Mentzer, Balthasar cJ), son of the preceding, was born May 14, 1614, at Giessen, and was educated at the University of Marburg, which he entered in 1628, but completed his education at Strasburg and Jena. In 1640 he became professor at Marburg, in 1648 at Rin- teln. He returned four years after and got a position at the University of Giessen, and died July 28, 1679. His most important works are, Comjxndium Theol. Chi-ist. (Rinteln, 1649) -.—Qucesff. Theol. ad Aug. Conf. (Darmst. 1668; often republished; at last at Rinteln, 1753):— De termino vitm (1647), and Af)ij< ui'tlrigte fernere Er- kldrung der Frage vom Zii I '/< > im Kschlichen Lebens (Rin- teln, 1649) :— A'MJ-zes Beihnhn iih.r Wahrenberg's Ge- sjirdch von der Polygamie (Damist. 1671) ; etc.
Menu. See Manu.
Menuchah (Heb. Menuchah', ntl^Up, rest, as of- ten) appears in the marg. of the A.V. at Judg. xxj'43 (Sept. [Vat.] dTTo Noi>«, Vulg. and A. V. " with ease," as if nn^li^), and Jer. Ii, 59 (Sept. Su)pm>,\\.\\g.pro- j)hetice, A.Y. "quiet"). The Sept. likewise, in the re- markable list of additional towns in Judah (Josh, xv, 59), seems to make mention of it {Mai>o\M^. Fiirst {Ileb. Lex. s. v.) thinks it the place in Benjamin called Manochath (1 Chron. viii, 6) or Hat si-ham- Menuchoth (1 Chron. ii, 54). But all this is doubtful, and the word is rather an appellative. See Menuchite.
Meniichite or Menuchoth is given in the mar- gin of the A.V. at 1 Chron. ii. 52, 54, in place of "Ma- nahethite" of the textual rendering, as an alternative
MENYMEXI
102
MEOXEXDI
rendering of the Heb. Menuchoth' (pMli'O, ver. 52) or Menachti' Ctnnj'p, ver. 54), which, as far as can be gathered from the obscure and confused passage, seems to be assigned as a general name of certain descendants of Judah, classified according to some localitj' settled or inhabited by them. Some (as apparently the A. V.) have referred this presumed place to the Manahath (q. V.) of 1 Cliron. viii, G; but this was either in Benjamin or Moab, certainly' not in Judah. Others have found it in the Menuchah (q. v.) sui)poscd to be referred to in Judg. XX, 43 ; but of the existence of this latter there is very great doubt. The ancient versions are able to make nothing intelligible out of the passage. Thus much is clear, that the IJdtsi-ham-Menuchoth of ver. 52 corresponds as one half eitlier of a lineage or of a dis- trict to the other half which appears in ver. 54 as llatsi- ham-Menachti ; but the relation between the noun Me- nuchoth and the adjective Menachthite we cannot dis- cover. Tiie latter of these two moieties is predicated of the son of Salma, the former of the son of Shobal. As of Shobal, however, sons are announced, we must recognise in Ilaroeh the name of another son ; more- over, in chap, iv, 2, Keaiah ajjpears as a son of Shobal, and this name so closely resembles Ilaroeh that we may suppose them identical. Haroeh and Keaiah are thus associated as the two sons of Shobah, and the 1 connect- ive ("and") may have originally stood between them in the text. Haroeh, indeed, may be resolved into the article and a jiarticiple (nxnn = //«e seei-), and thus be reduced to a mere ajipellation or attribute, but this woidd not help the narrative. Ilatsi-ham-Menuchoth, on the other hand, is a less natural form for a patrial name than Ilatsi-ham-ISIenachti, and this would seem to designate an original or ancestor by the name of ]Ma- nachath (rn3w), a form which actually occurs else- where as the name of a man. See Manahath. Now as Shobal is rciteatedly stated to be the " father" (found- er) of Kirjath-jearim, his sons of course, in part at least, settled there. We may therefore clear uj) ver. 52 by interpreting it as meaning that Shobal had two sons, Keaiah and Manahath, and that part of the descendants of the latter settled at Kirjath-jearim, becoming the heads of the families named in ver. 53. The other por- tion of the Manahathites appear to have colonized at Zorah, in the adjoining territory of Dan ; and are hence, for some reason not clear, classed in ver. 54 with the descendants of Shobal's brother Salma as "Zorites," that city being perhaps chiefly occupied by the latter. Yet it is a singular circumstance that in chap, iv, 1, 2, Keaiah's posterity are said to have peopled this city, if, indeed, that be the just interpretation of " Zorathites." See ZouAii.
Menymeni (^\^vvlnvol, lite initiated) was the nainc' given, es])ecially in the 4th and 5th centuries, to full members of the Cluirch of Christ. It originated in the supposed analogy between l)aptism and the rites of initiation into the sacred mysteries of the heathen. The phrase laaair ol iiinvi]fi'ivoi, "the initiated know," occurs about fifty times in the works of Augustine and Chrysostom. In like manner /iojUTat, iivaTnybjytjToi, fivaraytoyoi, and other terms borrowed from the hea- then mysteries, arc applied to the Christian rites. All these expressions, which came into general use in the 4th century, mark the prevalence of that system of se- cret instruction or doctrine which we noticed in the ar- ticle AucANi Discu'LiNA, See Kiddle, Christian An- tiqiiitii'S, p. 195.
Meon. See Baai.-.mkon ; Ih:Tii-nAAi.-Mi:oN : Bktii-jif.ox.
Meon'enim (Ileb. MeOnmim') occurs in the Auth. Vers. (Judg. ix, 37) in the proper name Elon-Meonenim (D''33'lj!a "ibx), "the plain;" or, as it should be ren- dered,^Ae oak of Afeotwnim (Sept."H\w»' Mawviri^ v. r. ipvoQ d7ro/i/\t7rovrw»',marg. "regarders of limes"). Me-