Zur (Heb. Tsu?; 'n^liJ, a ?-oc^-, being substantially the same as the Heb. name of Ty7-e [q. v.] ; Sept. Soi'ip v. r. 'laovp; Vulg. Sur), the name of two men.
1. Third named of the five princes of Jlidian who were slain by the Israelites when Balaam fell ( Numb. xxxi, 8). B.C. 1618. His daughter Cozbi was killed by Phinehas, together with her paramour Zimri, the Simeonitish chieftain (xxv, 15). He apjiears to have been in some way subject to Sihon king of the Amorites (Josh, xiii, 21).
2. Second named of the eight sons of Jehiel (the founder of Gibeon) by his wife Maachah (1 Chron. viii, 30; ix,36). B.C. post 1612.
Zii'riel (Heb. Tsuriel', ^Nin^IlS, my rock is God; Sept. Zovpi/jX; Vulg. Sui-iel), the son of Abihail and chief of the Merarite Levites at the time of the Exode (Numb, iii, 35). B.C. 1658.
Zurishad'dai (Heb. Tsurishadday' , 'i'n^'^"l''i£, my roch is the Almighty =Zuriel [comp. Ammishaddai in the context]; Sept. EovpianSai; Vulg. Surisaddai), the father of Shehimiel, which latter was chief of the tribe of Simeon at the time of the Exode (Numb, i, 6; ii, 12; vii, 36, 41 ; x, 19). B.C. ante 1658.
Zu'zim (Heb. only in the plur. and with the art.
ZWICK
nil
ZWINGLI
haz-Ztizini', Qin'ln, (he Zuzites ; Sept. translates jSm; ia-)(vpa, like Jerome in Qiutst. Ileh. "gentes fortes;" but the Vulg. lias Zuzim; A. Y. "the Zuzims"), the name of an ancient people, who, lying in the path ofChedor- laomcr and his allies, were attacked and overthrown hy them (Gen. xiv, 5 only). Of tlie etymology or sigiiili- cation of the name notliing is known. The Sept., Tar- gum of Onkelos, and Samar. version ([)erhaps reading or mistaking for C^TIT^') render it '-strong people." The Arabic version of Saadiah (in Walton's I'oJijijlof) gives ed-Daliakin, by which it is uncertain whether a proper name or an appellative is intended. Others understand by it " the wanderers" (Le Clerc, from TIT) or "dwarfs" (Michaelis, «S(;/)/)/. No. GOG). Hardly more ascertain- able is the situation which the Zuzim occupied. The progress of the invaders was from north to south. They first encountered the Kephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim (near the Leja, in the north of the Haiiran); next the Zuzim in Ham; and next the Emim in Shaveh-kir- iathaim. The last-named place has not been identi- fied, but was probably not far north of the Arnon. There is therefore some plausibility in the suggestion of Ewald (Gesch. i, 308, note), provided it is etymologi- cally correct, that Ham, On, is CS', Am, i.e. Ammon; and thus that the Zuzim inhabited the countr}' of the Ammonites, and were identical with the Zamzummim (q. v.), who are known to have been exterminated and succeeded in their land by the Ammonites. — Smith. See Jotirn. Sac. Lit. Jan. 1852, p. 303. See Canaan- it k.
ZTwick, JoHANN, preacher and Reformer in the city and region of Constance, Switzerland, was born about liOG. He studied theologj- and jurisprudence, being made doctor of laws at Padua, and priest about 1518. He then came under the influence of Luther and Zwin- gli, married, and entered on a pastorate at Riedlingen in 1522; from which he was exjielled, on account of his evangelical tendencies, by the Nuremberg Diet of 1525. After a time he was associated with Ambrose Blarer as preacher, and in the conduct of the Reformation at Con- stance, which was brought to a successful consimimation in 1531. Zwick was especially' concerned with the set- tling of plans for the education of the young, and with the introduction of an order of discipline in the Church. After the completion of such labors, the preachers of Constance engaged in the work of extending the Refor- mation over surrounding regions in Wiirtemberg and Switzerland, Blarer being prominent in such service, while Zwick was by that fact obliged to restrict his efforts to more limited areas. He gave twelve j'ears of most arduous and exacting toil to the Church, and ex- hausted his entire patrimony before he applied to the council (1538) that provision might be made for his sup- port. The union efforts of Bucer engaged the attention of Zwick in common with the Protestant clergy in gen- eral, but did not commend themselves to his judgment, though Luther's personality had somewhat impressed him at the Wittenberg Concord (May, 1530); and he thouglit that some concessions might be made to a man so eminent, especially since a meaning which the Swiss churches could endorse might be ftumd in the great Re- former's doctrine of the bodily presence in the sacra- ment. He was eventually, however, constrained to see that no true agreement was possible upon this question ; and his influence, joined with that of the other clergy- men of Constance, gave to that city the unpleasant no- toriety of being the only one which had not replied to Luther's agreement with Bucer. Zwick was also in- volved in the Schwenkfeldian disputes. He obtained possession of manuscripts written by Schwenkfeld, cir- culated them among friends, and aided in bringing the writings of Vadian against that agitator before the pub- lic. Zwick died as the clouds of the Smalcald war be- gan looming in the distance. After being repeatedly unwell, he went to Bischoffszell, in Thurgovia, to minis-
ter to an orphaned congregation, in which the ravages of pestilence were carrying away from ten to thirty adults, and as many children, in each week to the grave, lie was himself attacked, and lay for several weeks re- joicing in the triumplis of faiih, and died Oct. 23, 1542. Dr. Voegeii, the piiysician whuui Constance had sent to care for her favorite preacher, came away from the sick- bed, where, lie said, he had learned how to die, and soon followed his friend into tlie otiicr world. Zwick was con- stantly busy with his pen; but he preferred to pulilisli the works of others rather than his own productions. He caused the publication of a Ldlin-Getmiin Xcw Tes- ttimcnt at Zurich in 1535, and wrote a preface for it. He also prepared a nimilier of catechisms. His princi- pal iuiiiortance to literature lies, however, in llie held of iiymnology. He issued a liymn-book in 153(; (V), and a second enlarged edition in 15K), A collection of Latin hymns and prayers for educateti young people, entitled Rhapsodid', whose date and authorsliip were long un- known, has recently been found attril)uted to Zwick in a note of the Kith century written in the Zurich copy of the INiiipsorlicB. See Zwick, iro//.-.s' and Lfllcrit, gen- erally unpublished ; Schelhorn, .Sdiiimlinit/iii Jlir d. Ce- ■schichtc, i, 41 sq. ; the more recent biographies of Blarer; and Herzog, Re(d-Iuici/lclop. s. v,