Titus, bishop OF BosTRA, in Arabia, was driven from his see, under Julian, A. U. 362; returned imder Valen- tinian ; antl died about A.D. 371. He wrote Contra Manichaos Lib. Ill, which is extant in a Latin transla- lation in J3iblii>t/i. I'atr. torn. iv. A discourse On the Branches oj' Palm, (ireek and Latin, and a Commentary on Luke, in Latin, have been published under his name, but are questioned. — Mosheim, Eccles. liist. i, 248. See Herzog, lieal-Encyklop. s. v,
Titus, Flavius SabInus Vespasianus, emperor of Rome, was the eldest son of Vespasian and Flavia Do- mitilla, and was born at Rome, Dec. 30, A.D. 40. He was educated at the court of Nero with Britannicus, and hence acquired some false moral principles which afterwards led him into many excesses. He was in charge of a legion of the Roman forces in the last war of the Jews, and on his father's elevation to the imjie- rial throne, he prosecuted the war to a successful close, sharing tlie honors of a triumph jointly with Vespasian. On his own elevation to the throne, he reformed his habits, and became celebrated for his virtues and popu- larity. He died Sept. 13, A.D. 81, in the third year of his reign. His career is given by the ancient histori- ans Suetonius and Tacitus, and his connection with the Jews by Josephus. Monographs on hiin have been written in Latin by Jung (1761), and in French by Pol- land (1830).
Coin of Titus commemorating the Capture of Judaea.
Ti'zite (Heb. Titsi', '^^'^^l, patrial, as if from some unknown place or person called Tits ; Se[)t. Owaat v. r. 'leaffel ; Vulg. Thosaites), the designation of Joha (q. v.), the brother of .Jediael and son of Shimri, one of the he- roes of David's army named in the supplementary list of 1 Chron. xi, 45. The word is possibly a corruptioia for ''^''}P., Tirzife, i. e. inhabitant of Tirzah (q. v.).
TOAII
4-13
TOBIAH
Tablet on the Arch (q. v.) of Titus iil Kuinf i t-inc^emmg Ins Tnuiiipiial Car. (See p. 442.
To'ah (Heb. To'ach, tjin. lowly; Sept. Qoov v. r. Qoovi anci Geie ; Viilg. T/iohu), son of Ziiph and father of Eliel in the genealogy of Heman the Levitical mii.si- cian (1 Chron. vi, 34 [Heb. 19]); elsewhere called by the similar name Tohu (1 Sam. i, 1), or the different one (1 Chron. vi, 26) Nahath (q. v.). See Sa.^iuel.
Tob (Heb. Tob, S1I2, good, as everywhere; Sept. Tw/3 ; Vulg. Tob ), the name of a region or district ("/"IX; Sept. y/}; 'Vi\]g. te?-i-u ; A. V." land") into which Jephthah withdrew when expelled from home by his half-brethren (Judg. xi, 3), and where he remained, at the head of a band of freebooters, till he was brought back by the sheiks (S^^iTT) of Gilead (ver. 5). The narrative implies that the land of Tob was not far dis- tant from Gilead; at the same time, from the nature of the case, it must have lain out towards the eastern des- erts. It is undoubtedly mentioned again in 2 Sam. x, 6, 8 as one of the petty Aramitish kingdoms or states which supported the Ammonites in their great conflict with David; but in that passage the A.V. presents the name lilevdiiin as Ishtob (q. v.), i. e. man of Tab, mean- ing, according to a common Hebrew idiom, the ''men of Tob." After an immense interval it appears again (T('Jf3ioi^ or ToijSiov) in the Maccabtean history (1 INIacc. v, 13), and was then the abode of a considerable colony of Jews, numbering at least a thousand males. See ToBiK. In 2 Mace, xii, 17 its position under the name Tubieni (q. v.) is defined verj- exactly as at or near Charax, 750 stadia from the strong town Caspis, tliough, as the position of, neither of these places is known, we are not thereby assisted in the recovery of Tob. The Targum and Abarbanel render it simply "good land," while Kimchi and Beii-(ierson look upon Tob as the name of the lord or owner of the land. Eu- sebius and .Jerome make it a country, but say nothing of its situation (Oiwimis/. s. v.). Ptolemy {Geofp: v, 19) mentions a place called Bavfia as lying to the south- west of Zobah, and therefore possibly to the east or north-east of the country of Ammon proper. In Steph- anus of Byzantium and in Eckhel {iJoctr. Ninmn. iii. 352) the names Tiihai and Tcibeni occur. The name Tell iJobbe ( Burckhardt, Syria, April 25), or, as it is given by the latest explorer of those regions. Tell iJibbe (^Wetzstein, Map), attached to a ruined site at the south
end of the Leja, a few miles north-west of Kcnawat, and also that of Ed-Dab, some twelve hours east of the moun- tain El-Kuleib, are both suggestive of Tob. — Smith. Ac- cording to Schwarz (Palest, p. 200), the Talmud identi- ties it with a Gentile town called iS'i.si/fia or Chephon, somewhere on the south-east shore of the lake of Tibe- rias ; ijerhaps the Uij^ws (q. v.) so often mentioned by Joseph us.
Tob-adoni'jah (Heb. TobAdoniyah, Jl^^inx Isio, good is A donijah ; Sept. Twl3aSov(a<; v. r. TMfSat^wjSda ; Vulg. Thobadonias), last named of the nine Levites sent by Jehoshaphat through the cities of Judah to teach the law to the people (2 Chron. xvii, 8). B.C. 910.