VII.— K K K
selfish purposes. His efforts to win over Protestants was only to give them advantages of which he saw them deprived, and to avoid persecution. He corre- sponded with Leibnitz regarding the question of relig- ious toleration, and laid down his views in Reflexions sur les differences en matiere de Religion (1686). See Weiss, llistoire des Refugies Protestants de France (Paris, 1863, 12mo), p. 6.5 sq., especially p. 78; Jervis, Hist, of the Church of France, ii, 63 sq. ; Smiles, Hist, of the Huguenots after the Revocation (see In- dex). (J. II.AV.)
Pelloma, an ancient Roman deity, was believed to ward off the attacks of the enemy.
PeHoutier, Simon, a French historian, was bom at Leipsic, Germany, Oct. 27, 1694. His father, a merchant established at Lyons, had been driven from France by the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Aided by an ex- cellent memory and a strong desire to educate himself, he studied at Halle, at Berlin, and Geneva. Admitted to the evangelical ministry, he served the French churches of Buchholtz (1715), of Madgeburg (1719), and of Berlin (1725), where he was the colleague of Lenfant. In 1743 he was elected member of the Academy of Sciences at Berlin, and was chosen for its librarian in 1745. He died at Berlin Oct. 3, 1757, His principal work is, His- toire des Celtes et particnli'eremejit des Gaulois et des Ger- mains depuis les temps fahuleux jusqri'a la jn-ise de Rome par les Gaulois (La Haye, 1740-1750, 2 vols. Timo). This edition is full of faults ; Chiniac de la Bastide has given a second, revised and enlarged after the IMSS, of the author (Paris, 1771, 2 vols. 4to, or 8 vols. 12mo), v.hich was translated into (ierman by Purmann (Frank- fort, 1777-1784, 3 vols. 8vo). "Tliis work," says the Journal des Sava7its, "is very curious and agreeable in many respects ; it is full of an extremely varied erudi- tion. The author, not satisfied with proving what he advances, alwaj^s accompanies his proofs with judicious reflections, from which he afterwards draws very ex- tended conclusions, calculated to throw light upon the history and antiquities of all the different peoples of Europe." The editor has ailded to the Histoire des Celtes several dissertations by PeHoutier; among others the Discours sur les Galates, which gained for him in 1742 a prize from the French Academy of Inscriptions. See Brucker, Pinacotheca, dec. iii, No. 9 ; Former, Eloges ; Haag, La France Pivtestante. — Hocfer, Nouv. Biog. Ge- nerule, xxxix, 514.
Pelon. See P^:Lo^^ni.
Pel'onite (Heb. with the art. hap-Peloni', "iSI^EIj, as if from a place or man Pelon, otherwise unknown; Sept. 6 •ttXaij/i v. r. o <t>a\\tiiji'i, 1 Chron. xi, 27; 6 $fA- Xwi'i, 1 Chron. xi, 36; o f'/c ^aAXoT'c, 1 Chron. xxvii, 10; Vidg. Phalonites, Phelonites, Phallonites). Two of David's mighty men, Helez and Aliijah, are called Pel- onites (1 Chron. xi, 27, 36). From 1 Chron. xxvii, 10 it appears that the former was of the tribe of Ephraim, and " Pelonite" would therefore be an appellation de- rived from his place of birth or residence. But in the Targum of rabbi Joseph it is evidently regarded as a patronymic, and is rendered in the last-mentioned pas- sage "of the seed of Pelan." In the list of 2 Sam. xxiii Helez is called (ver. 26) " the Paltite," that is, as Ber- theau (on 1 Chron. xi) conjectures, of Beth - Palct, or Beth-Phelet, in the south of Judah. But it seems probable that "Pelonite" is the correct reading. See Paltite. "Ahijah the Pelonite" appears in 2 Sam. xxiii, 34 as "Eliam the son of Ahithophel the (iilon- ite," of which the former is a corruption; "Ahijah" forming the first part of "Ahithophel," and "Pelonite" and " Gilonite" differing only by S and j.- If we follow the Sept. of 1 Chron. xxvii, the place from which Helez took his name would be of the form Phallu, but there is no trace of it elsewhere, and Hie Sept. nnist have had a differently pointed text. In Heb. "^355, peloni, as an appellative, corresponds to the Greek b dtiva, "such a
PELOPEIA
882
PEMBERTON
tine :" it still exists in Arabic and in the Spanish Don Fuliino, Mr. So-and-so. — Smith.
Pelopeia, a festival observed by the people of Elis in honor of Telops. It was kept in imitation of Her- cules, who sacriliced to Pelops in a trench, as it was usual, when the manes and the infernal gods were the objects of worship.
Pelops, in Greek mythology, the grandson of Zeus and the son of Tantalus, was slain bj* his father, and served up at an entertainment which he gave to the gods, in order to test their omniscience. They w^ere not deceived, and would not touch the horrible food ; but Ceres, being absorbed with grief for tlic loss of her daughter, ate part of a shoulder without observing. The gods then commanded the members to be thrown into a caldron, out of which Clotho brought the boy again alive, and the want of the shoulder was supplied by an ivory one. According to the legend most gen- eral in later times, Pelops was a Phrygian, who, being driven by Ilos from Sipylos, came with great treasures to the peninsula which derived from him the name of Peloponnesus, married Hippodamia, obtained her fa- ther's kingdom by conquering him in a chariot- race, and became the father of Atreus, Thj-estes, and other sons. But in what appear to be the oldest traditions, he is represented as a Greek, and not as a foreigner. He was said to have revived the Olympic games, and was particularly honored at Olympia. — Chambers.