JOXATHAS 9
iii,788 sq.; 'Wolf, Biblioth. Ifebrcea, ii, il59 sq.; Zunz, Die Gottesdientl Vortrage d. Juden, p. G2 sq. ; Geiger, Urschrift u.Ueberseizuiifjen d. Bibel ; Jost,Geschichte d. Juden, i, 269 ; Filrst, Bibliotheca Judaicci, ii, 105, 107 ; Kitto, Cyclop. Biblical Lit. ii, s. v. (J. H. W.)
Jon'athas (ItoWiAav v. r. 'la^dv; \\Ag. Jonathus V. r. Xathaii), the Latin form of the common name Jon- atlian, which is preserved in the A.Y. at Tob. v, 13.
Jo'nath-e'lem-recho'kiin(D''n''n'-i nbs rv,^^
yonath' e'lem reclioHin', dove of the dumbnesn o/'the dis- tances, i. e. the silent dove in distant places, or among strangers; Septuag. inrip tov Xaov rov cnro twv uyluiv iit^iaKpvfinevov, Vulg. pro jmpulo qui a tiunctis lon(je /actus est), an enigmatical title of Psa. Ivi, variously in- terpreted, but probably descriptive of David's solitary feelings while absent from the worship of the Temple among the Philistines; comp. Psa. xxxviii, 13; Ixv, 5; Ixxiv, 19. (See Alexander, Comment, ad loc.) The ex- pression "upon" (hv), preceding this phrase, would seem to indicate that it was the name or opening clause of some well-known air to which the ode was set, a sup- position not inconsistent with the above appropriation. Its original application would in that case be unknown, like that of similar superscriptions of other Psalms. '• Rashi considers that David employed the phrase to describe his o^vn unhappy condition when, exiled from the land of Israel, he was living with Achish, and was an object of suspicion and hatred to the countrymen of Goliath : thus was he amongst the Philistines as a mute (nirbs) dove. Kimchi supplies the following com- mentarj- : ' The Philistines sought to seize and slay Da- vid (1 Sam. xxix, 4-11), and he, in his terror, and pre- tending to have lost his reason, called himself Jonath, even as a dove driven from her cote.' Knapp's explana- tion 'on the oppression of foreign rulers' — assigning to Elem the same meaning which it has in Exod. xv, 15 — is in harmony with the contents of the psalm, and is worthy of consideration. De Wette translates ' dove of the distant terebinths,' or 'of the dove of dumbness (.Stummheit) among tlie strangers' or ' in distant places.' According to the Septuagint, the phrase means 'on the people far removed from the holy places' (probably Cbs — abilN, the Temple-hall ; see Orient. Literatur- hlatt. p. 579, year 1811 ), a rendering which very nearly accords with the Chaldee paraphrase: 'On the congre- gation of Israel, compared with a mute dove while ex- iled from their cities, but who come back again and of- fer praise to the Lord of the Universe.' Aben-Ezra regards J onath-elem-rechokim as merely indicating the modulation or the rhythm of the psalm. In the notes to Mendelssohn's version of the Psalms, Jonath-elem- rechokim is mentioned as a musical instrument which produced ilull, mournful sounds. ' Some take it for a pipe called in (ireek iAf/itoc, n2T^,frora "pi, 6Vfei-, which would make the inscription read " the long Grecian pipe," but this does not appear to us admissible' {Pref- ace, ]). 20)" (Smith). See Psalms.
Joncourt, Petkr de, a French Protestant theolo- gian, \vas born at Clermont towards the middle of the 17th century. A few years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes he removed to Holland, and became pastor of Middelburg in 1G7«, and'of La Ilaye in 1G99. He died in the latter city in 1725. He was" considered one of the best preachers of his day. He wrote Entre- tieus sm- leg dijferentes Method, x d'e.rpUqner VKcriture et depreeher de ceiix qu'on a/,/,, II, I %„;■;;, us rt Voetiem, etc. (Atnst. 1707, 12mo):—iV-,» /■,.,//,, .,„■,; /Inis, etc. (Amst. 1708, r2mo); quite a controv(i>yicsuli (Ml from this work, but Joncourt was ordered by tlie synod of Nimeguen to desist from his attacks, and to retract, which he did in the Lettre aux iylises Wallonnes des Pays-Bas (La Haye, 1708, limo) -.—Pensees utiles aux Chretiens de toiis'le's etals, etc. (La Haye, 1710, 8vo) -.—Lcttres sur les Jeiix de JIasard et sur Vusuye de se faire celer pour eriter nnf visite incommode (La Haye, 1713, 12mo), mostlv a.^ainst
18 JONES
La Plaoette's Divers Traites sur des matieres de conscience (Amst. 1708, 12mo), and a work which gave rise to sev- eral pamphlets on this question :—Ze/f7-es critiques sur divers sujets imjwrtants de FEcriture Sainte (Amst. 1715, \2m6):—Ent7-etiens sur Vetat present de la Reliyion en France (La Haye, 1725, 12mo). He also published a re- vised edition of Clement IMarot and Th. de Beza's trans- lation of the Psalms (Amsterd. 1716, 12mo). See J. G. Walch, Biblioth. Theolof/ica selecta, vol. ii ; Journal des «Sat'a7«/s, June, 1714, p.579; January, 1715, p. 85; Febru- ary, p. 123 ; Querard, La France Litteraire ; Haag, La France Protest ante ; Hoefer, Xouv. Biog. Genercde, xxvi, 901. (J.N. P.)
Jones, Benjamin (1), an early Metliodist Episco- pal minister, was born in South Carolina about 1774; entered the itmerancy in 1801 ; was stationed at Charles- ton in 1802; and died suddenly on Bladen Circuit in 1804. He was a man of much seriousness and Chris- tian gentleness, and a very usefid preacher. — Conf. Min- utes,!, 12o. (G.L.T.)
Jones, Benjamin (2), a Methodist Episcopal min- ister, was born at Sandwich. JMass., Jidy 28, 1786 ; united with the Church in 1805 ; entered the New York Con- ference in 1809; was made presiding elder in 1820; was delegate to the General Conference in 1832 and in 1840 ; was by poor health superannuated in 1846 ; and died at LincoinviUe, Me., July 18, 1850, aged 64. Mr. Jones was a man of more than ordinary ability and influence. His preaching was bold, sustained, and independent; dealing in truth fid logic and the word of God rather than fancy, and very strong in argument. His efforts were often eloquent in the highest degree. — Conf. Min. iv, 606 ; Stevens, Memonals of Methodism, chap. xlii. (G.L.T.)