MANSEL
715
MANSIONARII
the minister is entitled to have designed to him by the presbj'tcry of the bounds half an acre of land for tlie manse, offices, and garden, and to liave the heritors or- dained to erect a manse and offices thereon. The stat- utes regarding manses require that they shall be situated near tlie parish church ; and in general the manse and glebe are contiguous. The presbytery are, of course, in the designation of a new manse, entitled, in the first in- stance, to fix its situation ; and even in the case of an old manse to be rebuilt they may fix on a new situation, always, of course, within the ground or glebe allotted to the minister. The act of 1GG3 provides ' that where com- petent manses are not already built,' the heritors shall ' build competent manses to their ministers, the expenses thereof not exceeding one thousand pounds, and not be- ing beneath five hundred merks;' and it has been ques- tioned whether, in respect of the phrase 'competent manses,' heritors can be compelled to expend a greater sum than one tliousand pounds Scots on the erection of a manse." Hill says, "The law of Scotland provides the minister of every country parish with a dwelling- house, called a manse, a garden, a glebe of not less than four acres of arable land, designed out of lands in the parish near the manse, and with grass, over and above the glebe, for one horse and two cows; and with the out-houses necessary for the management of his small farm. As the act of James VI, pari. .3, c. 48, declares that the manse and glebe shall be marked and designed by the archbishop, bishop, superintendent, or commis- sioner of each diocese or province, upon whose testimo- nial being presented by the minister, the lords of Coun- cil and Session are instructed to direct letters, charging the former occupiers to remove, and entering the minis- ter to possession; as the act of Charles 11, pari. 1, sess. 3, c. 21, ordains that the heritors of the parish, at the sight of the bishop of the diocese, or such ministers as he shall appoint, with two or three of the most knowing and discreet men of the parish, build competent manses to the ministers; and as, by the settlement of presby- terian government in Scotland, the presb3-tery has come in place of the bishop, all applications concerning manses and glebes are made, in tlie first instance, to the pres- bytery of the bounds. After taking the regular steps suitable to the nature of the business, which, as a civil court specially constituted for that purpose, they are called to discuss, the presbytery pronounce a decreet ; and their sentence, unless brought by a bill of suspen- sion before the Court of Session, is binding upon all con- cerned." Prior to the lieformafion, canon xiii ordained that ever}' parish should have a dwelling for the minis- ter, built at the expense of the parsons and their vicars, the support of it afterwards falling as a burden on the vicars. By the General Assembly of 1.0(53 ministers having manses were required to live in them. — Eadie, IJccles. Dirt. s. V.
Mansel, Henry Longukvili.e, one of the leading Englisli divines of our day, noted particularly for his ability as a philosopher of the Hamiltonian school, was born in 1820 in the parish of Cosgrove, Northampton- shire, of which his ftither was then rector. He was ed- ucated at IMerchant Taylors' School, and later at St. John's College, Oxford, where he graduated in 1843. He was shortly after ordained, and served the Church in various positions until 1855, when he was appointed reader in moral and metaphysical jihilosophy at Magda- len College, Oxford, and in 1859 became the Waynflete professor. In 11^(17 he was made regius professor of ec- clesiastical history, and at the same time also canon of Christ Church, Oxford. In October, 1X()8, he was ap- pointed dean of St. Paul's, London, and died in the Eng- lish metropolis in 1871. His works are : Aldrich's Loyic, Avith Notes (1849): — Prnletjmnena Loffka (1851):— ar- ticle " JMetaphysics," in the 8th ed. of the Enajdopfptlia Britdnnica (1857), afterwards published separately : — Bampton Lectures — The l.imils of N'/i</ioi/.i ThniK/lit (18.58) : _ The Philosophy of the CoHditioiied ( 186G), in reply to Mill's Review of Hamilton's Philosophy. He
was also one of the editors of Sir William Hamilton's Lectures, Mansel wrote in a clear and elegant style. His Bampton Lectures occasioned much controversy, both theological and philosophicaL In the first one mentioned, on The Limits of Relir/ious Thought, which passed through a number of editions, both in England and in this country, he takes as the basis of his argu- ments Sir W. Hamilton's position that " the uncondi- tioned is incognizable and inconceivable." This treatise of Mansel is regarded as " one of the most important applications of tlie Hamiltonian philosophy to questions of religion." Farrar (in his Crit. Ilist. of Free Thought, p. 470) thus speaks of The Limits of Relirjious ThovyM : " It is a work which is valuable for its method, even if the reader differs (as the author of these lectures does in some respects) from the philosophical principles main- tained, or occasionally even from the results attained. It is an attempt to reconstruct the argument of Butler from the subjective side. As Butler showed that the difficulties which are in revealed religion are equally applicable to natural, so ISIr. Mansel wishes to show that the difficulties which the mind feels in reference to re- ligion are parallel with those which are felt by it in ref- erence to philosophy. Since the time of Kant a subjec- tive tone has passed over philosophy. The phenomena are now studied in the mind, not in nature ; in our mode of viewing, not in the object viewed. Hence Butler's argument needed reconstructing on its psychological side. ]\Ir. Mansel has attempted to effect this ; and the book must always in this respect have a value, even to the minds of those who are diametrically o])posed to its principles and results. Even if the details were wrong, the method would be correct, of studying psy- chology before ontology; of finding the philosophy of religion, not, as Leibnitz attempted, objectively in a theodicee, but subjectively, by the analysis of the relig- ious faculties; learning the length of the sounding-line before attempting to fathom the ocean." See The Nci- iion (N. Y.), Jan. 10, 1867, p. 27 sq. ; Grote, Review of NieVs Examination of Hamilton's Philosophy (Lond. 1868, 18mo), p. 43 sq. ; I>IcCosh, Lntuitions of the Mind (see Index) ; Porter, Human Lntellect (Index). See Hajiilton, Sir W. (J. H. W.)