had a mind to marry the lady Elizabeth to the duke of Savoy, against the queen's and princess's inclination : it is written in a most abject manner and a wretched style. Bishop Tanner ascribes to her A Kistorij of her own Life and Death, and An Account of Mai-tyrs in her Reign, but tliis is manifestly an error. See Homel, Ma- rie la Sunglante (Paris, 18G2, 8vo) ; Burnet, Hist, lief p. 458 sq. ; Soames, IJist. Ref vol. iv, ch. i-iv; Perry, Ch. Hist, of Emjl. iii, 20, 96 ; Collier, Eccles. Hist, vi, 1 sq. ; Fuller, Ch. Hist, ii, 309 sq. ; Short, Eccles. Hist, of Enyl. p. 351-358 ; Froude, Hist, of Eiujl. vol. v, ch. xxviii, and the whole of vol. vi ; Strickland, Queens of Engl. ; Tur- ner, Hist, of the Rei/jns of Edward. VI, Mary, and Eliz- abeth (Loiid. 1829, 8vo); Butler, Eccles. Hist. (Phila. 1872, 8vo), vol. ii, ch. xliii ; Wordsworth, Eccles. Biog. (see Index in vol. iv) ; Hardwick, Reformation, p. 240 ; Fisher (George P.), The Reformation (N. Y. 1873, 8vo), p. 327 stj. ; Brit, and For. Review, 184r4, p. 388 sq. ; Eng- lish Cgcliip. s. V.
Mary Stuart, the famous queen of Scotland, whose name, Froude {/list, of Engl, vii, 309) says, " will never be spoken of in history without sad and profound emo- tion, however opinions may vary on the special details of her life," the hope of Kome at an hour of sorest trav- ail, was born at Linlithgow Dec. 8, 1542. She was the third child of king James Y of Scotland, by his wife Mary of Lorraine, daughter of the duke of Guise, who had previously borne her husband two sons, both of whom died in infancy. A report prevailed that INIary too was not likely to live ; but being unswadiUed by her nurse at the desire of her anxious mother, in presence of the English ambassador, the latter wrote to his court that she was as goodly a child as he had seen of her age. At the time of her birth her father lay sick in the palace of Falkland, and in the course of a few days after he expired, at the early age of thirty, his death being hastened by distress of mind occasioned by the defeats which his nobles had sustained at Fala and Solway JIoss. James was naturally a person of considerable energy and vigor both of mind and body, but previous to his death he feU into a state of listlessness and despondency, and after his decease it was found that he had made no provision for the care of the infant princess or for the administration of the government. After great animosities among the nobility, it was decreed that the earl of Arran, as being by proximity of blood the next heir to the crown in legitimate descent, and the first peer of Scot- land, should be made governor of the kingdom, and guardian of the queen, who remained in the mean time with her mother in the royal palace at Linlithgow. But while the difficulty was set- tling, the Koman Catholics, fearing for the decline of their power if the choice of the nobility should fall upon some one likely to join hands with Henry VIII, urged cardinal Beatoun, the head of their party, to seize the regency. Ambitious for office and power, Beatoun but too willingly lis- tened to the advice of his friends, and, producing a testament which he asserted to be that of the late king, promptly claimed the control of the affairs of Scotland. The fraud was not long un- discovered, but as great suit had been made by king Henry, in behalf of his son Edward, for the hand of the infant queen, and as Arran and his party had been indiscreet enough to accept the offer in spite of the opposition of the people, Beatoun held his own in the country, and finally even persuaded Arran to his views, and the en- gagement with England was annulled. The re- sult was a war between Scotland and England, which ended most ignominiously for the Iligh- landers. It is not at all likely that this war would have broken out between England and Scotland , , , , „ ,,^,-, ^ . , , , ...
, , . \ f \ liberator ot Marv, and that it passed from liim to his eminent relate
had It not been lor the encouragement i raUCe gave earl of Morton, with whose posterity it remains to the present day.]
v.— H II H
Mary Queen of Scots.
[The numerous portraits ascribed to this princess are as various and dissimilar aa the circumstances of her life, and have excited almost as much doubt and controversy as the disputed points of her history, afrrccins only in representing her as eminently beautiful. The picture which has furnishe-l the plate before us has been preserved with the trreatest care from time immemorial in the mansion of Dalmnhoy, the prin- cipal seat in Scotland of the earl of Morton. On the upper part of it is inscribed, " Mary Queen of Scots: said to have been painted during her confinement in Loch- leven Castle:" and the earl who at present possesses it states that, according to a tradition in his lordship's family, it was once the property of George Doufflas, the liberator of Mary, and that it passed from him to his eminent relation, James, fourth