revision, which fell due in 1853, but was delayed by temporary acts until l.s.')7. Various attennpts were made during the interval to increase the emoluments of the schoolmasters, and to adapt the system to the existing state of the country, but the prejudices and conflicting interests of rival sects rendered them abortive. At length an act was passed in the session of 18G1, mainh' through the exertions of lord-advocate MoncrieflF, which has made a number of important changes in the consti- tution of the parochial schools. The minimum salary has been raised to £35 and the maximum to £70 a year, with a house of not less than three apartments, besides the kitchen. Instead of the examination by the pres- bytery, the schoolmaster elect is to be examined by a board chosen by the university court of one or other of the four Scottish universities, and composed of six pro- fessors (three of whom must be professors of divinity), or by their deputies, one half of whom must be gradu- ates of arts, and the other ministers or licentiates of the Church of Scotland. The electors may, if they shall see fit, nominate two or three persons to be tried by the examiners, whose duty it shall be to determine which of them is the best qualified for the office. The parochial teachers are not now required to subscribe the Confes- sion of Faith or the formula of the Established Church, or to profess that they will submit themselves to its government and discipline. But before induction into office the schoolmaster elect must solemnly declare that in the discharge of his official duties he wUl never en- deavor, directly or indirectly, to inculcate any opinions opposed to the divine authority of the Holy Scriptures or to the doctrines contained in the Shorter Catechism ; and that he will faithfully conform thereto in the in- struction of his pupils; and that he will not exercise the functions of his office to the prejudice or subversion of the Church of Scotland, as by law established, or of its doctrines and privileges. If any schoolmaster should be guilty of contravening this declaration, the secretary of state may, on the complaint of the presbytery or her- itors, appoint a commission to inquire into the case, and to censure, suspend, or deprive the offender, as they shall find to be just, provided that this sentence shall not take effect until it has been confirmed by the secretary of state. A schoolmaster charged with immoral conduct, or cruel and improper treatment of his scholars, is hence- forth to be tried, not by the presbytery, but by the sher- iff of the county, on a complaint being made by the her- itors or minister, or of any six heads of families in the parish whose children are attending the school. The sherifTs decision is final, and not subject to review. When the schoolmaster of any parish is disqualified, through infirmity or old age, or has been found, on a report by one of her majesty's inspectors of schools, to have failed, from negligence or inattention, efficiently to discharge his duties, a meeting of the heritors and ministers maj^ compel him to resign his office. But they are empowered to grant him a retiring allowance, amounting to at least two thirds of his salary. — Eadie. Parish, Ei,i.taii, D.D., a Congregational minister, was born Nov. 7, 17()2, at Lebanon, Conn. He gradu- ated at Dartmouth College in 1785, and was ordained pastor in Hyfield, ]\Iass., Dec. 20, 1787, where he labored until his death, Oct, l.'j, 1825. He published. An Ora- tion on the Fourth of Jti/i/ (1799) : — An Oration on the Twenti/secoml of Febrnary (1800) : — the three following in company with the Rev. Dr. Morse, A Gazetteer of the Eastern and Western Continents (1802): — .4 Com- pemlions liistonj of Kent Fnr/land (1809) : — A Si/stetn of Modern Geofjraphu (1810): — .1 Kuloi);/ on Professor John Unbbard, of Dartmouth College (1810) : — in com- pany with the Kev. Dr. IM'Clure, A Memoir of the Rev. Dr. Eleazer W heelock, frst President of Dartmouth Col- ler/e (1811) : — A Sacred (leofiraphy or Gazetteer of the Bible (1813) ; and several occasional sermons. A vol- «ime of his sermons, with a memoir, was published in 182G. See Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit, ii, 268.
Parishioners, in 1250, 1281, and 1305, were re- quired to find in every church a chalice, principal vest- ment, a silk cope for principal festivals, two others for rectors of the choir on those days ; a processional cross, a cross carried before the dead, a bier, a holy-water ves- sel, with salt and bread ; osculatory, paschal candle- stick, censer, lantern, and little hand-bell (for preceding the viaticmn) ; two candlesticks for acolytes before the gospel; a legendary, antiphonar, grail, psalter, tropar, ordinal, missal, and manual ; high-altar frontal, three surplices, a pyx, rogation banners, bells and ropes ; a font with lock and key, chrismatory, images, the image of the patron saint, the church light (before the altar); the repairs of the nave and tower, glass windows, aisles, and churchyard fence. In 1014 parishioners were called the priest's hyrmen, or hyremcn. In 994 the only church furniture expressly required comprised holy books, housel, vessels, and mass vestments. The sov- ereign is the parishioner of the archbishop of Canter- bury.— Walcott.