Mouth (prop. il2, /jeA ; Gr. 0761.10), besides its or- dinary applications, was used in the following idiomatic phrases by the Hebrews (see Gesenius, Heb. Lex. s. v.) : "Heavy-mouthed," that is, slow of speech, and so trans- lated in Exod. iv, 10; "smooth mouth" (Psa. xxvi, 28), that is, a flattering mouth ; so also " a mouth of de- ceit" (Psa. cix, 2). The following are also remarkable phrases : " To speak with one mouth to mouth," that is, in person, without the intervention of an interpreter (Numb, xii, 8; comp. 1 Kings viii, 15; Jer. xxxii, 4); " With one mouth," that is. with one voice or consent (Josh, ix, 2; 1 Kings xxii, 13; 2 Chron. xviii, 12); "With the whole mouth," that is, with the utmost strength of voice (Job xix, 16; Psa. Ixvi, 17); "To put words into one's mouth," that is, to suggest what one shall say (Exod. iv, 15; Numb, xxii, 38; xxiii, 5, 12; 2 Sam. xiv, 19, etc.) ; " To be in one's mouth" is to be often spoken of, as a law, etc. (Exod. xiii, 9; comp. Psa. V, 10 ; xxxviii, 15). The Hebrew also says, " npon the mouth," where we say, and indeed our translation says, in or into the mouth (e. g. Nab. iii, 12) ; that which is spoken is also said to be " upon the mouth," where we should say, " upon the lips" (as in 2 Sam. xiii, 32). " To lay the hand upon the mouth" is to be silent (Judg. xviii, 19; Job xxi, 5; xl, 4; comp. Prov. xxx, 32), just as we lay the finger on the mouth to enjoin silence. " To write from the mouth of any one" is to do so from his dictation (Jer. xxxvi, 4, 27, 32 ; xlv, 1). The word of God, or, literally, " the word that proceeds out of his mouth," signifies the actions of God's providence, his commands, Avhereby he rules the world, and brings all things to his purpose (Isa. Iv, 11). To " inquire at the mouth of the Lord" is to consult him (Josh, xix, 14). To " set their mouth against the heavens" is to speak arrogantly, insolently, and blasphemously of God (Psa. Ixxiii, 9). "He shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked," are expressions which denote the sovereign authority and absolute power of the Messiah (Isa. x, 4). (See Wemyss, Clacis Symboliea, s. v.) The mouth, as the organ of speech, also signifies the words that pro- ceed out of it, which in the sacred style are the same as commands and actions, because tliej' imply the effects of the thoughts; words and commands being the means used to communicate decrees to those who are to exe-
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cute them. Instances of this abound in Scripture, in various sliades of application ; but few of tlicin are pre- served in translation. Thus ((Jen. xlv, 12), "according to the commandment of Pharaoh," is in the original, j "according to the mouth of Pharaoh" (comp., among numerous other examples, Numb, iii, IG; Job xxxix, 27 ; Eccles. viii, 2), Hence, for a person or thing to come out of the mouth of another is to be constituted or commanded to become an agent or minister under a sujierior power; this is frequent in the Apocalypse (Rev. xvi, 13, 14; i, IG; xi, 4, 5; xii, 15; ix, 19). The term mouth is not only applied to a speech or words, but to the speaker (Exod. iv, IG; Jer. xv, 19), in which sense it has a near equivalent in our expression "mouth- piece."— Kitto; Bastow.
Mouton, Jean, a French composer of Church mu- sic, flourished in the IGth century. He was first brought into notice about the opening of that age under the reign of Louis XII. Under Francis I he enjoyed royal protection and support, and as musical director of the royal chapel Mouton was encouraged to liring out his own compositions. He wrote considerably, and some of his productions were sutTered dedication to pope Leo X. Mouton died before 1532. His Masses are justly celebrated. Five of these were published by Petrucci in 1508. Several of his compositions are preserved at Rome and Munich. His motets and madrigals are also circulated. As a composer, Mouton possessed more than the usual attainments. He was master of music as a science. His compositions are simple and natural, and betray the hand of a skilful artist. See Burney, Gm. Hist, of Music ; Forkel, Cesch. d. Musik ; Fites, Moi/- raphie Univeiselle des Musiciens ; Patria, Hist, de VA rt musical en France.
Mouton, Jean Baptiste Sylvain, a noted French ecclesiastic and devoted adherent to the Jan- senistic movement, was born in 1740 at Charite-sur- Loire. Having entered the service of the Church, he ardently devoted himself to bring about ecclesiastical reforms, and zealously embraced the Jansenistic cause as one sure to result favorably for the purity of the Church. He was, however, persecuted on that account, and finally quitted his native country and went over to Holland, and there labored with the Jansenists until his death, June 13, 1803, at Utrecht. He published Noiivelles Ecclesiastiques, first at Paris and afterwards at Utrecht. See Querard, La France Litteraire, s. v. ; ]Moreri, JJict. Ilist. s. v.