molested Maillard. though he continued in his former course unabated. If only a moderate part of the picture jMaillard has drawn of liis contemporaries be true, the French of the 15th century ha\'e never had their equals in moral corruption. He died near Toulouse, according to some, June 13, lJJO-2; but his death must have occur- red much later, if it be true that he preached at Paris in 1508, as is reported. His principal works are Sermones de Adrentu declamati Parisiis in ecclesia S.Johannis in Gravia anno 1493 (Paris, 1498, 4to; 1511, 8vo) : — Quad- ragesimale Opus (Paris, 14J)8, 4to ; 1512, 8vo) : — Ser- mones dominicales ct alii (1515, 8vo) : — Sermones de Sanctis (1513, 8vo) : — La Recolation de la tr'es-pieiise Pas- sion des Notre-Seigneur, representee par les Saints et sa- cres myst'eres de la Messe (also under the title Le Mys- t'ere de la Messe, etc.) : — IJ Exemplaire de Confession avec la Confession f/enerale (Rouen and Caj'en, 4to ; Lyons, 1524, 8vo) : — Traite enroye a plusieurs religieuses pour les instruire et exhorter a se bien gonverner (8vo) : — Con- templatio ad salutationem angelicam (1607). See Nice- ron, Minioires, vol. xxiii, s. v. ; Le Bas, Diet. -Ency clop. de la France, s. v. ; Gerusey, isssai d'hist. litter.; Hoe- fer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xxxii, 871 sq.
Maillat, Joseph Anxe IMarte pe IMovria de, a French Jesuit and missionary, was born in 1079, at the ancestral castle near Nantua. He entered the order quite young. In 1701 he was appointed to take a part in the mission to China, and embarked in 1703 for IMa- (^KCi, and thence for China. He quickly mastered the Chinese language, and as readily familiarized himself with the institutions of China, so that he became of great service to the Celestial empire. In 1708 a map of China and Tartary was prepared for the Chinese gov- ernment under his superintendence, and he secured not only approval for his services, but was actually invited to take office at court. He died June 28, 1748, at Pe- kin. His studies were mainly in the historv- and arch- seology of China, and his works are of the same depart- ment. See Hoefer, Kouv. Biog. Generale, xxxii, 877.
Maille de Breze, Simon de, a French prelate, was born in 1515; became a religious of the order of Ci- teaux, was made abbot of Loroux, then bishop of Yi- viers, and in 1554 archbishop of Tours. He Avas a mem- ber of the Council of Trent, and took decided ground against the Reformers, who had given him no little trouble in his archicpiscopal dominions. He was at one time obliged to quit his see, in all probabilitj- because the Calvmists had made a- strong case of immorality against him. He died Jan. 11, 1597. He published a Latin translation of several homilies of St. Basil (Paris, 1558, 4to), and Discours au peuple de Touraine (ibid. 1574, IGmo). — Hoefer, Xovv. Biog. Generale, xxxii, 878.
Maim. See Ahel-jiaim ; MiSREPnoTH-jtAiM.
Maimbourg, Louis, a celebrated French ecclesi- astic and defender ol'tiallican liberty, was born at Nancy in 1620 ; entered the " Society of Jesus" in 1636 ; was by them .eent to Rome to study theology; was, on his return to France, for six years professor of rhetoric in the Col- lege of Rouen ; then began preaching, and soon attained great eminence. Having, however, in his Traite Ilisto- rique de I'Eglise de Pome (Paris, 1685; new ed., Nevers, 1831) come out boldly in favor of the liberty of the Gal- ilean Church, he was expelled from the Order of the Jes- uits. The king took sides with Maimbourg and indem- nified him i)y a pension. He retired to the Abbey of St. Victor, in Paris, where he wrote the history' of schism of England, and died Aug. 13. 16Mfi. He had entirely discon- nected liimself from the Jesuits, and did not spare them much in his valtings; yet in his Histoire du Culvinisme (Paris, 1682, 4to), dedicated to the king, one can readily distinguish the influence of his former associations when he called Calvinism " the most rabid and dangerous of all the enemies France ever had to contend against." Bossuet's interpretation of the doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church [see Bossuet] !Maimbourg pronounced against. (Compare Schrockh, Kirchengesch. s. d. Ref.
MAEVIBOURG
661
MAIMONIDES
vii, 280 sq. ; Smitli's Hagcnbach, Hist, of Doctrines, ii, 200 [15].) As a historian Maimbourg is inaccurate and untrustworthy, receiving all the calumnies of the Jesuits against Protestantism as facts, and giving them as such. The ephemeral success of his works is to be attributed only to a pleasing and ornate style and to their romantic garb. His tirst collection of sermons is uninteresting and insipid, and his controversial worlis have long been forgotten. His historical works, consisting of llistoire de VA rianisme (1G82, 2 vols. 4to) ; Des Iconodmtes (1674- 1G79, 4to) ; Da Schisms des Grecs (1677, 4to) ; Des Croi- sudes (1675,2 vols. 4 to) ; De la Decadence de VEnpire, depuis Chaiieinacjne (1679, 4to); Du Grand Schisme de VOccident (1677, 4to); Du Lutheranisme (1680, 4to, and 2 vols. 8vo) ; Du Caliniiisme (1682, 4to) ; De la Lirjne (1683, 4to; 1684, 2 vols. 12mo); Du Pontijicat de St. Gregoire le Grand (1686, 4to) ; Du Pontijicat de St. Leon (1687, 4to) — the two latter of which are considered the best — have been collected and published in 14 vols. 4to (Paris, 1686). Hee Herzog, Real- Enci/kl.s. v.; Dapin, Biblioth. ICccles. s. v. ; Hoefer, N'ouv. Biog. Geiierule, xxxii, 80 1 sq. ; Wetzer und Welte, Kirchen-Lexikon, vi, 758 sq. ; Bayle, Jlist. Diet. a. V.