Mountagu(e) [or Montagu(e)], Richard, a learned English prelate, distinguished for his knowledge of primitive Christianity, was born at Doniey, Buck- inghamshire, April 13, 1578, and was educated at Eton and at King's College, Cambridge University, of which he was afterwards a fellow. He took holy orders, and quickly rose to distinction. In 1617 he was made arch- deacon of Hereford, in 1620 canon of Windsor, and in 1628 was elevated to the episcopate and made bishop of Chichester. In 1638 he was transferred to the see of Norwich. He was an ardent friend of archbishop Laud, and thus was led to write against the Puritans, and to defend the cause of the king and his sacerdotal compan-
MOUNTAIN
ion. He therefore became a favorite at court, and the transfer to Norwich is said to iiave been prompted by Laud, who wished to acknowledge the valuable services of Mountague. Unfortunately, however, this prelate was not only an opponent to Puritanism, but a leaner towards Komanism ; and it was even asserted by the moderate churchmen who opposed Land's course that i^Iountague was aiming to carrj* the king, his court and his primate, bodily over to Kome, and to go there himself. He was also a devoted Arminianist, and thus the Calvinists likewise upbraided him, and left no ojjportunity unim- proved against him. He died at Norwich, April 13, 1641. Bishop Mountague's literary labors are valuable, especially in the field of ecclesiastical antiquities. He assisted Savile in liis edition of St. Chrysostora ; edited Gregory Nazianzen's In Julianum Invectivm Duve, etc., also Plioti Kpistoke, and Emel/ii Demonstratio, and pub- lished several learned theological works and controver- sial tracts. Among the former are, Analecta Ecclesias- ticarum Exercitationum (Lond. 1C22): — Apparatus ad Orif/ines Ecdesiasticas (Oxf. I(i35, fol.) : — De Orirjinibus Eccksiasticis, etc. (Lond. lG3t!, fol. 1G41): — 7>e Viia ChrUti Originum Ecclesiasticarum,pai-s poskrior (\CAi)) : — The Acts and Monuments of the Church he/ore Christ Incarnate (1642, fol.)— contents: State of the Church before Christ Incarnate ; the Prophecies of Jacob and Daniel concerning Messias ; the Sibyls; Keign of Herod inJudasa; State of Judiea under the Komans; the Suc- cession of the High-priesthood ; State of the Jews in Spirituals; their Heroes; the Ancestors and Parents of cur Saviour. In 1841, r2mo, appeared bishop Mounta- gue's A rticks of Inquiry, with a Memoir (q. v.). See Gen, Diet. s. v. ; Biog. Brit. s. v. ; Fuller's Worthies and his Church Hist. bk. xi; Heylin, Life of Archbishop Laud, bk. ii ; Harwood, A lumni Efoneuses ; Hallam, Con- stif. /list, of Enff. (7th ed. 1854), ii, 62, 69, 70 ; Collier, Eccks. Hist, viii, 7 sq. (J. II. W.) Mountain. See Molnt.
Mountain, George Jehoshaphat, a noted American ecclesiastic, son of the following, was born in Norwich, England, July 27, 1789, and was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1810. He entered holy orders in 1813, and was appointed evening lecturer in his father's cathedral. In 1814 he was nominated rector of Fredericton, New Brunswick, and in 1817 rector of Quebec and bishop's official. In 1821 he became archdeacon, and in 1825, during a mis- sion to England, he received the degree of I).I). On his return, bishop Stuvard appointed liim his examin- ing chaplain, and in 1835 he was sent to England on business coiniccted with the question of the clergy re- serves. While there he was appointed bishop of ]\lont- real, and given the entire charge of the Episcopal Church in Lower Canada. He continued to administer the dioceses of Quebec and Montreal till 1850, when he assumed the title of bishop of Quebec. In 1844 he vis- ited the missions on Ked Kiver, and furnished a descrip- tion of his journeys in Songs of the Wilderness (Lond. 1846). He died iii Quebec, Jan. 8, 1863. He was the founder of Bishop's College, Lennoxville, and of the Church Society, sjjcnding most of his income for these institutions and for charitable purposes. Some time be- fore his death he declined the dignity of metropolitan of Canada. He juiblished Sermons and Addresses, and a .liiurmd of a Xorth-rcest American Mission (Lond. 1843). See A m. Church Ikv. 1803, p. 156.
Mountain, Jacob, an Anglican prelate, was born in Norfolk. England, in 1750. He was a descendant of the celebrated ^lontaigne; liis own grandfather was a great-grandson of the French essayist, and was exiled from France during the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Mountain was educated at Caius College, Cambridge, class of 1774, became fellow in 1779, and, entering holy orders, held important livings in England, j among lliem those of St. Andrew's, Norwich, of Buck- den, and of Holbeach, as well as a stall in Lincoln Cathe- I
ro4
MOURN
dral. Mr. Pitt was intimately acquainted with him, and that statesman interested himself in the ecclesiasti- cal promotion of his friend, so that in 1793 Mr. Mountain was made bishop of Quebec. He was the first Protestant prelate in the Canadas. He died near Quebec, June 16, 1825. "Bishop jAuntain promoted the formation of missions and the erection of churches in all the more populous townships, which he regularly visited — even when age and infirmity rendered so vast and fatiguing a circuit a most arduous and painful undertaking." — Drake, iJict. of A mer. Biog. s. v. Mountain-Men. See Miix, The; Scotland,
ClIUKCII OK.
Mourges, ]MATniEr. See Morgues.