SCROBICULI
484
SCUDDER
his GotthohVs ZufiiUvje Andacliten (1st ed. 1671, and often), a sort of Christian parables, 400 in number, which are based on objects in nature and ordinary oc- currences in life. The Siech- u. /Sief/exbette describes a sici<ness through which he passed, and the aids and comforts derived from God's goodness in that time. Tritius has published a worit of consolation, entitled Witticeiitrosi, from Scriver's literary remains.
For Scriver's life, see I'ritius's preface to the Seelen- schtitz; Chnstm&nn, Bioi/niphie. (Nuremb. 1«29) ; Ha- genbach, IVesen u. Gesch. d. lieforinat. iv ; Ecung. Pro- iestantisnms, ii, 177 sq. — Herzog, Real-Encyliop. s. v.
ScrobicQli, a name given among the ancient Ro- mans to altars dedicated to the worsliip of the infernal deities. They consisted of cavities dug in the earth, into which libations were poured.
Scroll ("ISO, sepher, Isa. xxxiv, 4, a hook, as else- where ; so also /Ji/SXiov, Kev. vi, 14), the form of an an- cient book (q. v.).
SCROLL. (1.) A name given to a numerous class of ornaments, which in general character resemble a band
nimmm
Scroll Moulding.
arranged in undulations or convolutions. (2.) It is also ap])lied to a particular kind of moulding shown in the example from Dorchester church, called the scroll- or roll-moulding, a marked feature of the Decorated style. — Parker, Gloss, of A rchiteci. s. v.
Scrutiny, the inqntrj into the faith and manners of candidates for baptism. It was made in the pres- ence of the congregation on seven days the last being Wednesday before Passion-Simday, The name of each candidate was called; then the deacoii bade him pros- trate himself five times and rise, in memory of the live wounds of Christ. The sign of the cross was made on his forehead by the sponsor and acolyte : lastly, he was sprinkled with ashes. The custom died out in 860.
SCRUTINY is the name, also, of one of the three canonical modes of electing a pope in the Romish Church. It is the method almost invariably followed, and is thus managed : Blank schedules are supplied to each of the cardinals, who tills them up with his own name and that of the individual for whom he votes. If two thirds of the votes are not in favor of any one per- son, the cardinals proceed to a second vote by accessiis (q. v.). See (iardner. Faiths of the World, s. v. j Wal- cott, S(tc. A rchteol. s. v.
Scudder, Catharine Hastings, a missionary to India of the Presbyterian Church, was born in Utica, N. Y., Aug. 22, 182.5. She was the daughter of Prof. Thomas Hastings, known and honored throughout the churches of the United States for his surccsslul efforts in raising the standard of chundi music. In her tenth year. 8he joined the Presbyterian Church under the pastorate of Dr. Krskine Mason. The development of her piety gave early indications of her destiny as a missionarj% When eleven years old, her heart was deeply affected by the fact that the missionaries who had charge of the Ceylon mission schools were obliged to (li>band some of them for want of fimds, and to send back to the darkness of heathenism many of the native children, and her sym- ))athy led to corresponding action. She |)repared a con- stitution, and formed a family association to sew for the heathen, and this association continued in existence un- til she left home for India, and exchanged manual for
mental an<l moral labor in bell alf of those for whom she felt a life-long solicitude. From the time she deter- mined to devote herself to the missionary work, her character matured rapidly and with remarkable power, and the beauty of the Lord shone in and around her. In September, 1846, she was married to the Rev. Will- iam W. Scudder, son of the Rev. John Scudder, M.D., who was about to return to his native India as a mis- sionary in that field, so long the home of his honored father. Soon after, they embarked for India, on the ship Flavio. In mid -ocean there was a revival on board, in which several of the roughest sailors were converted. When 280 miles from Madras, a meeting was held, at which there were eight of the seamen hopefullv trusting in Christ for salvation. She united with the Church on the first Sabbath after her arrival on the shores of India, and enjoyed a delightful com- muni(ni season with the Indian Church, fidl of gratitude to God for having permitted her to arrive on the field of her laljors. Her allotted station was the island of Ceylon, and there, as soon as she could master a few words of the language, she commenced her work. She was permitted to prosecute her labors during the short period of two years only. While on a journey with her husband, returning from Madura, she was attacked with cholera, and died March 11, 1849, declaring m her last words that she was happy in Jesus. (W. P. S. I
Scudder, John, M.D., a celebrated missionary in Ceylon and India, was born at Freehold. N. J., Sept. o, 179n, grailuateil at Princeton College m 181 1, and at tlie College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York, in 1815. He established himself at once in medical prac- tice in that city with success and lucrative prospects. In 1816 he married Miss Harriet Waterbury, the es- timable and efficient companion of his missionarj- life. In 1819, while waiting to see a patient, he picked up iu the anteroom a tract called The Conversion of the Worhl, or the Claims of Six Hundred Millions, and the A biliiif and Duty of the Churches respecting them. Deeply im- pressed by its appeals, he consulted with his wife prayer- fully, and with fasting and great deliberation. They gave themselves up to the foreign missionary service, offered themselves to tlie American Board, and prepared for their work. His friends were astounded that he should sacrifice his medical prospects of fame and fort- une for such a venture. But the vow was made, never to be recalled, and joyously to be fulfilled. He was licensed by tlie Classis of New York of the Reformed Dutch Church in June, 1819, and they sailed on the 8th of that month for their destination, with Messrs. Wins- low, Spalding, and Woodward, to reinforce the Ceylon mission at Tilligally. Here he immediately began his career as a missionary, physician, and minister, al- tiiough he was not ordained until May 15, 1821, in the Wesleyan chapel at Jaffuapatam, by clergymen of the Congregational, Baptist, and iMethodist denominations. In the large hospital wtiich he established, cholera and jungle fever were treated with eminent success, as well I as ordinary diseases of the climate. In 1822 a college I was organized. In 1824 the mission enjoyed a wonder- 1 ful revival of religion, which wrought with power at j Dr. Scudder's schools. His influence added much to ; the great prosjierity of the Ceylon mission. In 1836 he ami Mr. W'inslow were transferred to India to establish a printing-press at Madras for publishing the Scriptures and tracts in the Tamil language. The large printing establishment of the Church Missionary Society fell into I their hands in 1838. Six millions of pages were printed by these brethren the first year, and more in later years. 1 These were scattered through every open door far and wide among the natives. Dr. Scudder resided at Chin- tadrepcttah, near Madras, anct out of these beginnings grew u]> the Arcot Mission, which was received under the American Board of Christian Foreign Mission in 1852, and subsequently passed into the care of the Reformed Church in America in 18.i3 as the Arcot Mission of the Reformed Church. After a residence of twenty-three