" American Sonetii for Amdinratinr) the Condition of the Jeics.— The primary object of this so'ciety, which was or- ganized in 1S20, was the temporal relief of persecuted con- verts. It was not until 1S49 that anything like missionary effort was pnr forth for the benetit of the lost sheep of the house of Isrtiel. It was found in 1851 that there was a Jewish i)oi)iilati(m statedly residing within the United Stales amounting to 1 -.'0,(100, in addition to which there were hundreds and tliousands constantly moving from l)lace to i)lace. In this wide tield of lalior the society at an early period employed ten missionaries and seven col- portors, who visited forly towns, in which they endeav- ored to sow the good seed of the kingdom, withsome vis- ible proofs of spiiitinil success.
"/•'/•((•/(■/// luijitist i'driiijn Missionar;/ f^ncict;/. — The founders of this instilutioii conceived the idea, after the plan of the eccentric (iossner, of rending forth missiona- ries to the hetithen without any iruaraiiteed suiiporl, ex- pressing great aversion to what they called the hireling system. Tlieir principles were lacking in true niissioiuiry power; but at leugth the Rev. Amos Sutton, of the Eng- lish Baptist Mission in Orissa, succeeded in awakening ;i few earnest spirits out of their deep slumber— tirst of all by a letter, and secondly by a personal address while on a visit to the States for the benetit of his health in is.'i.s. The result was that the Revs. Eli Noves and Jeremiah Phillips left for Orissa in Septcml ^ r. '- :.. ,. c, .lupanied bv:M'. Stitlim. with wliomthev p I- ,; ■ ! •-ixmoiiihs
of Iheir f.reiirn residence. The- : -, h -i, 1 \ nccupied
this one mirsioii: and, althoii-li i In ;i ii- m-h vcsullered much from tlie climate, their labois ha\c imt been with- out success, especially in disix'iisjiig medicine and esiab- lishiiiLT Christian schools. Some time ago there were 4 mis- s;;inaiics <'niployed, with 4 native preachers, 2 churches,
'• /;..[/' ./ Ini-cign Mimons of the Presbiiterian Church ill tin- r,iit,J ,<!(itcH of America. — The Presbyterians of the United Stales were engaged in missionary work at a very early ))eriod. The Scottish Society for Promoting' Chris- tian Knowledge secured a board of correspoudeiice iu 1T41, and ajipointed a minister to the Indians on Long Island, and in tlie following venr sent tlic disiim:uished D.ivid lirainerd to the Indians in Albanv. John Uiainerd succeeded his brother David in ITtT, and thev were lioth parllv sustained bv the American Presbyterians. In 1705 the Presbytery of"New York made a eolleclion in all the chiiivhes for the mission to the Indians. In ITiu; the ' New York Missionary Sociely" was instituted. Tliis was followed in IT'.iT by the organization of the 'Northern .Missionarv Societv;' and in 1>>31 these were mereed in the Board" of Missions of the Presbyterian Church, which established and conducted several interesting staiions ainoiiL' the American Indians, in addition to tliose which hail been i.reviously commenced. In 1S32 this society siMit nut a mission to Liheiia, in Western Africa, and the work was afterwards extended to the island of Corisco and other ])laces on the coast, where it ha- hccn . h- ', ,1 on with a varied measure of success amid n m \ li ties incident to the climate and a di.|.h-iN ii!,eii
population. In 183:! tlie Rev. Mi-sis. i;.,,i , 1 I wiio were sent out to India, and smceeiled in eslahlishini: a mission station in the eitv of Loiliana, on the River Sut- lez, one of the tributaries of the Indus—a place far distant from any other scene of missionarv labor. The tirst band of missi"oiiaries suffered much frdin the inroads of sick- ness and dealli. but were soon aided or fidlowed by a re- enforcement of laborers, who succeeded in formini.' :\ na- tive Church in IsS.'i, the tirst two members of which be- came eiiiinenlly useful as preachers of the Gosjid to their fellow-countrymen. In ls;is the American Piesl>y;eri.iiis commenced a mission at Sinirapore; and after the Chi- nese wtir three stations were formed at Canton, .\iiioy, and Nini:po, to which a f until wtis afterwards added iit Shaii-hai. The societv suffered a severe blow in the death of llie Rev. W. M". Lowrie, who was murdered liy a p.ariy of pirates. The board has also sent missionaries" to labor among the Chinese in California, and in every de- iiartment of the work considerable success has been real- ized.
'• Hviinarlical Lutheran Church Miiu<io7). — The Evangel- ical Lutheran Church of Nova Scotia is a religious com- munity which numbers only fonr or five thousand mem-
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MISSIONS
bers, chiefly of German extraction, and yet it has shown a most praiseworthy zeal in the cause of missions. Tills Oluirch entered upon its foreign missionary labors inlSST, and a few years afterwards it reported 5 ordained and '2 unordalned native preachers as engaged in the good work in India, with 86 Cliurch members and 355 scholars under their care.
^•■Seventh-day Baptist Missionary Soacty.^Th\s institu- tion was organized in 1842, and has been engaged ever since chiefly In Western Africa and China, where three or four agents have been usefully employed. The Chinese missi(m was begun in 1S4T in Shanghai by the Rev. Messrs. Carpenter and Worden, who secured a house within the walls, fitted up a portion of it as a chapel, and com- meni-eil ]nililii- wni'siiip in it soon afterwards. A few con- verts li,(\r !h( n Ljat'icrcil into the fold of Christ as the re- 8Ult ul'llic'ii- ('vaIll:('li^lil■ labors.