Taylor, Oliver Alden, a Congregational minis- ter, was born at Yarmouth, ;Mass., Aug. 18, 1801. He graduated at Union College, 1825; entered the ministry November, 1828; and, spending the next eleven j'ears in study and teaching, he became pastor at Manchester Sept, 18, 1839, and died Dec. 18, 1851. He published, Catalogue of the Andover Theological Seminary (1838): — Piety in Humble Life (1844, by the Jlass. S. S. Soci- ety): — and numerous articles, original and translated, and some poems, in various periodicals. A memoir of his life by Rev. T. A. Taylor, his brother, was published in 1853, a second edition of which appeared in 1856. See Sprague, Annuls of the Ame?: Puljjit, ii, 725.
Taylor, Richard Co-wling, an eminent English antiquary, was born at Hinton, Suffolk, Jan. 18, 1789, and emigrated to the United States in July, 1830,settling in Philadelphia. He was a surveyor and geologist, and was greatly useful in developing the mineral resources of various parts of the country. He died Oct. '26, 1851. In addition to scientific works, he published Index Mo- nasticus, or the A bbeys and other Monasteries, A lien Pri- 07-ies, Friaries, Colleges, Collegiate Churches, Uospitals,
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etc., in the City of Nm-wich (Lond. 1821, foL). See Al- liboiie, l)ia. of Brit, and A met: A uthors, s. v.
Taylor, RoMrlaiid, LL.D., an English clergyman and martyr, is supposed to have been a Yorkshireinan; and after being educated at Cambridge, became the head of Border Hostle, near Caius College. He was presented 1)3' archbishop Crannier to the rector}' of Hatlleigh, where he attended faithfully to the spiritual needs of his pa- rishioners. In 1553 he was summoned before (iardiner for resisting the popish mass at Hadleigh. He defended his cause with firmness, but was committed to the King's Bench Prison, where he remained till Jan. 22, 1555, when he was sentenced to be burned. The execution took place Feb. 8, 1555, on Aldham Common, near Hadleigh. See Fox, Book of Martyrs ; Hook, Eccl. Biog. s. v.
Martyr's Stoue at Hadleigh.
Taylor, Samuel, a Presbyterian minister, was born in Nova Scotia, .Sept. 14, 1795; graduated at the Princeton Theological Seminary in 1825; was licensed to preach the same year, and shortly after was ordained and installed pastor of the Millersburg and Stoner Mouth churches of Bourbon County, Ky. In 1831 became pas- tor of the Nich((lasville and Cedar Creek churches, Ky.; in 183(5, at Frankfort, 1 nil. ; in 1845, Waveland, Ind. ; in 1852, Washington, Ind.; in 1854, Waco, Texas. He died June 9, 1855. Mr. Taylor was a close student and a man of literary tastes. As a theologian he was acute, pro- lific, and systematic. He was for a number of years an active member of the Board of Trustees of Hanover Col- lege, Ind., and of the New Albany Theological Seminary, Ind. See Wilson, Presb. Hist. A linunac, 1867, p. 200. (J.L.S.)
Taylor, Stephen, D.D., a Presbyterian minister, was born at Tyringhara, Berkshire Co., Mass., Feb. 26, 1796. He pursued his preparatory' studies at Lenox Academy ; graduated at Williams College, with the highest honor, in 1816; was preceptor of the academy at Westtield, Mass., for one year, and tutor in Williams College 1817-19; studied theology in Andover Theo- logical Seminary, and afterwards privately; was licensed to preach in 1824. and shortly after was ordained pastor of a church in Halifax Co., Va. In 1820 he became pastor of the Shockoe Hill Church, Richmond, Va. ; in 1835 was appointed professor of ecclesiastical history in the Union Theological Seminary in Prince Edward Co. ; in 1838 resigned, and shortly after became pastor of a church in Abingdon, Ya.; in 1843, of tlie High Street Church in Petersburg, Va. ; in 1847 returned to Rich- mond, and engaged in teaching; in 1850 became pastor of the Duval Street Church, Richmond, and continued in charge of it until his death, March 4, 1853. Mr. Taylor was an instructive preacher, an excellent pastor, and a learned tutor. See Sprague, Annuls of the Amer. Pulpit, iv, 073. (J. L. S.)
Taylor, Thomas (1), a learned Puritan divine, was born at Richmond, Yorkshire, in 1576 ; and was ed- ucated at Christ's College, Cambridge, of which he be- came fellow, and afterwards Hebrew lecturer. On leav- ing the university, he settled tirst at Watford, Hertford- shire; then at Reading, Berkshire; and in 1625 he ob- tained the living of St. Mary Aldermanbury, London, which he retained during the remainder of his life. He died early in 1632. His contemporaries unite in giving
him a liigh character for learning, piety, and useful- ness. Among his works are. Commentary on the Epistle of St. Paul written to Titus (Camb. 1612, 4to; 1610, 1619, best ed. 1658, M.):— Treatise of Christian Relifj- ion (1016, 4to) : — Exposition upon Parable of the Sowei-, etc. (L(md. 1621, 4lo; 1631, \&d4) -. — Christ's Victory over the Driiyon (1633, Ai»):—Chi-ist Revealed, or the Old Testament Explained, etc. (1635, sm. 4to). Other works, with Life, appeared (Lond. 1653, fol.). See Alli- bone. Diet, of Brit, and A mer. A uthors, s. v. ; Chalmers, Bioy. Diet. s. v.
Taylor, Thomas (2), " the Platonist," was born in London, May 15, 1758. He studied for three years at St, Paul's school, with the design of becoming a Dissenting minister, but afterwards entered Lubbock's banking- house. Later he received the appointment of assistant secretary to the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Maiuifactures, and Commerce, which post he held sev- eral years. During the last forty j'ears of his life he resided at Walworth (partially supported by an income of £100 from his friend W. Meredith). He died Nov. 1, 1835. His works comprise sixty-three volumes, of which twenty-three are large quartos. Besides treatises on arithmetic and geometry, and a few minor essays, etc., his principal work was the translation of Plato, Aristotle, and other Greek and Latin authors. The Works <f Plato, viz. his Fifty-five Dialogues and Twelve Epistles ; Nine of the Dialogues by the late Floyer Syden- ham, and the Remainder by Thomas Taylor, etc. (1804, 5 vols. 4to), was printed at the expense of the duke of Norfolk, who locked up nearly the whole edition in his house, where it remained till 1848, when it was sold. Of his translation of Aristotle (1800-12, 10 vols.4to) only fifty complete copies were struck off, the expense being defrayed by W. Meredith. His latest works were trans- lations of Proclus, On Providence and Evil (1833, 8vo; 1841, 8vo) ; and Plotinus, On Suicide (1834, 8vo). His translations have been commended by some, but by oth- ers very severely criticised. For fidl catalogue of Taj'- lor's works, see AUibone, Diet, of Brit, and A mer. A u- thors, s. V.