitled Eulogium (publ. by Martfene, Anecdota, v, col. 1637). It is a special treatise on the human nature of Christ, refuting the subtle distinctions of Gilbert de la Porree and other scholastic theologians, who maintained that Christ, quoad hominem, coul^il not be considered as a mere person, aliquis ; or, in other words, his humanity was but a contingent or accidental form of his nature. This doctrine had already been condemned by pope Alexander III in the Council of Tours (1163). Casimir Oudin considers him also as the author of Lihelhis de Canone my slid libaminis, contained in the works of Hugo of St. Victor, vol. ii, etc. See Cas. Oudin, De Script. Eccles. ; Hist. Lit. de la France, vol. xiv.— Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Gen. xxvi, 543.