Mansi, .J. Dominicus, a noted Italian prelate, was born ill Lucca Feb. 16, 1692; entered the Church at an early age, and Avas for a long time professor of theology at Naples. He was created archbishop in 1765, and died Sept. 27, 1769. He was distinguished for his his- torical and philological acquirements, as also for his zeal as a compiler. Among his principal works are Supple- mentum collectionis c.oncilior. et decretorum Nicol. Coleti (Lucas, 1748-52, 6 vols.) : — his own very comjilete col- lection, Sacrorum concilionnn nova et amjilissima col- lectio, etc. (Florcnt. et Tenet. 1759-88, 31 vols.), which was continued after his death. He published also a valuable edition of St. Baluzii Miscellanea (Lucca, 1761, 2 vols.), and the splendid Lucca edition of Baronius's Annal. Eccles., with the continuation by Baynaldus (1738-56); a new edition of Natalis Alexandri Histo- ria eccles. Vet. Novique Test. (Luc», 1748-52), and of J. A. Fabricii Bill. Lat. med. et iif. at. (Patavii, 1754). He also published the 2d edition of the important Me- morie della Gran Contessa Matilda da Fr. 3f. Fiorentini (Lucca, 1756), to which he made many important addi- tions. He wrote also Be ej)ochis conciliorum Sardicen- sis et Simnensium. See Ant. Zatti, Commentar. de vita et scriptis J. D. Mansi (Yen. 1772) ; Anton. Lombardi, Htoria della letteratura Italiana nel secolo xviii (Modena, 1827); Sarteschi, X'e fScriptoribus Congirg. Matris Bet, p. 352; Saxii Onom. lit. vii, 4 sq. ; Baur, Keties hist.- biog.-lit. Handb. iii, 488 ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Genercde, xxxiii,259 ; Herzog, Real-Encyliopddie, ix, 1. See Ma-
MACHI.
Mansionai'ii (-apaiiopc'ipioi), a class of function- aries who were not only keepers of churches, but espe- cially bailiffs or stewards of the glebes or lands belong- ing to the Church or the bishop. See Doorkeepers.
MANSIONATICUM
716
MANT
Mansiouaticum. See T^vxes.
Manslayer (RS'np, mei-aistse'dch, a mxirderer, uv- ?po(t)i'n'oc, 1 Tim. i, 9, as sometimes rendered), one who by an accidental homicide was entitled to the benefit of asylum (Numb. xxxv, 0,12; elsewhere nsually "slayer"). See Blood-revenge. " One of the most peculiar pro- visions in the statute respecting the manslayer was the limitation of the period of his compulsory residence in one of the cities of refuge : ' He shall abide in it until the death of tlie high-priest, which was anointed with ilie holy oil.' After that he was allowed to ' return into the land of his possession' (ver. 28). Different reasons have been assigned by commentators for making the one event dependent on the other, which it is unneces- sary to particularize. As the enactment was intended for the whole body of the people, and is recorded in .Scripture without any explanation, the most simple view that can be taken of it is likely to be the nearest to the truth. One thing, however, all knew respecting the anointed high -priest, viz. that he was the head and representative of the whole community in matters pertaining to life and death ; and as some limitation would evidently require to be set to the restraint laid on the manslayer, the thought would naturally com- mend itself to the people to make responsibility for an accidental death cease and determine with the death of him who stood nearest to God in matters of that descrip- tion. In the general relations of the community a change had entered in that respect, which touched all interests, and it was fit that it should specially toucii those who had been casually bereft of the freedom of life"' (Fairbairn). "The principle on which the 'man- slayer' was to be allowed to escape, viz. tliat the person slain was regarded as ' delivered into his hand' by the Almighty, was obviously open to much wilful perver- sion (1 Sam. xxiv, 4, 18; xxvi, 8; compare Philo, De Sjjec. Leg. iii, 21 ; ii, 320), though the cases mentioned appear to be a sufficient sample of the intention of the lawgiver, a. Death by a blow in a sudden quarrel (Numb, xxxv, 22). b. Death by a stone or missile thrown at random (ib. 22, 23). c. By the blade of an axe flying from its handle (Dent, xix, 5). d. Whether tlie case of a person killed by falling from a roof unpro- vided with a parapet involved the guilt of manslaugh- ter on the owner is not clear; but the law seems in- tended to prevent the imputation of malice in anj' such case, by preventing, as far as possible, the occurrence of the fact itself (Deut. xxii, 8) (Michaelis, On the Laics of Moses, arts. 223, 280, ed. Smith). In all these and the like cases the manslayer was allowed to retire to a city of refuge. See City of Kekuge. Besides these, the following may be mentioned as cases of homicide : a. An animal, not known to be vicious, causing death to a human being, was to be put to death, and regarded as unclean. But if it was known to be vicions, the owner also was liable to fine, and even death (Exod. xxi, 28, 31). h. A thief overtaken at night in the act might lawfully be put to death, but if the sun had risen the act of killing him was to be regarded as murder (Exod. xxii, 2, 3). Other cases are added by the Mishna, which, however, are included in the definitions given above (Saiih. ix, 1, 2, 3 : Maccof/i, ii, 2 ; compare Otho, /.ex. Riibh. s. v. Ilomicida)" (Smith). See Murder.